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"Research on the impacts of the ‘requirement system’ on student learning is still rare, however the system is still widely applied by Dental Schools in many countries. The major consequent of this system is the unpreparedness of students’ learning prior to presenting patients with particular complaints. Objective: This study aimed to explore the effect of the ‘requirement system’ on students’ learning strategy in Dental Education University of Jenderal Soedirman, Purwokerto, Indonesia. Methods: This was a qualitative-phenomenography study. The collection of data was through observations and interviews. The number of subjects was 13 students of the same batch in a clinical education level, determined by purposive sampling. Observations by 2 clinical teachers were done in advance and lasted for six weeks, followed by in-depth interviews. The analysis followed the phenomenography method. Results: Interviews revealed that application of the ‘requirement system’ had prompted the students to get the patients and to learn or not learn correspondingly to the specified cases. Students will have adequate preparation to learn if they are motivated to discuss with the teachers, having previous experiences, and if the patient is perceived to be special. Inadequate preparation of learning occurred when students felt tired, insufficient time between patients’ arrival and presentation in front of clinical teachers, and repetition of the case. Observations revealed that preparation for learning did not consequently lead to students’ performance in doing clinical work. ‘Well-done’ up to ‘less than expected’ performances were found in both single-cases as well repetition-cases. Conclusion: ‘Requirement system’ driven students’ preparation for learning. However, number of cases did not. Modifying the ‘requirement system’ and improving the quality of clinical supervision are two important things suggested by this study."

"Latar BelakangUmpan balik menjadi salah satu bentuk interaksi yang penting antara staf pengajar dan mahasiswa. Untuk mendapatkan umpan balik tersebut, mahasiswa akan melewati suatu proses pencarian umpan balik yang dilakukan secara sadar demi mencapai tujuan yang diinginkan. Ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi pencarian umpan balik antara lain motivasi dan strategi belajar. Motivasi dan strategi belajar memiliki dampak yang besar terhadap performa mahasiswa yang selanjutnya akan menentukan tercapai atau tidaknya tujuan yang dimiliki. Sampai saat ini, masih belum ada penelitian yang menjelaskan hubungan kompleks antara motivasi dan upaya pencarian umpan balik dan antara strategi belajar dengan upaya pencarian umpan balik. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai upaya pencarian umpan balik pada mahasiswa tingkat 3 Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia ditinjau dari motivasi dan strategi belajar. MetodePenelitian ini merupakan penelitian mixed methods dengan desain sequential explanatory: rancangan analitik menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) untuk komponen kuantitatif. Selanjutnya, pendekatan kualitatif menggunakan desain studi fenomenologi dengan tujuan mengeksplorasi pengalaman individu mahasiswa terkait pencarian umpan balik. Pengumpulan data di tahap ini dikumpulkan melalui Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Setelah pengumpulan data, dilakukan member checking dan analisis tematik berdasarkan transkripsi FGD yang dilakukan secara verbatim.HasilBerdasarkan hasil kuesioner, diperoleh total 108 responden dengan rata-rata mahasiswa memiliki motivasi tinggi dan strategi belajar sedang. Tidak ditemukan satupun mahasiswa dengan motivasi yang rendah. Hasil uji korelasi ditemukan adanya hubungan yang kuat antara motivasi dan strategi belajar. Dari analisis kualitatif, diperoleh dua tema besar, yaitu (1) Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi mahasiswa mencari umpan balik dan (2) Cara mahasiswa mencari umpan balik.KesimpulanMotivasi dan strategi belajar mahasiswa memiliki hubungan yang kuat dan hal ini dapat mempengaruhi upaya pencarian umpan balik yang dilakukan oleh mahasiswa. Hasil studi ini menggarisbawahi pentingnya peningkatan lingkungan belajar yang kondusif,vidukungan staf pengajar dan peran serta mahasiswa dalam mendukung proses belajar dan keberhasilan akademis mahasiswa.

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Introduction

Feedback is one of the important interactions between teaching staff and students. In order to obtain feedback, students will go through a feedback-seeking process, which is done consciously to achieve the desired goals. There are several factors that influence the process such as motivation and learning strategies. Motivation and learning strategies have a significant impact on student performance, which will determine the goal achievement. To date, there is still limited research that explains the complex relationship between motivation and feedback-seeking effort as well as learning strategies and feedback-seeking efforts Therefore, this study aims to assess feedback- seeking behavior in 3rd year medical students in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia based on motivation and learning strategies.

Method

This study is a mixed methods research using a sequential explanatory design The quantitative part was conducted using a cross-sectional method. The qualitative approach was done with a phenomenological study design to explore the individual experiences of students in seeking feedback. Data collection was collected through Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). After data collection, member checking and thematic analysis was conducted based on the verbatim transcription of the FGD.

Results

Based on the questionnaire results, a total of 108 respondents were obtained with an average of students having high motivation and moderate learning strategies. No students with low motivation were found. The correlation test results revealed a strong relationship between motivation and learning strategies. From qualitative analysis, two major themes emerged: (1) Factors influencing students in seeking feedback, and (2) Ways in which students seek feedback.

Conclusion

The motivation and learning strategies of students have a strong correlation, and this can influence students' efforts in seeking feedback. The results of this study underscore the importance of improving a conducive learning environment, faculty support, and student engagement in supporting the learning process and academic success of students."

"Latar Belakang : Pandemi Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) menyebabkan proses pembelajaran beralih dari metode luring (2017) ke daring (2019). Tujuan : Menilai kepuasan mahasiswa kedokteran gigi antara kelas online dan offline di skill lab SSC Universitas Indonesia. Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif potong lintang dengan menggunakan kuesioner online yang terdiri dari 6 kategori dan 19 pernyataan. Sebanyak 133 responden berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Perbedaan kepuasan dianalisis menggunakan uji Pearson Chi-square dan Mann-Whitney. Hasil : Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebagian besar kelas luring (2017) setuju dengan pernyataan yang diberikan dalam 6 kategori. Lebih dari 50% peserta mempunyai kepuasan positif terhadap skills lab luring. Sebaliknya, kelas daring (2019) menunjukkan variasi jawaban yang lebih banyak, dengan lebih dari 40% peserta puas dengan kelima kategori dan lebih dari 11% tidak setuju dengan kategori keenam. Terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p<0,05) pada 5 kategori: tujuan pembelajaran, materi kelas, relevansi isi, penyampaian perkuliahan, serta fasilitas dan lingkungan. Namun pada kategori pengetahuan dosen tidak terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan (p≥0,05). Kesimpulan : Sebagian besar mahasiswa merasa puas dengan skills lab SSC luring. Berbeda dengan skills lab daring, mereka lebih cenderung menjawab dengan jawaban yang beragam, sehingga menyebabkan perbedaan statistik. Kesenjangan ini mungkin timbul dari cara mahasiswa dan dosen berinteraksi secara berbeda di skills lab luring dan daring. Oleh karena itu, pelaksanaan skill lab luring dan daring memberikan kepuasan yang berbeda karena adanya lima kategori yang menekankan pada pembelajaran praktik.

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Background : The Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic caused the learning process to be shifted from offline (2017) to online (2019) methods. Aim : Assess dental students’ satisfaction between online and offline classes in the SSC skills lab at the Universitas Indonesia. Methods : This study used cross-sectional descriptive analysis using an online questionnaire comprising 6 categories and 19 statements. A total of 133 respondents participated in this research. Differences in satisfaction were analysed using the Pearson Chi-square and Mann-Whitney tests. Results : The result shows that most offline classes (2017) agreed with the statements given in 6 categories. More than 50% of the participants had positive satisfaction with the offline skills lab. Conversely, online classes (2019) shows more variation in answer, with more than 40% of the participants satisfied with all five categories and more than 11% disagreed with the sixth category. There is a significant difference (p<0,05) in 5 categories: learning objectives, class materials, content relevance, lecture delivery and style, and facility and environment. However, the lecturer knowledge category shows no significant difference (p≥0,05). Conclusion : Most students were satisfied with the SSC offline skills lab. In contrast with the online skills lab, they were more likely to answer with various answers, which leads to statistical differences. This discrepancy may arise from how students and instructors interact differently in the offline and online SSC skills lab. Therefore, the implementation of online and offline skills labs provides different satisfaction due to five categories that emphasize to practical learning."

"ABSTRAKPemelajaran bahasa pada hakikatnya adalah sebuah proses yang berlangsung sepanjang hayat dan dipengaruhi oleh faktor-faktor yang terdapat di sekitar pemelajar, seperti lingkungan sosial dan kebudayan yang melekat pada bahasa itu, serta aspek-aspek lain dari dalam diri pemelajar, seperti motivasi dan strategi pemelajaran. Penelitian inimerupakan studi kasus terhadap tiga mahasiswa Indonesia yang mempelajari kemampuan berbicara bahasa Mandarin di sebuah universitas di Tiongkok dan masing-masing merepresentasikan tiga kelompok mahasiswa yang berkemampuan bagus, sedang dan lemah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan strategi kompensasi dan strategi sosial sebagai bagian dalam strategi pemelajaran bahasa oleh mahasiswa dengan capaian belajar yang tinggi dan sedang sangat berperan untuk menumbuhkan motivasi belajar bahasa Mandarin. Kedua strategi ini melibatkan hal-hal pragmatis yang dibutuhkan dan terjadi di kehidupan sehari-hari mahasiswa sehingga mahasiswa dapat melakukan evaluasi mandiri dan menumbuhkan motivasi diri. Di sisi lain, minimnya motivasi belajar juga memberikan dampak negatif padaproses pemelajaran mahasiswa dengan capaian belajar yang rendah.

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ABSTRACTLanguage learning is essentially a process that lasts a lifetime and is influenced by factors surround the learner, such as social and cultural environment inherent to the language, as well as other aspects of the learner's self, such as motivation and learning strategies. This research is a case study of three Indonesian students studying Mandarin at a university in China and each represents three groups of students who have high, medium and low learning outcomes. The results showed that the use of compensation strategy and social strategy as part of language learning strategies by students with high and medium learning achievements held an important role to foster motivation inlearning Mandarin for they involved pragmatic things needed and occured in daily life so students could do self-evaluation and foster self-motivation. On the other hand, the lack of motivation to learn also brought negative impact on the learning process of student with low learning outcomes."

"Latar belakang: Kurikulum pendidikan dokter di Indonesia disusun berdasarkan kompetensi yang diharapkan dapat dicapai oleh seorang lulusan institusi pendidikan dokter. Salah satu upaya untuk menilai capaian kompetensi tersebut diselenggarakan Uji Kompetensi Mahasiswa Program Profesi Dokter (UKMPPD). Ujian ini merupakan salah satu prasyarat untuk mendapatkan sertifikat tanda registrasi agar dapat memperoleh surat ijin praktik. Sayangnya hasil UKMPPD masih belum memuaskan. Beberapa faktor yang kemungkinan menyebabkan angka kelulusan yang rendah, antara lain: motivasi belajar dan strategi pembelajaran yang dapat diukur menggunakan Motivated Strategies of Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan motivasi belajar dan strategi pembelajaran dengan kelulusan uji kompetensi di Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Metode: penelitian analitik dengan desain potong lintang dilakukan pada seluruh mahasiswa yang mengikuti UKMPPD November 2018, 148 orang. Pemilihan sampel dilakukan dengan non probability sampling dengan teknik total sampling. Analisi menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman. Hasil: Mayoritas responden berusia <25 tahun (54,1%), perempuan (59,5%), serta kelulusan UKMPPD sebesar 20,94%. Pada analisis univariat, variabel motivasi yang paling rendah ditemukan pada komponen kecemasan (median 3). Nilai median variabel strategi pembelajaran berkisar antara 5 dan 6. Pada analisis bivariat, nilai variabel motivasi yang memiliki hubungan dengan UKMPPD tertinggi yaitu komponen control of learning belief (r=0,232). Nilai variabel strategi pembelajaran yang memiliki hubungan dngan UKMPPD tertinggi di jumpai pada pada komponen pembelajaran dengan teman (r=0,378). Motivasi dan strategi pembelajaran mahasiswa sudah cukup baik. Namun, terdapat hubungan yang lemah-sedang antara motivasi belajar dan strategi pembelajaran dengan UKMPPD. Pada analisis multivariat menggunakan path analysis, variabel motivasi yang mempunyai pengaruh paling tinggi yaitu komponen control of learning belief (14,774). Nilai variabel strategi pembelajaran yang mempunyai pengaruh paling tinggi dijumpai pada komponen elaborasi (15,234). Motivasi mempengaruhi strategi pembelajaran, strategi pembelajaran mempengaruhi hasil pembelajaran. Penelitian lanjutan perlu dilakukan untuk mencari faktor lain yang mempengaruhi hasil UKMPPD. Simpulan: Motivasi belajar dan strategi pembelajaran memiliki hubungan yang lemah-sedang dengan hasil pembelajaran.

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Intoduction: The curriculum of medical education in Indonesia is developed based on the competencies that expected to be achieved by graduates. To assess the achievement of the competencies is by conducting the National Competency Examination (UKMPPD). National Competency Examination is mandatory to obtain a license for practicing as a physician. Unfortunately, the result is unsatisfied. The success of examination might be influenced by learning motivation and learning strategies, which can be measured by Motivated Strategies of Learning Questionnaire (MSLQ). Objective: To determine the relationship between learning motivation and learning strategy with the success of UKMPPD at Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Methodist Indonesia. Method: An analytical research with cross sectional design was performed. Respondents were all students who took the UKMPPD on November 2018, total sample was 148. The sample selection was done by non probability sampling with a total sampling technique. Data analyzing using Spearman test. Result: The majorityof the respondents were < 25 years old (54.1%), 59.5% is female and the successfull rate of the UKMPPD was 20.94%. The lowest motivation variable was the anxiety component (median = 3). For the learning strategy variables, component was most ly scored ​​5 and 6. The highest corelation between motivation variable and UKMPPD was control of learning belief (r=0.232). Furthermore, the highest corelation of learning strategyvariables and UKMPPD was peer learning (r=0.378). Students' learning motivation and learning strategy were quite good. However, the relation between learning motivation and learning strategy toward the UKMPPD was weak-moderate. Multivariate analysis using path analysis showed that the highest motivation variable was control of learning belief (14,774). The highest learning strategy variable was the elaboration (15.234). Motivation influences learning strategy;learning strategy infleunces the UKMPPD. Further research is needed to explore other factors influence the test results.Conclusion: Learning motivation and learning strategies show weak-modearte correlation toward learning outcomes."

"Tesis ini membahas analisis pengaruh budaya organisasi dan organisasi pembelajaran terhadap strategi bisnis serta persepsi terhadap kinerja perusahaan dalam konteks PT Indofarma (Persero) Tbk. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kuantitatif dan dilakukan melalui survei terhadap karyawan PT Indofarma (Persero) Tbk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa budaya organisasi dan organisasi pembelajaran berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap cost leadership, differentiation dan focus strategy. Lebih lanjut ditemukan bahwa cost leadership strategy tidak berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan, sedangkan differentiation dan focus strategy berpengaruh signifikan positif terhadap kinerja perusahaan.

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This thesis describes the influence analysis of organizational culture and learning organization to business strategies and its perception to the corporate performance in the context of PT Indofarma (Persero) Tbk. This research is a quantitative study and conducted through a survey of employees of PT Indofarma (Persero) Tbk. The results showed that organizational culture and learning organization have positive significant effect on cost leadership, differentiation and focus strategies. Further found that the cost leadership strategy does not have positive effect on company performance, while differentiation and focus strategies have positive and significant effect on the performance of the company."

"Tujuan utama kajian ini ilah untuk mengenal pasti keberkesanan teknik pembelajaran 6 langkah iaitu langkah 'priview, question,read,retice, reflect dan review' (PQ4R) terhadap pemahaman membaca teks"

"The challenge to do more with less and in less time is the mantra of every organization. Accelerated learning is the training professionals answer to this business reality. This Infoline offers you a short course in the principles, process, and techniques of accelerated learning. You will learn how to use whole brain techniques that allow learners to acquire information and skills more efficiently and to retrieve, recall, or respond with confidence."

"Hubungan faktor-faktor risiko dan kelainan muskuloskeletal pada mahasiswa profesi kedokteran gigi: studi pendahuluan. Gangguan muskuloskeletal banyak terjadi pada dokter gigi, 80% dari hasil pengukuran menggunakan instrumen Body Discomfort Map dan Brief Survey di FKG UI memperlihatkan bahwa gangguan muskuloskeletal terutama terjadi pada leher, bahu, lengan bawah, tangan dan punggung. Gangguan muskuloskeletal merupakan penyakit terbanyak dari penyakit akibat kerja di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal pada mahasiswa tingkat profesi yang kerja praktik di FKG UI. Metode: Jenis penelitian observasional dengan disain potong lintang terhadap seluruh mahasiswa profesi yang kerja praktik di klinik FKG UI. Pemeriksaan gangguan muskuloskeletal menggunakan instrumen Cornell Musculoskeletal Discomfort Questionnaires (CMDQ) dan faktor-faktor risiko diukur menggunakan kuesioner dengan pertanyaan tertutup dan survei diagnostik stres. Seluruh data yang terkumpuldi analisis statistik menggunakan chi-square dan uji regresi logistik. Hasil: Adanya hubungan bermakna antara faktor gerakan dalam bekerja (gerak repetitif, janggal membungkuk dan memutar) dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal (p<0,05) dan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara faktor lingkungan (stressor kerja) dengan gangguan muskuloskeletal (p<0,001). Kemudian pada hasil regresi logistik menunjukkan variabel yang dominan mempengaruhi terjadinya gangguan muskuloskeletal adalah gerakan dalam bekerja (OR 5,01 CI 90%) dan stres kerja (OR 7,47 CI 90%). Simpulan: Pada penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa adanya hubungan antara faktor gerakan dalam bekerja dan stres kerja terhadap gangguan muskuloskeletal.

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Musculoskeletal disorders are common among dentists, 80% of the measurement results using the instrument of Body Discomfort Map and Brief Survey in Faculty of Dentistry University of Indonesia (FKG UI) showed that musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) mainly occur in the neck, shoulder, forearm, hand and back. MSD are the most common type of occupational dental diseases in Indonesia. Objectives: To know the risk factors associated with MSD in students in FKG UI. Methods: This type of observational study with cross-sectional design of the entire profession students who work in clinic FKG UI. Examination of MSD was using Cornell MSD questionnaires (CMDQ) and risk factors were measured using a questionnaire with closed questions and DiagnosticStress Survey. All data collected were analyzed statistically using chi-square test and logistic regression. Results: A significant relationship between repetitive movements of factors, awkward bending and twisting with musculoskeletal disorders (p<0.05) and the presence of a significant association between work stress factors with musculoskeletal disorders (p<0.001). Then the logistic regression results indicate that a variable effect on musculoskeletal disorders is a movement in the work (OR 5.01; CI 90%) and stress of work (OR 7.47; CI 90%). Conclusion: In this study we can conclude that the relationship between the working and movement of factors of work stress on musculoskeletal disorders."

"Latar Belakang : Pilihan karir merupakan salah satu keputusan terpenting dalam hidup, karena memiliki dampak sepanjang hidup seorang individu. Memahami motivasi pemilihan karir pada mahasiswa kedokteran gigi memberi manfaat dalam ranah pendidikan dan kebijakan kedokteran gigi. Belum terdapat studi yang mampu memberikan gambaran motivasi pemilihan karir mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia. Tujuan : Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui motivasi mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan studi corss sectional menggunakan teknik two stage cluster sampling dengan perhitungan proportional size. Mahasiswa preklinik kedokteran gigi dari 16 perguruan tinggi di Indonesia berpartisipasi dalam penelitian ini. Motivasi pemilihan karir mahasiswa dibagi ke dalam 5 domain utama yaitu ekonomi, profesional, pekerjaan, sosial, dan personal, diukur melalui self-administered questionnaire dengan 5 poin skala likert. Perbedaan motivasi pemilihan karir mahasiswa berdasarkan sosiodemografi dan karakteristik mahasiswa juga dianalisis melalui mann-whitney dan kruskal wallis test pada perangkat lunak IBM SPSS Statistik. Hasil Penelitian : Jumlah responden penelitian ini mencapai 639 mahasiswa (547 orang perempuan dan 92 orang laki-laki, dengan response rate 153%. Domain alasan pekerjaan adalah domain alasan yang paling memotivasi pemilihan karir mahasiswa. Motivasi pemilihan karir terbesar mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia adalah keinginan untuk membantu/melayani masyarakat (90,6%), keinginan untuk mengobati orang lain dan memperbaiki penampilan mereka (89,7%), serta dorongan independensi pekerjaan (82,6%). Terdapat perbedaan signifikan (p-value <0,05), antara pendidikan dan pekerjaan ibu serta domisili pada domain alasan sosial, perbedaan signifikan (p-value <0,05), antara pekerjaan ibu pada domain alasan ekonomi, serta perbedaan signifikan antara tahun angkatan dan domisili pada domain alasan pekerjaan. Jenis kelamin, pekerjaan dan pendidikan ayah tidak menunjukkan perbedaan bermakna secara statistik pada seluruh domain motivasi. Kesimpulan : Mahasiswa kedokteran gigi di Indonesia paling besar termotivasi oleh alasan pekerjaan, meliputi keinginan membantu/melayani masyarakat dalam pemilihan karir. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik antara jenis kelamin dalam motivasi pemilihan karir, namun pekerjaan dan pendidikan ibu, tahun angkatan dan domisili memiliki perbedaan bermakna secara statistik.

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Background: Career choice is one of the most important decisions in life, because it has a path throughout an individual's life. Understanding the choice of career motivation in dental students provides benefits in the realm of dental education and policy. There are no studies that are able to provide an overview of the motivations for choosing a career for dental students in Indonesia.

Objective : This study aims to determine the motivation of dental students in Indonesia in choosing the dental profession.

Methods: This research is a cross-sectional study using a two-stage cluster sampling technique with proportional size calculations. Preclinical dental students from 16 universities in Indonesia participated in this study. Career motivation is divided into 5 main domains, namely economic, professional, vocational, social, and personal, measured through a self-administered questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. Differences in student career motivation were also analyzed through the Mann-Whitney and Kruskal Wallis tests on the IBM SPSS Statistics software based on sociodemographics and student characteristics

Results: The number of respondents to this study reached 639 people (547 women and 92 men, with a response rate of 153%. Vocational reasons is the most motivates student career choices. The biggest career choice motivation for dental students in Indonesia are the desire to help/serve the community (90.6%), the desire to heal others and improve their appearance (89.7%), and encourage work independence (82.6%). There are significant differences (p-value <0,05), between mother’s education and occupation and domicile in the domain of social reasons, a significant difference (p-value <0,05), between mother's occupation in the domain of economic reasons, and a significant difference (p-value <0,05) between years of study and domicile in the domain of work reasons. Gender, father’s occupation and education did not show significant differences in all motivational domains.

Conclusion: Dental Student in Indonesia is mostly motivated by vocational reasons, includes the desire to help/serve the community in work motivation. No significant difference between the sexes in the motivation for choosing a career, however, there were significant differences between mother’s occupation and education, years of study and domicile in work motivation."