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"Because lithium is the least dense elemental metal, materials scientists and engineers have been working for decades to develop a commercially viable aluminum-lithium (Al-Li) alloy that would be even lighter and stiffer than other aluminum alloys. The first two generations of Al-Li alloys tended to suffer from several problems, including poor ductility and fracture toughness; unreliable properties, fatigue and fracture resistance; and unreliable corrosion resistance.Now, new third generation Al-Li alloys with significantly reduced lithium content and other improvements are promising a revival for Al-Li applications in modern aircraft and aerospace vehicles. Over the last few years, these newer Al-Li alloys have attracted increasing global interest for widespread applications in the aerospace industry largely because of soaring fuel costs and the development of a new generation of civil and military aircraft. This contributed book, featuring many of the top researchers in the field, is the first up-to-date international reference for Al-Li material research, alloy development, structural design and aerospace systems engineering."

"Contents : - Chapter 1: Introduction - Chapter 2: Aluminum casting alloys - Chapter 3: Aluminum casting processes - Chapter 4: The effects of microstructure on properties - Chapter 5: The influence and control of porosity and inclusions in aluminum Castings - Chapter 6: Hot isostatic processing - Chapter 7: Heat treatment of aluminum castings - Chapter 8: Properties and performance of aluminum castings - Data Set 1: Aging response curves - Data Set 2: Growth curves - Data Set 3: Stress-strain curves - Data Set 4: Tensile properties at high and low temperatures and at room- Temperature after high-temperature exposure - Data Set 5: Creep rupture properties - Data Set 6: Rotating-beam reversed-bending fatigue curves - Appendix 1: Glossary of terms - Appendix 2: Abbreviations and symbols - Appendix 3: Test specimen drawings - Subject index - Alloy index "

"Powder metallurgy (PM) is a popular metal forming technology used to produce dense and precision components. Different powder and component forming routes can be used to create an end product with specific properties for a particular application or industry. Advances in powder metallurgy explores a range of materials and techniques used for powder metallurgy and the use of this technology across a variety of application areas.Part one discusses the forming and shaping of metal powders and includes chapters on atomisation techniques, electrolysis and plasma synthesis of metallic nanopowders. Part two goes on to highlight specific materials and their properties including advanced powdered steel alloys, porous metals and titanium alloys. Part three reviews the manufacture and densification of PM components and explores joining techniques, process optimisation in powder component manufacturing and non-destructive evaluation of PM parts. Finally, part four focusses on the applications of PM in the automotive industry and the use of PM in the production of cutting tools and biomaterials."

"This comprehensive reference offers experimental and theoretical information on the physical and chemical properties of nanoalloys, covering growth and structural properties, thermodynamics and electronic structure and magnetic, optic and catalytic properties. "

"Telah dilakukan fabrikasi alloy hasil rekayasa fasa magnetik dengan cara substitusi parsial atom praseodymium (Pr) oleh atom dysprosium (Dy) pada fasa magnetik utama Pr2Fe14B sehingga membentuk fasa subsitusi (Pr,Dy)2Fe14B untuk meningkatkan nilai koersivitas intrinsiknya (JHc). Pada kegiatan penelitian ini telah dilakukan fabrikasi alloy magnet permanen komposisi (Pr15-xDyx)Fe77B8 dimana nilai x divariasi x = 0,1,2 dan 3 (wt.%) melalui proses peleburan menggunakan alat arc-melting. Ingot hasil peleburan dikapsulasi menggunakan tabung kuarsa dengan solusi argon melalui proses vacuum sealing system dengan tingkat kevacuuman 4x10-5 mBar dan tekanan argon 0,21 mBar. Ingot dalam kapsul kuarsa dianil pada temperature 9000C selama 24 jam. Ingot hasil anil dihaluskan menggunakan disk-mill dalam waktu singkat sekitar 15 detik dilanjutkan dengan penghalusan menggunakan planetary ball mill dengan variasi waktu 8,10,12 dan 15 jam dalam kondisi basah menggunakan toluene untuk meminimalkan terjadinya oksidasi. Hasil pengujian karakteristik intrinsik terhadap ingot alloy (Pr15-xDyx)Fe77B8 dengan variasi x=0,1,2,3 menggunakan alat permagraph berupa BH-Loop menunjukkan hasil terbaik adalah yang dimilling 10 jam dan menunjukkan setiap penambahan Dy dapat meningkatkan nilai koersivitas jHc. Sampel magnet dengan komposisi x=0,1,2,3 memiliki nilai JHc masing-masing 140, 210, 270 dan 370 (kA/m), nilai magnetisasi remanen Mr = 0,27, 0,33, 0,32 dan 0,33 Tesla dan nilai produk energi maksimum (BH)maks masing-masing sebesar 35,81, 54,11, 89,13, dan 119,37 kJ/m3. Disimpulkan bahwa subsitusi Dy terhadap Pr dalam alloy (Pr15-xDyx)Fe77B8 meningkatkan nilai koersivitas sampel magnet tepat digunakan untuk pembuatan magnet permanen koersivitas tinggi.

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Alloys have been fabricated by partial substitution of praseodymium (Pr) atom with dysprosium (Dy) in the main magnetic phase Pr2Fe14B to form Dy substituted Pr2Fe14B phase to increase the intrinsic coercivity (JHc). In this study, alloys (Pr15-xDyx)Fe77B8 of x = 0.1,2 and 3 (wt.%) compositions were fabricated through the arc-melting process. The ingot was encapsulated using a quartz tube through a vacuum sealing off system with a vacuum level of 4x10-5 mBar and an argon gas pressure of 0.21 mBar. The encapsulated ingot was annealed at a temperature of 900 0C for 24 hours. The annealed ingot was disk-milled for a short period of time about 15 seconds, followed by mechanical milling using a planetary ball mill for 8,10,12 and 15 hours in wet conditions using toluene to minimize the oxidation. Magnetic properties of samples, which evaluated by Permagraph showed that the best results were obtained from samples made of powder materials after milling for 10 hours. It is found that the addition of Dy increased the coercivity of magnet samples. The coercivity of sample with x = 0,1,2,3 was 140, 210, 270 and 370 kA/m respectyivelly. The respective remanence Mr of samples was 0.27, 0.33, 0.32 and 0.33 Te and the maximum energy product (BH)max was 35.81, 54.11, 89.13, and 119, 37 kJ/m3. It is concluded that the substitution of Dy for Pr in (Pr15-xDyx)Fe77B8 alloys is effective to increase the coercivity lead to high coercivity permanent magnets"