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"This thesis presents results of Submillimeter Array (SMA) and Very Large Array (VLA) studies of massive star formation regions in the early stages of ionization, as well as an analysis of numerical simulations of the evolution of these young HII regions. The results favor a picture in which very massive stars form in accretion flows that are partially ionized and that keep accreting material from their environment."

"Starburst regions in nearby and distant galaxies have a profound impact on our understanding of the early universe. This new, substantially updated and extended edition of Norbert Schulz’s unique book "From Dust to Stars" describes complex physical processes involved in the creation and early evolution of stars. It illustrates how these processes reveal themselves from radio wavelengths to high energy X-rays and gamma–rays, with special reference towards high energy signatures. Several sections devoted to key analysis techniques demonstrate how modern research in this field is pursued and new chapters are introduced on massive star formation, proto-planetary disks and observations of young exoplanets. Recent advances and contemporary research on the theory of star formation are explained, as are new observations, specifically from the three great observatories of the Spitzer Space Telescope, the Hubble Space Telescope and the Chandra X-Ray Observatory which all now operate at the same time and make high resolution space based observing in its prime. As indicated by the new title two new chapters have been included on proto-planetary disks and young exoplanets. Many more colour images illustrate attractive old and new topics that have evolved in recent years. "

"The aim of this symposium was to bring together these two groups to exchange ideas and new results on the many evolutionary aspects of and open issues concerning dwarf galaxies. The main topics addressed include, the birth of dwarf galaxies: theoretical concepts and observable relics across wavelengths and time, the morphological, structural and chemical evolution of dwarf galaxies, possible evolutionary connections between early-type and late-type dwarfs, the star formation history of dwarf galaxies and its dependence on intrinsic and environmental properties, the origin and implications of starburst activity in dwarf galaxies, the fate of dwarfish systems born out of tidally ejected matter in galaxy collisions."

"Perubahan sifat-sifat batuan seperti porositas, densitas, saturasi dan lain-lain terefleksikan oleh perubahan impedansi seismik. Seperti diketahui, inversi seismik memungkinkan kita untuk mencari korelasinya pada domain impedansi, yang secara unik sering mencirikan perubahan sifat-sifat batuan. Namun demikian, analisa dari seismic inversi full stack gelombang-P membawa kita pada kesimpulan yang membingungkan pada banyak situasi explorasi.Dengan melakukan inversi simultan, kita diarahkan pada interpretasi hasil inversi yang lebih pasti dimana kita dapat mengestimasi densitas, impedansi P dan S yang memberikan respon yang cukup berbeda dalam memisahkan pengaruh lithology dan fluida. Dengan menggunakan konsep matematika inversi AVO, inversi simultan menggunakan data partial angle stack yang kemudian diinversikan secara bersamaan menggunakan wavelet yang di extract dari setiap offset.Kemudian dengan mengkombinasikan parameter-parameter ini dengan teknik analisa rock physics yang dapat digunakan sebagai alat untuk memprediksi distribusi lithology, porositas dan saturasi.Kemudian parameter-parameter ini juga dapat ditransformasikan menjadi Lambda-Rho yang dapat digunakan sebagai indikator kandungan fluida di pori batuan. Akhirnya dengan menganalisa peta distribusi sifat batuan yang di overlay dengan peta struktur dan sumur produksi, kita dapat mengidentifikasi area potensial untuk strategi pengembangan lebih lanjut untuk mengoptimalkan pengurasan hidrokarbon pada area studi.

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The change of lateral rock properties such as porosity, density, fluid saturation etc are reflected in seismic impedance changing. It is known widely that seismic inversion allows us for correlation investigation in the impedance domain which often highlights uniquely the change of rock properties. However the analysis of the early P-wave fullstack seismic inversion data alone can lead to ambiguous conclusions in many exploration situations.

Answering this problem, performing simultaneous inversion will bring us to a less ambiguous interpretation of our inversion results in which we are able to estimate Density, P and S-impedance which have sufficiently different response to discriminate fluid and lithology effects. Utilizing the mathematical concept of AVO inversion, simultaneous inversion use partial angle stack data which can be inverted simultaneously using wavelet extracted from each offset.

Later, these parameters combined with rock physics technique analysis can be used as a tool to predict sand, porosity and saturation distribution. Also, they can be transformed to Lambda-Rho (λρ) that is used for pore fluid content indicator. Finally by analyzing the rock properties distribution map overlaid by structure map and producer well, we can identify the potential area for further development strategy to optimize the hydrocarbon recovery of the study area."

"ABSTRACTUG Massive formation is the main reservoir of Javaz field, oil and gasproducing field, situated in West Natuna Basin. The use of acoustic impedance (PImpedance)only to characterize reservoir hydrocarbon in this field will lead us intolarge uncertainty. Therefore, to overcome that issue, Seismic Simultaneous Inversionmethod is used at Javaz field within UG Massive formation interval. This method isapplied as an alternative method to predict the pore gas (Lambda-Rho) and porositydistribution, using partial post stack 3D seismic data which are invertedsimultaneously; then Javaz-4 well data which will be used as a reference well forpredicting reservoir properties in other wells at Javaz field.Seismic Simultaneous Inversion method resulted Javaz-3 well has similarreservoir properties as studied in Javaz-4 well. However, Javaz-1A and Javaz-2showed different result caused by large uncertainty in seismic resolution (poor qualityseismic data). Porosity and pore gas prediction suggested around 20 to 30 percent and13 to 18 GPa*g/cc respectively, throughout the field. Hence, this method could beused as an alternative to predict UG Massive reservoir properties in Javaz field awayfrom the wells, and it could be applied to the same field with large uncertainty.

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ABSTRAKFormasi UG Massive merupakan reservoar utama pada lapangan Javaz,lapangan ini memproduksi minyak dan gas dan berada pada cekungan Natuna Barat.Study yang dilakukan untuk mengkarakterisasi reservoir hydrocarbon pada lapanganini jika hanya menggunakan akustik impedance (P-Impedance) saja akanmenimbulkan ketidakpastian, untuk mengatasi hal ini maka metode Seismicsimultaneous inversion digunakan pada lapangan Javaz dengan target formasi UGMassive. Metode ini digunakan sebagai alternative untuk memprediksi sebaran poregas (Lambd-Rho) dan porositas, dengan menggunakan partial post stack 3D seismicdata yang di inversikan secara bersamaan dan satu sumur (Javaz-4) data yangdigunakan sebagai kontrol untuk kemudian dijadikan acuan dalam memprediksikarakter reservoir para area sumur lainnya.Dengan menggunakan metode Seismic simultaneous inversion ini, makadidapatkan hasil prediksi karakter reservoir pada sumur Javaz-3 yang memilikikarakter mendekati sumur Javaz-4 pada formasi utama, namun tidak demikian untuksumur Javaz-2 dan Javaz-1A. Untuk perkiraan sebaran porositas maupun pore gasdidapatkan hasil yang cukup baik, dengan nilai porositas berkisar antara 20% hingga30% dan pore gas (Lambda-Rho) yang berkisar antara 13 (GPa*g/cc) hingga 18(GPa*g/cc). Dari hasil study ini maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa metode ini dapatdigunakan sebagai alternative untuk memprediksi karakter reservoar pada formasiUG Massive."

"Buku ini berisi mengenai cerita pendek yang ditulis oleh Nikolai Gribachev. Ada 4 cerita pendek yang dimuat dalam buku ini."

"This book summarizes the gathering of information on and the growing understanding of M33 from the 1920s, when Hubble first determined its true nature, to the 21st century, when the Hubble Telescope probed deeply into its many secrets. With its regular symmetrical spiral structure, and its being not tilted too much and near enough to allow detailed studies of its stars, M33 is well-suited for the study of a typical spiral galaxy. In this work, Paul Hodge places current research on M33 (and similar galaxies) in both historical and global perspectives."