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"India's female employment and labour force participation have been declining since the mid-2000s. Kerala, traditionally its best-performing state on these indicators, has done worse than the country as a whole. This article examines the shifts that occurred in Kerala's female employment and participation between 2004 and 2012, by household income level, age group, level of education and occupational category. Those dropping out of the labour market are typically young, educated women qualified for professional occupations, suggesting a discouragement effect exacerbated by widening gender pay differentials in top occupations. These shifts have obliterated some of the hitherto defining features of Kerala's labour market."

"Using Eurostat data for 2007, 2010 and 2012, the authors examine the effects of the 2008 crisis on the situation of male and female workers in Italy, Ireland and Portugal, with particular attention to changing labour market dynamics, (intra-household) employment patterns, and incomes. The gender gaps in employment, unemployment and precarious employment are narrowing, but this trend cannot be interpreted as progress toward gender equality: it is driven by men's increasingly vulnerable position resulting from the generalized deterioration of labour market conditions, including the growth of precarious and/or low-paid employment, unemployment and poverty to the detriment of household living standards."

"In the developing world, standard measures of occupational segregation by sex may be deeply misleading because of structural, cultural and historical differences between developing countries and the developed countries that often feature in studies of segregation. In Jamaica in particular, the legacy of slavery has made female labour an integral part of the workforce for centuries ? whereas large-scale female participation in the developed countries can only be measured in decades. The authors find that the country's large, undifferentiated pools of unskilled labour ironically translate into lower levels of occupational segregation, with women outpacing men in the professional categories."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan tenagakerja pada industri tekstil dan produk tekstil (TPT) Indonesia. Penelitian dengan menggunakan analisis data panel terhadap enam daerah provinsi di Jawa dan Bali dari tahun 1985-2009. Hasil studi memperlihatkan bahwa kebijakan upah minimum berpengaruh lebih besar terhadap permintaan tenagakerja pada industri tekstil dibanding industri pakaian jadi. Faktor lainnya yang mempengaruhi permintaan tenagakerja industri TPT adalah produktivitas, output industri dan pengeluaran industri untuk modal (kapital).

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ABSTRACTThis thesis explores some factor whict influence labour demand on textile and textile product industry (TPT) in Indonesia. The research using econometric analysis of data panel on 6 region in Java and Bali period 1985-2009. The results of study showed that minimum wages policy has bigger influence on labour demand in textile industry compared to labour demand in garment industry. Other factors that influence labour demand of TPT industry in observation areas are productivity, output and industry capital expenditure."

"In a report released in 2006, the ILO highlighted the difficultties of labour inspection in its member states and advocated a number of measures to strengthen its effectivenes...."

"The 18th International conference of labour statisticians was convened at the end of 2008. Its agenda featured, inter alia, the measurement of working time, child labour, decent work, labour underutilization and valunteer work...."

"Globalisasi dan neoliberalisasi secara global telah menciptakan bentuk ekonomi transnasional yang baru dengan tingkat integrasi ekonomi antar negara yang transformatif terhadap ekonomiekonomi nasional. Salah satu aspek ekonomi yang terpengaruh berkat kebijakan-kebijakan neoliberal adalah ketenagakerjaan dan pasar tenaga kerja, utamanya karena meningkatnya kompetisi ekonomi global mendorong firma-firma untuk menekan ongkos melalui relokasi situs produksi di wilayah dengan ongkos produksi yang lebih murah, yaitu di negara-negara Selatan. Namun, fenomena tersebut telah mendorong masuknya pekerja perempuan secara masif pada ketenagakerjaan berbayar atau yang lalu disebut sebagai feminisasi kerja, suatu hal yang merefleksikan aspek tergender (gendered) dalam pasar tenaga kerja dan ketenagakerjaan secara umum. Maka dari itu, perspektif feminis digunakan untuk menganalisis bagaimana pasar tenaga kerja dan ketenagakerjaan yang tergender membentuk suatu fenomena feminisasi kerja. Tugas karya akhir ini menilik 38 literatur dalam perspektif feminis yang sensitif terhadap aspek gender dalam institusi, diskursus, hingga hubungan Utara-Selatan yang berhubungan dengan feminisasi kerja. Literatur-literatur yang telah dikumpulkan lalu dikategorisasikan pada tiga tema besar menggunakan metode tipologi, yaitu (1) feminisasi kerja dalam perspektif ekonomi politik, (2) feminisasi kerja dalam perspektif gender, dan (3) implikasi feminisasi kerja. Penulis menemukan bahwa perspektif feminis liberal dan feminis poststruktural menjadi basis dari literatur mengenai feminisasi kerja yang lalu menggambarkan feminisasi kerja sebagai proses yang dinamis dan berperan dalam membentuk tren global mengenai ketenagakerjaan, serta mencakup beberapa fenomena yang saling berkelindan dengan globalisasi sebagai pusatnya.

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Globalization and neoliberalization globally has created a new form of transnational economy with a level of economic integration that is transformative towards national economies. One of the sectors of economy that is influenced is labour and the labour market, especially because the increasing economic competition globally has pushed firms to cut their costs through relocating production sites in areas where the cost of production is lower, which is in the Global South. However, that phenomenon has pushed women workers into paid labour on a massive scale, something that is then termed as feminization of labour, reflecting the gendered aspect of the labour market and labour as a whole. Therefore, a feminist perspective is used to analyze how the gendered labour market and gendered labour shape a phenomenon that is feminization of labour. This final project reviews 38 literatures with a feminist perspective that is sensitive to the gender aspect in institutions, discourses, even Global South-North relations related to feminization of labour. The literatures are then categorized into three major themes using the typology method, which are (1) feminization of labour through a political economy perspective, (2) feminization of labour through a gender perspective, and (3) implications of feminization of labour. The author finds that a liberal feminist and poststructural feminist perspective create the basis for the literature of feminization of labour, which then depicts feminization of labour as a dynamic process that contributes towards the shaping of global labour trends, and encompasses several intertwined phenomenons with globalization at its center."

"Based on the 2003 trends in International mathematics and science study, the authors find that negative associations between student employment and academic achievement are stronger in some countriesthan in others - differences likely to result from country-specific work oppurtunities and needs.... "

"Outside of the International labour organization, the united states uses two main chnnels to promote labour standards internationally: bilateral or regional trade agreements and "labour diplomacy"...."

"Based on comprehensive regression analysis, the authors find that weak wage growth and a smaller labour share of national income significantly reduce labour productivity growth. They conclude that supply-side labour market reforms have contributed to reducing labour productivity growth: this cannot be explained by a deregulation-induced inflow of low-productivity labour as proposed by OECD researchers. They also discuss why deregulation, easier firing and higher labour turnover may damage learning and knowledge accumulation in companies, notably by weakening the functioning of the “routinized” innovation model (“Schumpeter II”). Finally, their findings raise doubts about the relevance of Baumol's law and Verdoorn's law."