Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Periodontal status is a periodontum condition evaluated by using plaque index, calculus index, gingival index and pocket index. The main mediator of periodontum inflammation is IL-113 examined by ELISA method. There is an evaluation of PMN s in periodontum inflammation, but the leucotoxin as well as the protease in turn lowers the PMN phagocytotic function. Phagocytotic function was measured by flowcytometry. The aim of the study was to evaluate the high risk factors of being type 2 DM. A diagnostic study was conducted by using cross-sectional design on 45 controlled DM (CDM) subjects, 45 uncontrolled DM (UCDM) subjects in the Metabolic Endocrinology Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital Jakarta, as compared to 45 non-DM control subjects. The result of multivariate analysis showed that patients of older age (>54 years old), low periodontum status (periodontal index >1.80), high IL-113 level (>23.70 pg/mL), and low PMN phagocytotic function <<53.47%), were significantly at high risk of having DM compared to non-DM (p<0.05). Lower periodontum status showed an increase in IL-113 level, decrease PMN phagocytotic function, and consequently, an increase in the risk of being type 2 DM."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 333-337Hyperglycemia which occurs in type 2 diabetic patient increases prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), cytokine expression, and decreases neutrophil phagocytotic function. This will induce inflammation and periodontal destruction, thus decreasing periodontal status. The aim of the study was to analyze the pattern of interleukine-1β (IL-1β) level, phagocytotic function, and periodontal status. The study's design was cross-sectional on 45 controlled diabetes mellitus (CDM) and 45 uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (UCDM) subjects and 45 non diabetic subjects, 40-60 years old in Metabolic-Endocrinology Clinic Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Statistical analysis was performed using a Stata 7.0 software computer. The result showed that the pattern alteration of increasing IL-1β level was in 2 hours-post prandial glucose level of >150mg/dL, decreasing phagocytotic function in glucose level of >170mg/dL, and decreasing periodontal status in glucose level of >240mg/dL. Therefore it is concluded that the pattern alteration of decreasing periodontal status, increasing IL-1β, and decreasing phagocytotic function showed on certain blood glucose level."

"The incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus increase each year in Indonesia. A good nutritional status in patients with type 2 diabetes may improve their quality of life and avoid the complications that may arise in type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study aims to find the factors that can affect nutritional status of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. A cross ndash sectional study was conducted on 57 patients rsquo medical records obtained from Husada Hospital. The result showed that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who have the nutritional status of obese commonly found in women 94.1 , aged 50 64 years 64.7 , active physical activity 52.9 , currently on pharmacological treatment 100 , with the intake of nutrients such as low energy intake 64.7 , high fat consumption 58.8 , and adequate carbohydrates 100 and protein consumption 100 . No association was found statistically significant between the sexes, energy intake, carbohydrates intake, fat intake, protein intake, physical activity, and currently on pharmacological treatment on the nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes p 0.05 . A statistically significant relationship was found between age p 0,011, fisher test on the nutritional status of patients with type 2 diabetes. In conclusion, only age of patient is found significant to the nutritional status of type 2 diabetes mellitus patient."

"ABSTRAKDiabetes Melitus merupakan penyakit tidak menular penyebab kematian terbesar keempat di dunia. Depok menduduki peringkat 2 di Jawa Barat dengan jumlah penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 terbanyak. Insulin direkomendasikan sebagai salah satu terapi diabetes lini pertama untuk mengontrol kadar glukosa. Oleh karena itu, penting untuk mengetahui tingkat kepatuhan terapi insulin pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 agar tercapai hasil terapi sesuai dengan yang direncanakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran kepatuhan terapi insulin pada penderita diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan desain penelitian model cross sectional dan menggunakan teknik consecutive sampling sebagai teknik dalam pengambilan sampel. Jumlah sampel 79 orang pasien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 yang berobat ke Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Depok. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan kepatuhan insulin masih rendah sebanyak 52 orang 65,8 . Adanya penelitian ini, diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi kepada Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Depok, Dinas Kesehatan Depok, perawat, dan masyarakat untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan terapi insulin.

---

ABSTRAKAbstract Diabetes Mellitus is the fourth leading non infectious diseases cause of death in the world. Depok was ranked 2nd in West Java with the highest number of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Insulin is recommended as one of the first line diabetes therapy to control glucose levels. Therefore, it is important to know the adherence level of insulin therapy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in order to achieve the satisfied results of therapy. This study aimed to identify the level of adherence in insulin therapy among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Depok City. This research was a quantitative research using a cross sectional design and using consecutive sampling as a technique in sampling. The number of samples were 79 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who came to the Regional General Hospital of Depok City. The result showed that the level of insulin adherence came still low as many as 52 people 65.8 . This study is expected to provide information to the Regional General Hospital of Depok City, Depok Health Office, nurses, and the community to improve adherence to insulin therapy."

"Pendahuluan –Diabetes Mellitus tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan sindrom inflamasi progresif dengan peningkatan risiko komplikasi kardiovaskular berupa Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD). Proses thromboinflamasi pada DMT2 ASCVD dikaitkan dengan perubahan pada jumlah serta fungsi leukosit dan trombosit. Rasio leukosit (Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio) serta penanda biologis dari netrofil (Peptydil Arginine Deiminase-4), monosit/makrofag (Interleukin-6), dan trombosit (Platelet Glycoprotein 1b-α) dikenali sebagai penanda biologis yang dapat memprediksi perubahan plak stabil dan tidak stabil pada pasien DMT2 ASCVD. Studi ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara klasifikasi pasien DMT2 2 risiko sangat tinggi (Very High Risk / VHR) dan risiko tinggi (High Risk / HR) dan pada pasien DMT2 dengan Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) terhadap parameter inflamasi NLR, MLR, PLR, GPIbα, PAD4, dan IL-6. Metodologi – 75 pasien DMT2 ACSVD yang menjalani pengobatan di rawat jalan dan unit gawat darurat Rumah Sakit Pusat Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita dilibatkan dalam studi ini. Pasien dikategorikan sebagai DMT2 risiko tinggi, DMT2 risiko sangat tinggi, dan DMT2 ACS. Parameter metabolisme dan inflamasi diukur dan dianalisis pada ketiga kelompok DMT2 ASCVD tersebut. Hasil dan Diskusi – Nilai parameter metabolisme kolesterol total dan Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) serta parameter inflamasi NLR, MLR, PLR, dan IL-6 ditemukan lebih tinggi dan signifikan pada kelompok DMT2 ACS. Nilai Gp1bα ektodomain (Glikokalisin) ditemukan lebih tinggi pada kelompok DMT2 risiko tinggi dan DMT2 risiko sangat tinggi menggambarkan hubungan Gp1bα dan ADAM17 yang terkait dengan keseimbangan pembentukan dan pembersihan trombosit. Nilai PAD4 yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok DMT2 risiko tinggi dan DMT2 risiko sangat tinggi menggambarkan proses perbaikan jaringan dan induksi polarisasi makrofag menjadi fenotip antiinflamasi yang berperan terhadap perbaikan fungsi kardiovaskular. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa nilai NLR dan kolesterol total yang tinggi serta nilai PAD4 yang rendah merupakan prediktor terjadinya keadaan ACS (plak tidak stabil) pada pasien DMT2 ASCVD.

---

Introduction – Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (T2DM) is a progressive inflammatory syndrome with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications in the form of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD). The thromboinflammatory process in T2DM ASCVD is associated with changes in the number and function of leukocytes and platelets. The leukocyte ratio (Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, Monocyte-Lymphocyte Ratio, Platelet-Lymphocyte Ratio) as well as biological markers of neutrophils (Peptydyl Arginine Deiminase-4), monocytes/macrophages (Interleukin-6), and platelets (Platelet Glycoprotein 1b-α) are recognized as a biological marker that can predict stable and unstable plaque changes in T2DM with ASCVD. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the classification of T2DM patients with very high risk (VHR), high risk (HR), and early onset ACS on the inflammatory parameters NLR, MLR, PLR, GPIbα, PAD4, and IL-6.

Methodology – This study included 75 ACSVD T2DM patients being treated at Harapan Kita Heart and Blood Vessel Center Hospital's outpatien and emergency unit. Patients were classified as having high risk T2DM, extremely high risk T2DM, or ACS T2DM. In the three T2DM ASCVD groups, metabolic and inflammatory parameters were evaluated and studied.

Results and Discussion – The metabolic indices total cholesterol and Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL), as well as the inflammatory markers NLR, MLR, PLR, and IL-6, were shown to be greater and significant in the T2DM ACS group. Gp1b ectodomain (Glycocalysin) values were found to be greater in the high risk T2DM and very high risk T2DM groups, demonstrating the relationship between Gp1b and ADAM17, which is associated to platelet production and clearance balance. Higher PAD4 values in the high risk T2DM and very high risk T2DM groups represent tissue repair and the activation of macrophage polarization into an anti-inflammatory phenotype, which contributes to improved cardiovascular function. According to this study, high NLR and total cholesterol levels, as well as low PAD4 levels, are predictors of ACS (unstable plaque) in ASCVD T2DM patients."

"Latar belakang: Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 dan penyakit periodontal merupakan penyakit dengan frekuensi tinggi di Indonesia. Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 diketahui dapat memperberat penyakit periodontal, dan juga sebaliknya. Perlu dilakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai perbedaan status periodontal pada penderita periodontitis kronis dengan Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 dan tanpa Diabetes Melitus tipe-2. Tujuan penelitian: Mengetahui perbedaan status periodontal pada penderita periodontitis kronis dengan Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 dan tanpa Diabetes Melitus tipe-2, dengan batasan penelitian pada kedalaman poket, resesi gingiva, dan kehilangan perlekatan klinis. Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional pada 97 subjek Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 dan 97 subjek tanpa Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 menggunakan data kartu status rekam medik Klinik Periodonsia RSKGM FKG UI tahun kunjungan 2007-2016. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna dari rerata kedalaman poket, resesi gingiva, dan kehilangan perlekatan klinis subjek Diabetes Melitus tipe-2 dibandingkan dengan subjek tanpa Diabetes Melitus tipe-2.

---

Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and periodontal are high frequency diseases in Indonesia. Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus has known for the effect that can worsen periodontal diseases, and vice versa. Therefore, further researches are needed on the difference of periodontal status between chronic periodontitis patient with and without type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Objective: To understand the periodontal status differences between chronic periodontitis patient with and without type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, with limitation spesifically on pocket depth, gingival recession, and loss of attachment.

Method: Cross sectional study of 97 subjects with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and 97 subjects without type 2 Diabetes Mellitus sourced from medical record status cards in Klinik Periodonsia RSKGM FKG UI during 2007 2016. It was statistically analyzed by Mann Whitney test.

Result: There were statistically significant differences in the mean values of pocket depth, gingival recession, and loss of attachment on subjects with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus compared with subjects without type 2 Diabetes Mellitus p"

"Latar Belakang: Penyakit tidak menular diketahui menjadi penyebab 41 juta kematian di dunia setiap tahunnya. Diabetes merupakan satu dari empat jenis utama penyakit tidak menular di seluruh dunia. Pada tahun 2018, Kota Depok memiliki prevalensi diabetes melitus sebesar 2,17% dan menjadi kabupaten/kota dengan prevalensi diabetes melitus tertinggi kedua di Jawa Barat. Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 pada penduduk Kota Depok tahun 2023. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain studi cross-sectional. Data yang digunakan merupakan data sekunder yang diperoleh dari Sistem Informasi Penyakit Tidak Menular (SIPTM) Kota Depok tahun 2023 dan dilakukan analisis univariat serta bivariat menggunakan uji chi-square. Variabel independen terdiri dari faktor sosiodemografis (usia, jenis kelamin, riwayat diabetes keluarga, obesitas, obesitas sentral, dan hipertensi) serta faktor perilaku (merokok, kurang aktivitas fisik, kurang konsumsi sayur buah, konsumsi alkohol, dan konsumsi gula berlebih). Hasil: Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya prevalensi diabetes melitus tipe 2 sebesar 21,9% pada penduduk Kota Depok tahun 2023. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2 adalah usia > 45 tahun (POR 1,225; 95% CI: 1,197—1,254), jenis kelamin laki-laki (POR 1,379; 95% CI: 1,347— 1,411), memiliki riwayat diabetes keluarga (POR 0,297; 95% CI: 0,267—0,330), obesitas (POR 1,524; 95% CI: 1,487—1,562), obesitas sentral (POR 0,908; 95% CI: 0,886—0,930), hipertensi (POR 0,500; 95% CI: 0,488—0,511), merokok (PR 1,289; 95% CI: 1,244—1,335), kurang aktivitas fisik (POR 1,218; 95% CI: 1,189—1,247), kurang konsumsi sayur buah (POR 0,846; 95% CI: 0,812—0,881), dan konsumsi gula berlebih (POR 1,879; 95% CI: 1,828–1,932). Sedangkan, faktor konsumsi alkohol tidak terbukti memiliki hubungan dengan kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2. Kesimpulan: Faktor sosiodemografis dan perilaku terbukti memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian diabetes melitus tipe 2. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi pertimbangan untuk pembuatan program pencegahan dan pengendalian diabetes melitus tipe 2 sehingga dapat menurunkan prevalensi diabetes di Kota Depok.

---

Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are known to cause 41 million deaths globally each year. Diabetes is one of the four major types of NCDs worldwide. In 2018, the city of Depok had a diabetes mellitus prevalence of 2.17%, making it the second-highest prevalence of diabetes mellitus in West Java. Objective: To identify the factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus among the residents of Depok City in 2023. Methods: This study is a quantitative research with a cross-sectional study design. The data used are secondary data obtained from the Non-Communicable Disease Information System (SIPTM) of Depok City in 2023 and analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis with the chi-square test. Independent variables include sociodemographic factors (age, gender, family history of diabetes, obesity, central obesity, and hypertension) as well as behavioral factors (smoking, lack of physical activity, insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits, alcohol consumption, and excessive sugar consumption). Results: This study showed a prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus of 21.9% among the residents of Depok City in 2023. The factors associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus are age > 45 years (POR 1.225; 95% CI: 1.197—1.254), male gender (POR 1.379; 95% CI: 1.347—1.411), having a family history of diabetes (POR 0.297; 95% CI: 0.267—0.330), obesity (POR 1.524; 95% CI: 1.487—1.562), central obesity (POR 0.908; 95% CI: 0.886—0.930), hypertension (POR 0.500; 95% CI: 0.488—0.511), smoking (POR 1.289; 95% CI: 1.244—1.335), lack of physical activity (POR 1.218; 95% CI: 1.189—1.247), insufficient consumption of vegetables and fruits (PR 0.846; 95% CI: 0.812—0.881), and high sugar consumption (POR 1,879; 95% CI: 1,828–1,932. However, alcohol consumption was not proven to be associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Sociodemographic and behavioral factors are significantly associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study is expected to serve as a consideration for the development of prevention and control programs for type 2 diabetes mellitus to reduce the prevalence of diabetes in Depok City."

"Sejumlah penelitian telah mengaitkan penurunan fungsi kognitif dengan kepatuhan minum obat. Diabetes Melitus Tipe 2 (DMT2) merupakan salah satu faktor resiko dari penurunan fungsi kognitif yang jarang disadari pasien. Oleh karena itu, penulis mencoba menilai pengaruh penurunan fungsi kognitif terhadap kepatuhan minum obat pada pasien DMT2. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Pasar Minggu Jakarta. Fungsi kognitif dinilai dengan kuesioner Montreal Cognitive Assesment versi Indonesia (MoCA-Ina) yang telah divalidasi. Penilaian kepatuhan dilakukan menggunakan kuesioner Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) versi bahasa Indonesia yang tervalidasi dan Pharmacy refill adherence yaitu dengan menghitung Proportion of Days Covered (PDC). Pasien dikatakan patuh jika skor ARMS <12 dan hasil perhitungan PDC ≥80%. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penurunan fungsi kognitif berhubungan dengan kepatuhan minum obat yang buruk (p=0,005). Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, pasien dengan fungsi kognitif menurun 3,7 kali menyebabkan ketidakpatuhan minum obat dibanding pasien dengan fungsi kognitif normal setelah dikontrol variabel usia, tingkat pendidikan, kadar HbA1c, dan komorbid dislipidemia.

---

Several studies have linked cognitive decline with lack of adherence to medication. Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the risk factors for cognitive decline that patients are rarely aware of. Therefore, the aim of this study is to assess the effect of decreased cognitive function on medication adherence in T2DM patients. The study uses a cross-sectional design and was conducted at the Pasar Minggu Primary Health Center, Jakarta, Indonesia. Cognitive function was assessed using a validated Indonesian version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA-Ina) questionnaire. Adherence assessment was made using a validated Indonesian version of the Adherence to Refills and Medications Scale (ARMS) questionnaire and the proportion of days covered (PDC). A patient was considered to be adhere if the ARMS score was <12 and the PDC calculation result was ≥80%. The results of this study showed that cognitive decline was associated with poor medication adherence (p=0.005). Based on multivariate analysis, patients with cognitive decline had 3.7 times greater nonadherence to medication than patients with normal cognitive function after controlling for variables of age, education level, HbA1c levels, and comorbid dyslipidemia."

"Prevalensi penderitas diabetes melitus (DM) di Indonesia mengalami peningkatan terutama di Jakarta mencapai 3,4% di tahun 2018, dan menjadi provinsi dengan prevalensi DM tertinggi di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebabnya adalah pasien tidak rutin meminum obat. Oleh karena itu, untuk meningkatkan kepatuhan pengobatan diperlukan program intervensi oleh farmasis yaitu melalui program Phardiacare berupa konseling, buklet, logbook self-monitoring dan SMS reminder. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menilai pemberian konseling dan buklet dari program Phardiacare terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan dan luaran klinis pasien DM tipe 2. Penelitian ini merupakan quasi eksperimental selama periode Agustus hingga Desember 2019 yang melibatkan 65 pasien DM tipe 2 di puskesmas Jakarta Timur yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Pasien dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok intervensi (KI, n=33) yang menerima konseling dan buklet, dan kelompok kontrol (KK, n=32) yang menerima buklet saja. Pada awal dan akhir penelitian pasien menerima kuesioner sosiodemografi dan MAQ serta dilakukan pengukuran luaran klinis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan KI dan KK memiliki karakteristik yang tidak berbeda signifikan kecuali pada lama penggunaan obat dan konsumsi makanan berisiko DM (p<0,05). Konseling pada program Phardiacare mempengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan dimana HbA1c pada KI mengalami penurunan hingga kadar terkontrol (p<0,05) dibandingkan KK yang tidak mengalami perubahan. Kepatuhan berdasarkan skor MAQ menunjukkan peningkatan kepatuhan (p<0,05) setelah intervensi. Konseling dari program Phardiacare memberikan pengaruh 7,5 kali lebih besar dalam menurunkan HbA1c (p=0,008). Terhadap luaran klinis sekunder, konseling memperbaiki gula darah puasa, kolesterol total dan LDL (p<0,05). Dengan demikian, konseling pada program Phardiacare dapat mempengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan dan menurunkan kadar HbA1c pada pasien DM tipe 2.

---

According to the results of the 2018 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas), 50.4% of diabetes mellitus (DM) patients do not regularly take medication. This can worsen the patient’s condition, so interventions related to DM treatment by pharmacists are needed through counseling and booklets which are expected to increase medication adherence and improve clinical outcomes of the patient. The study was conducted in August-December 2019 involving 65 patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Patients were divided into 2 groups, namely the Pulogadung Health Center as the intervention group (KI, n=33) which received counseling and booklets, and the Duren Sawit Health Center as the control group (KK, n=32) which received only booklets. The results showed that counseling affected medication adherence with a significant decrease in HbA1c levels (p<0.05) to controlled levels in KI compared to KK. The MAQ score showed an increase in adherence with significant outcomes after counseling. Counseling has a 7.5 times greater effect in reducing HbA1c with a significant value (p=0.008). In addition, counseling gave significant results (p<0.05) in the improvement of fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Thus, counseling can improve medication adherence and reduce HbA1c levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients."

"Latar Belakang: Seiiring dengan bertambahnya jumlah pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 maka angka kejadian nefropati diabetik juga ikut meningkat. Berbagai faktor telah diidentifikasi turut memperberat kejadian nefropati diabetik salah satunya status vitamin D 25(OH)D. Vitamin D memiliki efek non-kalsemik yang dapat memengaruhi sistem renin-angiotensin sehingga turut berperan dalam kejadian albuminuria. Studi sebelumnya menunjukan tingginya prevalensi defisiensi vitamin D 25(OH)D pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 dan defisiensi vitamin D diduga berhubungan dengan kejadian albuminuria. Tujuan: Mengetahui asosiasi antara status vitamin D 25(OH)D dengan albuminuria pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia. Metodologi: Dilakukan studi potong lintang pada 96 pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 yang berobat ke poliklinik Metabolik-Endokrin RSUPN-CM. Pemeriksaan kadar vitamin D 25(OH)D menggunakan kit Diasorin dengan metode CLIA dan albuminuria dinilai berdasarkan kadar albumin pada sampel urine sewaktu. Analisis bivariat menggunakan metode chi square dan analisis multivariat menggunakan teknik regresi logistik. Hasil: Prevalensi defisiensi vitamin D 25(OH)D pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 sebesar 49% dengan nilai median kadar vitamin D 25(OH)D pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 adalah 16,35 ng/mL (4,2-41,4 ng/mL). Tidak didapatkan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara defisiensi vitamin D dengan albuminuria baik pada analisa bivariat maupun multivariat (OR 0,887;IK95% 0,335-2,296). Faktor perancu seperti kontrol gula darah yang buruk dan berat badan lebih sangat mempengaruhi hubungan antara defisiensi vitamin D dengan kejadian albuminuria pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2. Simpulan: Studi ini belum dapat menyimpulkan adanya hubungan antara defisiensi vitamin D 25(OH)D dengan albuminuria pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 di Indonesia.

---

Background: In line with the increasing number of patients with diabetes mellitus type 2, the incidence of diabetic nephropathy is also increased. Various factors aggravating diabetic nephropathy have been identified, among others vitamin D 25(OH)D level. Vitamin D has a non-calcemic effect on renin-angiotensin system, causing albuminuria. Previous studies showed a high prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and it was related to the incidence of albuminuria.

Aim: To know the association between vitamin D 25(OH)D level with albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in 96 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus at outpatient clinic of Metabolic-Endocrine Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Serum vitamin D level was assessed using Diasorin kit with CLIA method. Albuminuria was assessed using random urine sample. For bivariate analysis using chi square and multivariate analysis using regression logistic method.

Results: The prevalence of vitamin D 25(OH)D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 49% with a median value 16,35 ng / mL (4,2 - 41,4 ng /mL). There was no significant correlation between vitamin D deficiency with the severity of albuminuria (OR 0,887; 95% CI 0,335 to 2,296). Confounding factors such as poor blood glucose control and overweight strongly influenced the association between vitamin D deficiency with the incidence of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion: The results of this study have not been able to show an association between vitamin D deficiency with the severity of albuminuria in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Indonesia."