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"Atlas of conducted electrical weapon wounds and forensic analysis provides a comprehensive publication on the subject of Conducted Electrical Weapon (CEW) wounds and signature markings created by this class of weapon. This volume will serve as a very useful resource for all professions tasked with assisting persons that have allegedly been subjected to a CEW exposure. The volume provides an introduction to basic CEW technology and the types of CEWs currently available. It also serves as a comprehensive pictorial atlas of signature markings that CEW exposures make in the immediate and more remote post-exposure periods. Also, it discusses the ability of forensic specialty examinations of the CEW itself to aid in the determination of whether the alleged CEW exposure is consistent with the objective evidence and the subjective statements. Finally, this text addresses the important and growing area of factitious CEW markings that will be useful for consideration by investigators and litigators. "

"Skripsi ini akan menganalisa Sistem Persenjataan Otomatis Mematikan/Lethal Auotonomous Weapons Systems (LAWS), suatu sistem senjata baru yang dapat beroperasi tanpa campur tangan manusia. Analisa terhadap LAWS didasari pada prinsip dasar hukum humaniter, yaitu prinsip pembedaan dan proporsionalitas, serta aturan dasar persenjataan, yaitu Larangan Indiscriminate Weapons, Larangan Pengguaan Senjata yang mengakibatkan Superfluous Injury dan Unncessary Suffering, dan Klausa Martens. Penelitian ini bersumber dari studi kepustakaan dengan metode yuridis normatif. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlu dibuat suatu ketentuan yang bersifat pembatasan (restriction) terhadap pengembangan dan penggunaan LAWS.

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This undergraduate thesis seeks out to analyze the use of Lethal Autonomous Weapon System (LAWS), a newly-invented weapon system which is capable to elf-operate without any human intervention. Analysis of the LAWS is based on he basic principles of humanitarian laws, namely, principle of distinction and rinciple of proportionality, as well as basic weaponry rules, such as Prohibition n Indiscriminate Weapons, Prohohibitions on Weapons that cause Superfluous njury and Unncessary Suffering, and Martens Clause. The research comes from iterature study with normative juridical method. Based on this research, it can be oncluded that a provision of a restriction nature shall be made to regulate the evelopment and use of LAWS."

"Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik dari bead penghantar listrik tembaga NYM 3x1,5 yang telah mengalami gangguan hubung singkat listrik dan beban arus berlebih pada beban 800% dari kemampuan hantar arusnya (144 Ampere), serta oleh karena menerima panas dari nyala api langsung pada temperatur 960o C. Spesimen bead yang terbentuk dari akibat gangguan hubung singkat listrik, beban arus berlebih serta akibat pemanasan dengan nyala api langsung tersebut kemudian dilakukan pemeriksaan dan pengujian laboratorium yaitu: pemeriksaan komposisi kimia, pemeriksaan visual, pemeriksaan struktur makro dan strukturmikro, pengujian kekerasan dan pemeriksaan SEM-EDS. Perbedaan karakteristik manik-manik busur (bead) yang terbentuk pada kondisi hubung singkat listrik dan beban arus berlebih adalah pada kondisi hubung singkat listrik, titik kerusakan terlokalisasi pada titik tertentu yaitu pada titik kontak hubung singkat, sedangkan pada kondisi beban arus berlebih titik kerusakan terlokalisasi pada satu atau beberapa lokasi tertentu dari sepanjang kawat penghantar. Karakteristik makro dari manik-manik busur (bead) yang terbentuk pada kondisi hubung singkat listrik dan beban arus berlebih adalah mengandung banyak rongga (voids) serta terlihat jelas batas transisi antara bahan yang mencair/ resolidifikasi dengan bahan yang tidak mencairnya. Sedangkan karakteristik manik-manik berupa gumpalan yang terbentuk pada perlakuan pemanasan dengan nyala api langsung, tidak menunjukkan transisi yang tajam antara bahan yang mencair/ resolidifikasi. Struktur mikro manik-manik dari material kawat tembaga penghantar listrik NYM 3x1,5 pada kondisi perlakuan: hubung singkat, beban arus berlebih, dan pemanasan dengan nyala api langsung, adalah struktur dendritik dari fasa alfa (α).

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the bead formed due to short circuit, overload and direct flame treatment on NYM 3x1.5 copper power cable. Handling of short circuit and overload is carried out at a current load of 800% of the current carrying capacity (144 Amperes) and direct flame treatment is carried out at a temperature of 960 degrees Celsius. The bead specimens formed from each treatment were examined and tested in the laboratory: chemical composition examination, visual inspection, macro and micro structural examination, hardness testing, and SEM-EDS examination. The difference in the characteristics of the arc bead that is formed under short circuit conditions and overload is that in short circuit conditions the damage point is localized at a certain point, namely at the short circuit contact point, while under overload conditions the point damage is localized at one or several specific locations along the wire. The macro characteristic of arc beads formed under short-circuit and overload conditions is that they contain many cavities and a clear transition boundary between the melted/ re-solidified material and the non-melted material. While the characteristics of the granules in the form of globular formed in the direct flame treatment, do not show sharp transitions between melting/ re-solidified materials. The micro structure of NYM 3x1.5 beads of electrically conducting copper wire material under the treatment conditions: short circuit, overload and direct ignition, is an alpha (α) phase dendritic structure. "