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"[ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis desain pesawat perintis berpenumpang 19 berdasarkan aktivitas egress darurat pilot untuk menghasilkan rekomendasi desain pesawat perintis ergonomis yang mendukung aktivitas egress darurat pilot. Dihasilkan usulan konfigurasi dari pintu darurat, handle di bagian kokpit, serta foot step di bagian kokpit dan di bawah pintu darurat yang akan dianalisis. Pendekatan metode yang digunakan adalah metode digital human modelling dengan sistem penilaian PEI yang mengintegrasikan tiga metode yaitu Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi desain pintu darurat dengan tinggi 85.24 cm dan lebar 46.64 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bawah pintu darurat dengan ukuran panjang 26.6 cm, lebar 20 cm dan tinggi 10 cm; konfigurasi foot step di bagian luar badan kokpit berukuran panjang 10 cm dan lebar 22 cm; serta didapatkan juga hasil konfigurasi handle terbaik dari sisi ergonomi dengan ukuran tinggi 20 cm dan panjang 10 cm.ABSTRACTThis research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm., This research studies the ergonomics aspect 19-Passenger STOL (Short Takeoff and Landing) Utility Aircraft based on activities egress emergency pilot to get the recommendation of an ergonomic aircraft design that supports activities egress emergency pilot according to the Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) result. Researcher proposed configuration tools from emergency exit door, handle in the cockpit, foot step in the cockpit and below the emergency exit door to be analyzed, where the configuration of this tool is able to assist the pilot emergency egress. Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) was an approach that integrated the results of these three analysis methods Lowback Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. This research has some results, they are a configuration of emergency exit door with a height of 85.24 cm and wide of 46.64 cm; a configuration of foot step under the emergency exit door with a length of 26.6 cm, a width of 20 cm and a height of 10 cm; a configuration of foot step outside the cockpit with a length of 10 cm and a width of 22 cm; and also obtained the best results for a configuration of an ergonomic handle is 20 cm in height and a length is 10 cm.]"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain pintu darurat penumpangkendaraan tempur Armoured Personnel Carrier (APC) dalam VirtualEnvironment. Tujuannya adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual pintu daruratpenumpang kendaraan tempur dan menentukan konfigurasi paling ergonomisditinjau dari tinggi dan lebar pintu. Dihasilkan 7 buah konfigurasi yang akandianalisis. Pengambilan data gerakan dilakukan dengan menggunakan ViconSystem dan dianalisis dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.2.1. Pendekatan yangdigunakan adalah Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisisdari tiga metode analisis: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis,dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu adanya perubahantinggi pintu atas dan bawah sejauh 5cm dan lebar kanan dan kiri sejauh 5cm.

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AbstractThis research studies the ergonomic aspects of the armored personel vehicleemergency door design in a virtual environment. The purpose of this research wasto evaluate the design of actual personel emergency door of a combat vehicle andto determinine the most ergonomic configuration using door height and width asprimary consideration. From the research, seven configurations were made andanalyzed. Motion capturing of the model was taken using Vicon System andanalyzed using jack 6.2.1 software. Posture Evaluation Index was used tointergrated the analysis from three methods: Low Back Analysis, Ovako WorkingPosture Analysis System, and Rapid Upper Limb Analysis. The result of thisresearch suggested that minor modification is necessary from original design.Additional 5 cm was added to the width design, 5 cm on the left side and another5 cm on the right side of the door design"

"Lingkungan kerja dengan suhu tinggi merupakan salah satu faktor terpenting yang berdampak pada keselamatan kerja. Terdapat beberapa lingkungan kerja yang bersuhu tinggi dalam aktivitas industri maupun konstruksi di Indonesia. Bekerja di lingkungan yang panas dengan beban kerja yang berat tidak hanya sangat berbahaya bagi kesehatan pekerja, tetapi juga akan berakibat pada menurunnya tingkat konsentrasi dalam pelaksanaan kerja yang menyebabkan kecelakaan. Dalam penelitian ini, faktor suhu lingkungan dan beban kerja akan dianalisis untuk mengetahui pengaruh kedua faktor tersebut dan interaksinya terhadap konsentrasi pekerja. Pengkondisian suhu tinggi lingkungan kerja dilakukan di Heat and Cold Room Ergonomics Centre Universitas Indonesia. Sedangkan pembentukan beban kerja sesuai kategori yang diinginkan diidentifikasi melalui Fitmate Med. Uji inspeksi visual untuk mengetahui tingkat konsentrasi dilakukan pada setiap kombinasi perlakuan tekanan panas dan beban kerja yang berbeda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penurunan kemampuan inspeksi visual menurun dimulai pada pemberian suhu 29,4 oC dan beban kerja kategori berat.

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Thermal environment and workload factor are most important factors that have impact on worker‟s safety. There are many hot environment in the field of manufacture and construstion activities in Indonesia. Working in hot environment with heavy workload not only can extremely do harm to human body health, but also probably decrease level of concentration in the execution of the work that caused accident. In this study, heat stress and workload factors will be anayzed to determine the effect of both factors and their interactions to the concentration of workers. High temperature of environment conditioning conducted in Heat and Cold Room Ergonomics Centre, Uniersity of Indonesia. While establishment of the workload category identified through Fitmate Med. Visual inspection test to determine the level of concentration made on any combination of heat stress and workload. The results showed that the decrease in ability of visual inspection begins at 29,4 oC temperature and heavy workload category.

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Thermal environment and workload factor are most important factors that have impact on worker‟s safety. There are many hot environment in the field of manufacture and construstion activities in Indonesia. Working in hot environment with heavy workload not only can extremely do harm to human body health, but also probably decrease level of concentration in the execution of the work that caused accident. In this study, heat stress and workload factors will be anayzed to determine the effect of both factors and their interactions to the concentration of workers. High temperature of environment conditioning conducted in Heat and Cold Room Ergonomics Centre, Uniersity of Indonesia. While establishment of the workload category identified through Fitmate Med. Visual inspection test to determine the level of concentration made on any combination of heat stress and workload. The results showed that the decrease in ability of visual inspection begins at 29,4 oC temperature and heavy workload category."

"Penelitian dilakukan pada objek gerobak sampah manual yang beroperasi di wilayah Jakarta Barat. Terhadap objek tersebut dilakukan analisis ergonomi yang memanfaatkan metode LBA, OWAS, dan RULA yang diintegrasikan melalui perhitungan Posture Evaluation Index (PEI). Analisis memanfaatkan simulasi dalam virtual environment berdasarkan data antropometri dan postur kerja yang ada di lapangan, serta rekomendasi menurut studi literatur. Simulasi kerja diolah menggunakan software NX 6 dan Jack 6.1. Hasil akhir adalah berupa parameter desain gerobak sampah terkait ketinggian handle dan kestabilan gerobak yang dapat mengurangi resiko musculoskeletal disorder pada operator gerobak sampah.

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This study focused on the ergonomic aspect of manual garbage operation in west Jakarta. Ergonomic analysis was performed utilizing methods of LBA, OWAS, and RULA which are integrated in Posture Evaluation Index. The analysis was done based on existing antrhopometry and posture data with the recommendation built based on literature study. Then they were simulated in virtual environment using software NX 6 and Jack 6.1. The final output of this study includes best handle height among recommendation options and cart stabilization which can reduce musculoskeletal disorder risk for garbage cart operators."

"ABSTRAKBiomechanical energy-harvester merupakan suatu perangkat yang menangkap energi potensial yang dihasilkan selama pergerakan manusia untuk dikonversikan menjadi energi listrik. Sustainable Energy Floor (SEF) merupakan suatu biomechanical energy-harvester yang akan dikembangkan dan diaplikasikan pada lobi gedung K Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia. Sebagai langkah awal dalam mengembangkan SEF, maka pada penelitian ini dilakukan analisis biomekanik dari kegiatan berjalan untuk menentukan atribut design SEF. Data dalam penelitian ini diperoleh dari eksperimen yang diadakan di laboratorium Ergonomics Centre Departemen Teknik Industri Universitas Indonesia dengan menggunakan force plate sebagai alat ukur utama, dengan responden civitas academica pria berusia 19-35 tahun di FT UI. Eksperimen dirancang dengan general factorial design dan melibatkan dua macam faktor, yaitu lantai dan alas kaki. Respon yang diukur dalam penelitian ini terdapat tiga macam, yaitu Ground Reaction Forces (GRF), Energi Potensial, dan Required Coefficient of Friction (RCOF). Selain itu, dalam penelitian ini juga dilakukan evaluasi tingkat ketidaknyamanan dengan menggunakan skala Borg. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa atribut design yang dipilih untuk SEF adalah perubahan ketinggian lantai sedalam 5 cm karena menghasilkan gaya vertikal dan Energi Potensial tertinggi dibandingkan perubahan ketinggian lantai lainnya. Selain itu, RCOF yang dihasilkan oleh lantai dengan perubahan ketinggian sedalam 5 cm masih lebih kecil dari koefisien gesek material porcelain sehingga lantai tersebut masih aman digunakan.

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ABSTRACTBiomechanical energy-harvester is a device that captures potential energy generated during human movement to be converted into electrical energy. Sustainable Energy Floor (SEF) is a biomechanical energy-harvester that would be developed and applied at the lobby of K building Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Indonesia. As an initial step in developing SEF, this research analyzed the biomechanics of walking activities to determine the design attributes of SEF. The data in this study were obtained from experiments conducted in the laboratory of Ergonomics Centre, Industrial Engineering Department, Universitas Indonesia using force plate as the primary measurement tool. Experiments designed with the general factorial design involving two kinds of factors, namely the floor and footwear. There are three kinds of responses that were measured in this study, including Ground Reaction Forces (GRF), Potential Energy, and the Required Coefficient of Friction (RCOF). In addition, this study also evaluated the level of discomfort using the Borg’s scale. The results showed that the selected design attributes for SEF is the floor whose height is changing about 5 cm, because it can generate the highest vertical force and potential energy compared to other floors. In addition, RCOF generated by this attribute is still smaller than the available coefficient of friction of porcelain, so that the floor with this attribute is safe to use."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain kabin pengemudi kendaraan tempur tipe Armored Personnel Carrier menggunakan model Virtual Environment. Tujuannya adalah mengevaluasi desain aktual kabin pengemudi kendaraan tempur dan menentukan konfigurasi paling ergonomis ditinjau dari kemiringan kursi, ketinggian kursi, dan jarak pedal akselerator dan rem dari kursi tanpa mengabaikan spesifikasi standar militer. Dihasilkan 18 buah konfigurasi yang akan dianalisis. Pengambilan data kebiasaan postur dilakukan dengan observasi langsung pada personil TNI dan kemudian direkonstruksi dan di lakukan analisis menggunakan menggunakan software Jack 6.1. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisis dari tiga metode analisis: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian berupa usulan konfigurasi kabin pengemudi yang ergonomis bagi personil TNI.

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This research studies the ergonomic aspect of the driver cabin of Armored Personnel Carrier (APC) using virtual environment model. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the actual design of the driver cabin of combat vehicle and determine the most ergonomic configuration which concerns on seat angle, seat height, and the distance between seat and accelerator and brake pedals without compromising military specification standard. There are 18 configuration models that are made and analyzed in this study. Actual driving postures of military personnel are being observed and reconstructed on virtual environment using to be analyzed using Jack 6.1 software task analysis toolkits which are Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. The analysis result was integrated using Posture Evaluation Index approach. The purpose of this study is to design an ergonomic driver cabin models for Indonesian Army personnel."

"Kegiatan secara repetitif yang dilakukan oleh pengemudi bus serta berada dalam posisi duduk yang berkepanjangan di kabin pengemudi bus yang tidak sesuai dengan antropometri pengemudi merupakan faktor yang menyebabkan pengemudi bus mengalami gangguan musculoskeletal disorder. Penelitian ini membahas tentang perancangan desain kabin pengemudi bus PHL (Patas Hyno Long) AK3HR yang ergonomis dalam lingkungan virtual dengan menggunakan software Jack 6.1. Hasil penelitian ini berupa desain kabin pengemudi bus yang ergonomis berdasarkan nilai (Posture Evaluation Index) PEI dan hasil analisis comfort assessment. Sehingga didapat desain kabin pengemudi yang dapat mengurangi resiko timbulnya gangguan musculoskeletal disorder pada pengemudi.

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Repetitive activity, prolonged sitting, and anthropometric mismatch were perceived to be most related to musculoskeletal disorder in bus drivers. This study discusses about design of ergonomic bus driver?s cab PHL (Patas Hyno Long) AK3HR in the virtual environment by using software Jack 6.1. The result of this study is design ergonomic driver?s cab based on Posture Evaluation Index score and comfort assessment analysis. By ergonomic bus driver?s cab, the risk of musculoskeletal disorder among bus driver will decreased."

"Penggunaan kendaraan umum saat ini mengalami penurunan, salah satunya karena interiornya yang kurang nyaman. Komponen kabin penumpang terasa kurang ergonomis/ tidak sesuai dengan anthropometri penumpang, yang juga dapat mengakibatkan gangguan skeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk merancang ulang komponen kabin penumpang bus, yaitu kursi, tangga, dan layout kabin sehingga lebih ergonomis (nyaman, aman, dan sehat) bagi penumpang. Penelitian dilakukan dengan mensimulasikan kondisi awal dan usulan pada software Jack 6.1, untuk dianalisis nilai ergonominya. Untuk desain layout kabin, dirancang ulang menurut standar perhitungan ergonomi. Hasil akhir penelitian adalah usulan rancangan kabin penumpang bus berupa desain kursi, tangga, dan layout kabin yang ergonomis.

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Recently, the use of public transportations has declined. One of the causes is because uncomfortable vehicles? design. Passengers cabin not ergonomically designed/mismatch with passengers? anthropometry, which can cause skeletal disorder. This study aim to re-design public bus cabin, which components are seats, stairs, and the layout, so it can be more ergonomic (comfortable, safe, and healthy) for passengers. Existing and proposed cabin components simulated in Jack 6.1 software to analyze its ergonomic indexes. For cabin layout, re-designing is based on ergonomic standard calculation. Results of this study are comprehensive ergonomic design of passenger bus seats, stairs, and cabin layout."

"Penelitian ini mengkaji aspek ergonomis pada desain kabin pengemudi panser kanon dalam Virtual Environment. Tujuannya adalah mengevaluasi desain awal kabin pengemudi dan menentukan konfigurasi paling ergonomis ditinjau dari sudut tuas kemudi, sudut kursi, dan kemiringan kursi. Dihasilkan 9 buah konfigurasi yang akan dianalisis. Analisa postur menggunakan software Jack 6.1. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah Posture Evaluation Index (PEI) yang mengintegrasikan analisis dari tiga metode analisis: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Posture Analysis, dan Rapid Upper Limb Assessment. Hasil penelitian ini yaitu usulan konfigurasi dengan sudut tuas kemudi 45o, sudut kursi 105o, dan kemiringan kursi 15o.

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This research studies the ergonomic aspect from driver?s compartment of panser cannon in Virtual Environment. The purpose of this project was to evaluated the actual design driver?s compartment and determine the most ergonomic configuration that concern at steering wheel angle, chair angle, and chair slope. Jack 6.2.1 was used to analyze posture. Posture Evaluation Index was an approach that integrated the results of these tree methods: Low Back Analysis, Ovako Working Analysis System, and Rapud Upper Limb Analysis. The results are configuration with 45o on steering wheel angle, 105o on chair angle, and 15o on chair slope."

"Kebutuhan produksi alas kaki dengan target harian yang telah ditetapkan mengharuskan pekerja bekerja dengan maksimal agar target dapat tercapai. Namun, aktivitas pekerjaan pada Usaha Mikro Kecil dan Menengah (UMKM) pengrajin alas kaki seperti melakukan pekerjaan dengan posisi duduk, membungkuk, leher menekuk, serta dalam waktu kerja yang lama dan tidak menentu dapat menimbulkan nyeri yang mengarah pada kondisi keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor risiko individu, faktor risiko pekerjaan, faktor risiko lingkungan kerja, dan faktor risiko peralatan kerja terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada pekerja UMKM pengrajin alas kaki di Kecamatan Ciomas. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Keluhan gangguan musculoskeletal dinilai dengan lembar penilaian Nordic Muskuloskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ). Faktor risiko individu dinilai melalui kuesioner karakteristik responden, dan antropometri dilakukan pengukuran menggunakan meteran. Kemudian faktor risiko pekerjaan dinilai menggunakan lembar Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC). Lalu faktor risiko lingkungan kerja dinilai dengan pengukuran suhu menggunakan WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) meter dan pengukuran pencahayaan menggunakan lux meter. Sedangkan faktor risiko peralatan kerja dinilai dengan mengukur workstation dan disesuaikan dengan standar antropometri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 84,7% responden mengalami keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal. Hasil penelitian pada faktor risiko individu menunjukkan ada hubungan yang signifikan antara perilaku merokok dengan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada bahu. Hasil penelitian faktor risiko pekerjaan menunjukkan ada hubungan antara tingkat pajanan risiko punggung terhadap keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada leher. Hasil pengukuran faktor risiko lingkungan kerja menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan signifikan dengan keluhan gangguan muskuloskeletal secara umum. Hasil pengukuran peralatan kerja pada workstation menunjukkan bahwa hanya terdapat beberapa workstation yang sesuai dengan standar antropometri yaitu meja open pada UMKM 4,5, dan 8, mesin jahit, dan meja finishing pada UMKM 8.

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The need for footwear production with predetermined daily target requires worker to work optimally so the target can be achieved. However, work activity on footwear Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) such as sitting work position, bending down, neck bend, long duration of work and uncertain can cause pain that lead to musculoskeletal disorder complaint. This research aim to analyze individual risk factors, occupational risk factors, work environment risk factors, and work equipment risk factors against musculoskeletal disorder complaint on footwear MSMEs workers in Ciomas district. This research using cross sectional study design. Complain of musculoskeletal disorder were assessed using the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnnaire (NMQ). Individual risk factors through a questionnaire of respondent’s characteristics, and anthropometry were assessed by measuring tape. Occupational risk factors were assessed using the Quick Exposure Checklist (QEC). Then, work environment risk factors were assessed by measuring temperature using a WBGT (Wet Bulb Globe Temperature) meter and measuring lighting using a lux meter. While work equipment risk factors were assessed by measuring workstation and adjusted to anthropometric standards. The result of the research showed that 84,7% of respondent have a musculoskeletal disorder complaint. The result on individual risk factors showed that there was a significant relationship between smoking behavior and musculoskeletal disorder complaint on shoulder. The result on occupational risk factors showed that there was a significant relationship between back risk exposure level to musculoskeletal disorder complaint on neck. The result on work environment risk factors showed that there was no significant relationship with musculoskeletal disorder complaint in general. The result of measuring work equipment risk factors on workstations show that there are only a few workstations that comply with anthropometric standard, there are open’s table on 4th,5th, and 8th’s MSME, sewing machines, and finishing table’s at 8th MSME."