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"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language.A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"Kesusastraan Aljazair mulai berkembang setelah perang kemerdekaan Aljazair, sekitar tahun 1970-an. Identitas dan kebebasan adalah dua tema utama yang sering diangkat dalam karya sastra penulis Aljazair. Masalah identitas pada masyarakat Aljazair muncul akibat penjajahan Prancis, salah satunya berupa penggunaan dua bahasa utama negara tersebut, yaitu bahasa Arab dan Prancis. Masalah identitas ini terjadi karena eratnya hubungan antara bahasa Prancis sebagai bahasa kolonial dengan identitas masyarakat Aljazair itu sendiri, yang pada akhirnya berujung pada rekonstruksi identitas masyarakat Aljazair. Artikel ini membahas rekonstruksi identitas yang terjadi pada tokoh utama dalam novel La Disparition de la langue française karya Assia Djebar. Artikel ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode studi pustaka. Analisis makalah ini menggunakan konsep naratif yang dikemukakan oleh Roland Barthes (1966) untuk membedah struktur teks. Lebih lanjut, artikel ini juga menggunakan studi postkolonial Homi Bhabha (1994) dan dibantu oleh konsep memori kolektif oleh Maurice Halbwachs (1992) dan konsep identitas individu Phillip Gleason (1983) untuk menganalisis rekonstruksi identitas yang terjadi pada karakter utama. Artikel ini menghasilkan beberapa temuan. Dua bahasa, Prancis dan Arab, yang digunakan dalam novel mempengaruhi perubahan identitas tokoh utama. Memori juga berperan dalam rekonstruksi identitas karakter utama. Artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa rekonstruksi identitas, pada akhirnya, meskipun dipengaruhi oleh bahasa dan ingatan, adalah kebebasan seseorang untuk memilih.

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Algerian literature began to develop after the Algerian war of independence, which was around the 1970s. Identity and freedom are the two main themes that are often raised in the literary works of Algerian writers. The problem of identity in the Algerian people arises due to French colonialism, one of which is in the form of the use of the country's two main languages, namely Arabic and French. This identity problem occurs due to the close relationship between French as a colonial language and the identity of the Algerian people themselves, which ultimately results in the reconstruction of the Algerian people's identity. This article discusses the identity reconstruction that occurs in the main character in the novel La Disparition de la langue française by Assia Djebar. This article is qualitative research using a literature review as the method. The analysis of this paper uses the narrative concept brought by Roland Barthes (1966) to dissect the structure of the text. Furthermore, this article also uses the post-colonial study of Homi Bhabha (1994) and assisted by the concept of collective memory by Maurice Halbwachs (1992) and the concept of individual identity of Phillip Gleason (1983) to analyze the reconstruction of identity that occurs in the main character. This article found several main findings. The two languages, French and Arabic, used in the novel affect the changes in the main character's identity. Memory also plays role in the identity reconstruction of the main character. This article concludes that identity reconstruction, at the end of the day, though affected by languages and memories, is one's freedom to choose."

"Inggris dan Prancis saling bersaing untuk mempertahankan hegemoninya di Kanada, salah satunya lewat bahasa. Bahasa digunakan oleh masyarakat Frankofon sebagai identitas diri dan alat untuk bertahan dari dominasi Inggris. Penelitian ini akan mengkaji usaha-usaha L’Office Québécois De La Langue Française (Lembaga Bahasa Prancis Quebec, diterjemahkan oleh penulis) untuk menyikapi fenomena Anglicisme di Quebec. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif Creswell (2010), pendekatan sejarah dan studi pustaka. Penelitian menunjukkan adanya kebijakan-kebijakan bahasa yang dikeluarkan dan keputusan yang diambil oleh L’Office Québécois de la Langue Française terhadap Anglicisme. Resistensi L’Office Québécois de la Langue Français dapat dilihat melalui kebijakan-kebijakan dan sikap tegas lembaga ini dalam mempertahankan kedaulatan bahasa Prancis terhadap Anglicisme sesuai dengan isi dari la loi 101. Pembuatan program-program guna mempromosikan bahasa Prancis di Quebec dan Revisi kebijakan Politique de l'emprunt linguistique dinilai menjadi salah satu strategi yang digunakan L’Office Québécois de la Langue Française agar masyarakat kembali percaya dan tidak mencitrakan lembaga ini sebagai lembaga yang konservatif dan anti-Inggris. Seiring Anglicisme adalah sulit untuk dihindarkan. sebab bahasa akan terus berkembang dan mengalami pembaharuan mengikuti perkembangan zaman. Pemerintah membuat kebijakan-kebijakan bahasa dan promosi bahasa Prancis untuk tetap mempertahankan kedaulatan bahasa Prancis dan menjaga nilai bilingualisme.

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Being the two main settler-colonizers of Canada, the English and the French compete with each other to maintain their hegemony in Canada in many ways, one of which is using language. Language used by the francophone community as a tool of self-identity and cultural identity against the British domination. This research aims to show L'Office Québécoise De La Langue Française's efforts to cope with Anglicism in Quebec. This study uses the qualitative research method of Creswell (2010), historical approach, and literature study by describing the language policies issued and decisions taken by L'Office Québécoise de la Langue Française regarding Anglicism. The attempts to protect the dignity of the French language can be seen through the policies and firm stance of L'Office Québécoise de la Langue Française in defending the sovereignty of the French language against Anglicism based on la Loi 101, and the creation of programs to promote French in Quebec. In the end, we will see that the revised Politique de l'emprunt Linguistique policy is considered to be one of the strategies used by L'Office Québécoise de la Langue Française to negate the popular belief that this institution is conservative and anti-British. Anglicism is inevitable, since language will continue to evolve and develop. The government creates language policies and promotes the French language in order to maintain the sovereignty of the French language and the value of bilingualism."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."

"This white paper is part of a series that promotes knowledge about language technology and its potential. This analysis focused on the 23 official European languages as well as other important national and regional languages in Europe. The results of this analysis suggest that there are many significant research gaps for each language. A more detailed expert analysis and assessment of the current situation will help maximise the impact of additional research and minimize any risks. META-NET consists of 54 research centres from 33 countries that are working with stakeholders from commercial businesses, government agencies, industry, research organisations, software companies, technology providers and European universities. Together, they are creating a common technology vision while developing a strategic research agenda that shows how language technology applications can address any research gaps by 2020."