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"In human, the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) has been proven as a stress-bearing joint, especially during mastication. Overload of shear stress on the joint can cause degenerative diseases of the joint, such as osteoarthrosis or TMJ osteoarthritis (TMJ-OA). Free radicals have been assumed to be associated in the pathogenesis of various degenerative diseases of the joint and oxidative stress is important in the mechanism of TMJ dysfunction. Free radicals are superoxide (O2-), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl (OH-), and are called reactive oxygen species (ROS). Hydroxyl is most destructive in patients with TMJ dysfunction. ROS exert their effects on TMJ by reducing the viscosity of synovial fluid, decreasing joint surface lubrication, breakdown of collagen and proteoglycan, and increasing the activity of cartilage degradation enzymes such as metalloproteinases."

"Temporomandibular disorder (TMD) usually has non-specific signs and symptoms. The patient generally can only feel the pain, and thus complains about the stomatognatic problems without knowing the cause and the source. When the patient's chied compaint is pain, it is important to identify the source of the problem in order to provide appropriate treatment. Applied treatments for TMD can vary enormously. A female patient, age 35, came to the prosthodontic clinic with the chief complaints of pain in the right joint and limitation in mouth opening for past 7 years. In the last 2 weeks, the complaints worsened. With light pressure she could still open her mouth wider but showing deviations. She also complained about headache, tension in the forehead region, and muscle pain in the upper back body. The patient also reported that she has been chewing only on the right side for more than 20 years. Lateral transcranial x-ray showed that there were no visible structural or positional disorders. Thus, jaw exercise was decided as the initial therapy for the patient. WIthin one week, all complaints dissapeared. It was concluded that jaw exercise was a very useful form of treatment for TMD provided that the correct diagnosis is established."

"The increase of pain symptoms in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) challenges the scientists to find a more effective therapy. The popular treatment of the temporomandibular disorder (TMD) are eg occlusal splints, orthodontic treatment, electromyographic biofeedback, medication, etc. Among these splint therapy is more successful than the others especially in dealing with pain in the TMJ. Orthodontics as a treatment for the TMD quite often creates new complains on TMJ during and/or after treatment. The extrusion of the posterior teeth in reducing anterior deep overbite have been proposed as possible cause of TMD. This paper reported that a relaxation splint was an effective solution to relieve the pain in the TMJ for the orthodontic patients where occlusal factors were related. One mounth after the splint therapy, the pain in the TMJ was slowly dissapeared, and the orthodontic treatment can be continued with the splint as an occlusal height guidance."

"Latar belakang: Prevalensi burnout syndrome ditemukan tinggi pada mahasiswa. Hal ini dapat dipengaruhi oleh prestasi akademik, status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu. Tingkat burnout syndrome yang tinggi pada mahasiswa terutama mahasiswa tingkat akhir, dapat meningkatkan risiko terjadinya gangguan sendi rahang. Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang pada mahasiswa sarjana Universitas Indonesia Angkatan 2019, serta mengetahui hubungan antara prestasi akademik, status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu terhadap burnout syndrome dan gangguan sendi rahang pada mahasiswa sarjana Universitas Indonesia Angkatan 2019. Metode: Studi dengan desain cross-sectional berupa kuesioner online, disebarkan pada bulan November 2022 kepada mahasiswa Universitas Indonesia dengan jumlah 134 responden. Burnout syndrome diukur menggunakan kuesioner MBI-SS dan gangguan sendi rahang menggunakan kuesioner TMD-DI. Hasil Penelitian: Uji Fisher exact menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna (p<0,05) burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang, uji kendall menunjukkan korelasi positif lemah antara burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang. Uji chi square menunjukkan adanya perbedaan bermakna antara prestasi akademik dengan burnout syndrome (p<0,05), uji kendall menunjukkan korelasi negatif lemah antara prestasi akademik dengan burnout syndrome. Namun tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara prestasi akademik dengan gangguan sendi rahang, serta status sosioekonomi, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu dengan burnout syndrome dan gangguan sendi rahang . Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara burnout syndrome terhadap gangguan sendi rahang. Terdapat hubungan antara prestasi akademik terhadap burnout syndrome. Namun tidak terdapat hubungan antara prestasi akademik terhadap gangguan sendi rahang, serta status sosioekonomi keluarga, faktor budaya, dan rumpun ilmu terhadap burnout syndrome dan gangguan sendi rahang

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Background: The prevalence of burnout syndrome is found to be high in university students. This can be influenced by academic achievement, socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups. The high rate of burnout syndrome in university students, especially final year students, can increase the risk of developing temporomandibular disorder. Objective: This study aims to find out the relationship between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorder in fourth year undergraduate students at the University of Indonesia, and to determine the relationship between academic achievement, socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups with burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders in fourth year undergraduate students at the University of Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional study using an online questionnaire of 134 students from the University of Indonesia was distributed in November 2022. Burnout syndrome was measured using the MBI-SS questionnaire and temporomandibular disorders using the TMD-DI questionnaire. Results: The Fisher exact test showed a significant difference between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorder (p<0.05). The Kendall test showed a weak positive correlation between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders. The chi-square test showed that there was a statistically significant difference between burnout syndrome based on academic achievement (p<0.05). The Kendall test showed a weak negative correlation between academic achievement and burnout syndrome. However, there is no statistically significant difference between temporomandibular disorders based on academic achievement, as well as burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorder based on socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups. Conclusion: There is a relationship between burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders, as well as burnout syndrome and academic achievement. However, there is no relationship between temporomandibular disorder based on academic achievement, as well as burnout syndrome and temporomandibular disorders based on family socioeconomic status, cultural factors, and knowledge groups."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Temporomandibular Disorders atau yang dikenal dengan TMDmerupakan kumpulan gangguan yang terjadi pada musculoskeletal dan neuromuscular yangberhubungan dengan otot mastikasi, sendi temporomandibula (TMJ) dan atau struktur yanglainnya. TMD memiliki etiologi yang multifaktorial, dan cara penentuan diagnosis TMDdapat dilakukan dengan berbagai cara, melalui pengisian kuesioner, pemeriksaan klinismaupun pemeriksaan penunjang seperti radiografi. Kuesioner TMD telah banyakdikembangkan di dunia, dan di Indonesia sendiri, telah dikembangkan ID-TMD dan IndeksEtiologi Gangguan Sendi Temporomandibula, namun butuh dikembangkan suatu kuesioneryang mencakup seluruh tanda gejala dan etiologi TMD dengan referensi terkini yang dapatmempermudah klinisi untuk mendeteksi TMD pada pasien. Tujuan: Mengembangkansuatu kuesioner Gangguan Sendi Rahang yang valid dan reliabel. Metode: Pengembangankuesioner dijalankan dengan dua tahap, yaitu pada tahap kualitatif dilakukan 28 wawancaraterstruktur dan mendalam dengan pasien TMD menggunakan panduan semi-struktur yangdibuat peneliti dan melewati diskusi pakar. Hasil kuesioner tahap kualitatif dilanjutkandengan studi potong lintang pada 126 pasien TMD. Seluruh hasil pengisian kuesionerdilakukan Exploratory Analysis Factor dan dilanjutkan dengan pengujian validitas danreliabilitas menggunakan SPSS untuk mendapatkan nilai Alpha Cronbach. Hasil:Pengembangan Kuesioner Gangguan Sendi Rahang terdiri atas 56 item pertanyaan yangmemiliki 3 komponen besar yaitu tanda dan gejala sebanyak 14 pertanyaan, kebiasaanburuk 15 pertanyaan dan stres emosional 27 pertanyaan. Kesimpulan: PengembanganKuesioner Gangguan Sendi Rahang valid dan reliabel.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Temporomandibular Disorders, also known as TMD, is a collection ofdisorders that occur in the musculoskeletal and neuromuscular that are associatedwith masticatory system, temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and or other structures.TMD has a multifactorial etiology, and the method of determining the diagnosis ofTMD can be done in various ways, through filling in questionnaires, clinicalexaminations and investigations such as radiography. The TMD questionnaire hasbeen widely developed in the world, and in Indonesia itself, ID-TMD and theQuestionnaire to determine the Etiology of Temporomandibular Disorders have beendeveloped, but a questionnaire is needed to cover all symptoms and etiology of TMDwith the latest references that can facilitate clinicians to easily detect TMD inpatients. Objective: To develop a valid and reliable Temporomandibular Disorderquestionnaire. Method: The development of the questionnaire was carried out in twostages, namely in the qualitative stage, 28 TMD patient were interviewed using semistructuredguidelines made by researcher and passing expert discussions. The resultsof the qualitative stage questionnaire were followed by cross-sectional studies on 126TMD patients. All the results of filling out the questionnaire were carried out byExploratory Analysis Factor followed by testing validity and reliability using SPSS toproduce Cronbach Alpha value. Results: Development Temporomandibular DisorderQuestionnaire has total 56 items (questions) distributed amongst 3 major components,namely Signs and symptoms consist of 14 items, Bad habits 15 items and Emotionalstress 27 (questions). Conclusion: Development of Temporomandibular DisorderQuestionnaire were valid and reliable."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 155-158The causes of TMD are complex and multifactorial, therefore the management should be done by several disciplines. ln this report, a 27-year-old man came to the teaching hospital of the University of Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry's Prosthodontic Department complaining about clicking sound and pain around his right joint. He received orthodontic treatment 9 years ago with removable appliance at a private practice and had 4 premolar extraction. The patient's face looked asymmetric, with a low vertical dimension, a Class II occlusion, and an anterior deep bite. Besides that, he clenched his teeth during emotional stress. Lateral tanscranial photo showed that the position of the left condyle was relatively normal or slightly anterior, and the right condyle was in the superoposterior position in the fossa with an abnormal shape. To solve this problem, the patient was referred to the Orthodontic Deparment to get a correct vertical dimension and normal anterior overbite. After 6 years, the patient was again referred to the prosthodontic Department, but the result was not successful. In order to get the right vertical dimension, an occlusal splint was fabricated to achieve a comfort jaw relation. In this position, the overbite was 2 mm, but space between the upper and lower posterior teeth was 5 mm. In this situation, full veneer crowns were not impossible to fabricate. Finally, to maintain this comfort position, the patient was suggested to wear the occlusal splint and come regularly for control every 6 months."

"Pre-prosthetic treatment is very important step to get a successful prosthodontic treatment. This study reported a case of a patient with missing teeth on left and right lower first and second molar with TMJ symptoms. Other symptoms felt by the patients were car pain and shoulder pain. After detailed examination, pre-prosthetic treatment needed by the patient was the TMH treatment. The usage of occlusal splint as one of the methods to treat the TMD where i.e. eliminate the occlusal disorder to reduce the neuromuscular activity and to regain a stable centric relation. After the splint treatment, an open bite on the posterior teeth appeared. To solve this problem, a removable frame prosthesis enhanced with overlay rest was fabricated. With this prosthesis, the TMJ symptoms stopped recurring. It was concluded that to achieve a successful prosthesis a detailed and comprehensive treatment was needed including the pre-prosthetic treatment along with the patient's motivation and cooperation."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Proses penuaan dapat menyebabkan perubahan fisiologis pada jaringan gigi dan mulut, termasuk fungsi pada sendi temporomandibula. Mastikasi merupakan salah satu fungsi sistem stomagtonati yang dapat dipengaruhi oleh gangguan sendi temporomandibula (Temporomandibula Disorders). Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula terhadap kemampuan mastikasi, serta menganalisis pengaruh faktor sosiodemografi terhadap gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kemampuan mastikasi. Metode: Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain cross sectional pada 100 pasien Puskesmas Kecamatan Kramat Jati berusia 60 tahun ke atas. Dilakukan pencatatan diri responden, pemeriksaan klinis intraoral, dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner kemampuan mastikasi dan ID-TMD. Hasil penelitian: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula memiliki hubungan (p < 0,05) terhadap kemampuan mastikasi. Terdapat hubungan antara usia dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula, tetapi tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan dan status ekonomi dengan gangguan sendi temporomandibula. Terdapat hubungan antara usia, tingkat pendidikan, dan status ekonomi dengan kemampuan mastikasi, tetapi tidak ada hubungan antara jenis kelamin dengan kemampuan mastikasi. Kesimpulan: Terdapat pengaruh gangguan sendi temporomandibula terhadap kemampuan mastikasi pada lansia.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Aging process involve physiological changes in the teeth and mouth tissues, including temporomandibular joint function. Mastication is one of the main functions of the stomatognathic system that may be affected by temporomandibular disorders. Objectives: To analyze the relationship between temporomandibular disorder towards masticatory ability, to analyze sociodemographic factors (age, gender, educational level, and economic status) towards temporomandibular disorder and masticatory ability. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted on 100 patients of Puskesmas Kramat Jati aged 60 years and over. Subject's data and oral examination were obtained, and interview for masticatory ability and ID-TMD were conducted. Results: There was correlation (p < 0.05) between temporomandibular disorder towards masticatory ability. There was correlation between age towards temporomandibular disorder, but there was no correlation between gender, educational level and economic status towards temporomandibular disorder. There was correlation between age, educational level, and economic status towards masticatory ability, but there was no correlation between gender towards masticatory ability. Conclusion: This study shows that temporomandibular disorders negatively influence masticatory ability in elderly."

"Latar belakang: Gangguan sendi temporomandibula dapat memengaruhi kualitas tidur. Penelitian mengenai hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dan kualitas tidur pada perawat umum di rumah sakit dengan menggunakan kuesioner ID-TMD dan PSQI belum pernah dilakukan di Indonesia. Tujuan: Menganalisis hubungan gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas tidur, stres kerja, dan faktor sosiodemografis jenis kelamin, usia, status sosial ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan, dan status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Menganalisis hubungan kualitas tidur dengan stres kerja dan faktor sosiodemografis jenis kelamin, usia, status sosial ekonomi, tingkat pendidikan, dan status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain cross sectional pada 92 subjek perawat di rumah sakit Hasanah Graha Afiah. Subjek mengisi tiga buah kuesioner yaitu; ID-TMD untuk mengukur gangguan sendi temporomandibula, PSQI versi bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur kualitas tidur, dan ENSS versi bahasa Indonesia untuk mengukur stres kerja. Hasil Penelitian: Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna p=0.02 antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas tidur pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji Mann-Whitney dan Independen T-test menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna yang signifikan p>0.05 antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan stres kerja pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna p>0.05 antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan faktor sosiodemografi jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status sosial ekonomi, status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji Indepeden T-test menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna p=0.035 antara kualitas tidur dengan komponen ENSS masalah dengan pasien dan keluarganya pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Uji chi-square menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna p>0.05 antara kualitas tidur dengan faktor sosiodemografi jenis kelamin, tingkat pendidikan, status sosial ekonomi, status pernikahan pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C. Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara gangguan sendi temporomandibula dengan kualitas tidur pada perawat umum di rumah sakit swasta tipe C.

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Backgroud: Temporomandibular disorder can affect quality of sleep. The study analyzing the association between temporomandibular disorder and quality of sleep on nurses in type C private hospital using ID TMD and PSQI Indonesian version questionnaire has never been conducted in Indonesia.

Objectives: Analyzing the relationship between temporomandibular disorder with quality of sleep, work stress, and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital. Analyzing the relationship between quality of sleep with work stress and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital.

Methods: This cross sectional study assessed the data of 92 nurses in Hasanah Graha Afiah Hospital. Three questionnaires were given to each hospital nurse. The ID TMD questionnaire was used to evaluate temporomandibular disorder, the PSQI Indonesian version was used to evaluate quality of sleep, and the ENSS Indonesian version was used to evaluate work stress.

Results: Chi square test showed significant differences p 0.02 between temporomandibular disorder and quality of sleep on nurses in type C private hospital. Mann Whitney and Independent T test showed that there are no significant differences p 0.05 between temporomandibular disorder and work stress on nurses in type C private hospital. Chi square test showed that there are no significant differences p 0.05 between temporomandibular disorder and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital. Independent T test showed significant differences p 0.035 between quality of sleep and one of the ENSS component patients and their families on nurses in type C private hospital. Chi square test showed that there are no significant differences p 0.05 between quality of sleep and sociodemographic factors gender, age, sosial economic status, education level, and marital status on nurses in type C private hospital.

Conclusion: Temporomandibular disorder was associated with quality of sleep on nurses in type C private hospital. "