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"ABSTRAKMeningkatnya kebutuhan konsumsi minyak dan gas membuat Indonesiaketergantungan akan transaksi impor minyak mentah terhadap Negara lain. Haltersebut disebabkan oleh menurunnya tingkat produksi minyak mentah dalamnegeri, sehingga kebutuhan bahan bakar minyak tidak dapat terpenuhi meskipunbeberapa wilayah di Indonesia memiliki potensi tersebut. Terdapat beberapawilayah yang berpotensi memiliki sumber cadangan minyak mentah, dimana salahsatunya berada di wilayah perairan Laut Arafuru. Namun, ketersediaan alat yangsesuai, menjadi salah satu masalah yang perlu ditangani. Semi-submersible OilRig Platform, merupakan jenis platform yang sesuai. Peneliti melakukanperancangan desain dan menyesuaikan dengan lingkungan Laut Arafuru yangberpotensi memiliki 24.36 MMSTB cadangan minyak mentah. Peneliti jugamelakukan analisis Loads and Responses , analisis Response Amplitude Operator(RAO) serta melakukan analisis pemilihan Mooring Lines. Sehingga kapabilitasSemi-submersible Platform sesuai dengan lingkungan Laut Arafuru dankebutuhan minyak mentah Indonesia dapat terpenuhi tanpa harus melakukantransaksi impor ke negara lain.

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ABSTRACTThe increasingly of oil and gas consumption , make Indonesia dependenceto crude oil import transaction with another country. That is caused bydecreasingly crude oil production which is the impact of this goes to necessity ofoil and gas consumption that can?t to be fulfilled. Although, some of territory ofIndonesia have a potential of it. There are some territories which are potentiallyhave crude oil resources. And, Arafuru Ocean area is one of them. But, readinessof appropriate tools, is the one of problem that have to be fixed. Semi-submersibleOil Rig Platform is the one of appropriate Platform. So, the researcher make apreliminary design of platform by adjusting the platform that suits with theenvironmental of Arafuru Ocean which is potentially have 24.36 MMSTB ofcrude oil. Researcher also analyze the Loads and Responses the ResponseAmplitude Operator (RAO) and analyzing Mooring Lines Type that have to bechoose. With the result of that, the capability of Semi-submersible Platform willsuit with the environmental of Arafuru Ocean and the necessity of crude oil willbe fulfill without doing import transaction with another country."

"Salah satu hal yang menjadi hambatan utama dalam meningkatkan produksi minyak mentah di Indonesia ialah minimnya ketersediaan alat eksplorasi minyak yang dapat mengakomodasi beberapa titik kawasan berpotensi. Semi-submersible platform menjadi salah satu solusi untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut dengan kemampuannya yang dapat berpindah-pindah tempat dibandingkan dengan fixed platform. Dalam perancangannya, diperlukan suatu pengujian stabilitas pada rancangan desain untuk mengetahui kelayakan platform agar dapat bekerja secara optimal.

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One of the things that became an obstacle in increasing the production of crude oil in Indonesia is the lack of availability of oil exploration tool that can potentially accommodate some point region. Semi-submersible platform is a solution to overcome these problems with its ability to move where compared to fixed platforms. In the design process, it is needed to do a stability test to determine the feasibility of the platform in order to work optimally."

"ABSTRAKStudi analisis ini merupakan suatu kegiatan untuk menganalisis dan menghitung kekuatan struktur bangunan dan besar beban ekternal dari lingkungan untuk menghindari terjadinya fatigue failure pada perencanaan dan perancangan Bangunan Offshore Aquaculture agar mendapatkan hasil yang optimal serta bangunan dapat bertahan dalam kurun waktu lifetime design. Guna mencapai tujuan yang dimaksud, harus dilakukan analisis terhadap pembebanan pada struktur Offshore Aquaculture sendiri, yaitu beban angin, beban arus, beban ombak dan gaya tegangan tali pada mooring yang diderita Offshore Aquaculture dalam keadaan kondisi di tempat operasional, sehingga dari nilai stress yang didapatkan dari hasil analisis secara numerik, akan didapatkan nilai Fatigue Life untuk keseluruhan struktur. Adapun hasil analisis ini menyatakan bahwa pada saat keadaan badai, gaya total yang bekerja pada struktur adalah 10508.16 kN, tegangan total mooring lines pada struktur yaitu 122.21 kN, dan kekuatan tegangan struktur yang didapatkan adalah sekitar 116.97 MPa. Hasil studi analisis ini sudah sesuai dengan standar sehingga mampu diterapkan di laut dalam Wilayah ZEE Pantai Barat Sumatra, Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTThis analysis study is an activity to analyze and calculate the strength of the building structure and the environment external load to avoid fatigue failure in planning and designing the Offshore Aquaculture Building. The analysis is being conducted to obtain optimal results, so the building can survive its lifetime design period. To achieve the intended purpose, an analysis of the loading of the Offshore Aquaculture structure such as the wind load, current load, wave load, and total tension of mooring lines afflicted in Offshore Aquaculture. This analysis shall be performed in the operational location, so that as the value of maximum stress is obtained from numerical analysis, Fatigue Life for the whole structure could be calculated. The results of this analysis indicate that during storm conditions, the total force acting on the structure is 10508.16 kN, the total tension of mooring lines in the structure is 122.21 kN, and the structural strength of the structure is approximately 116.97 MPa. The results of this analysis study are all according to the standards, so that it can be applied in the deep sea ZEE region of West Shore of Sumatra, Indonesia."

"Perkembangan teknologi bidang kelautan semakin pesat seiring dengan kebutuhan zaman. Aktivitas eksploitasi sektor migas sudah merambah pada wilayah Deep Water sampai Ultra Deep Water. Namun pada realitasnya Indonesia belum mampu berperan aktif dalam pengembangan teknologi Mobile Offshore Platform Unit yang biasa digunakan untuk eksploitasi migas pada wilayah diatas. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari jenis anjungan yang digunakan pada eksploitasi migas lepas pantai masih banyak menggunakan struktur fixed platform dan lokasi eksploitasi masih terbatas pada wilayah perairan dangkal. Padahal Indonesia memiliki luas wilayah laut yang cukup besar, penggarapan cadangan migas pada wilayah perairan laut dalam harus mulai dilakukan, seperti di perairan Laut Arafura blok Masela yang diprediksi memiliki potensi gas alam hingga 20 tcf (trilion cubic feet) dan cadangan minyak bumi sebesar 24,36 mmstb (million stock tank barrels). Pada penelitian ini dilakukan studi kasus perancangan sebuah anjungan semi-submersible yang berfungsi sebagai Production Platform Unit yang digunakan pada eksploitasi migas di blok Masela, Laut Arafura. Rancangan tersebut dilengkapi dengan sistem pemosisian dinamik (dynamic positioning system) yang diuji pada skala model. Hasil dari eksperimen pada model uji tersebut digunakan untuk mengetahui tingkat akurasi dari penerapan sistem kontrol posisi Inertial Measurement Unit dan sensor ultrasonik terhadap beban lingkungan.

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Technology development in marine sector has a rapid development in line with the needs of the era. The exploitation activity of oil and gas sector has been expanded to the deep sea area until ultra deep sea area. Whereas in reality, Indonesia is unable to contribute actively in the technology development of Mobile Offshore Platform Unit which used for oil and gas exploitation in those area. It can be seen on the fact that the exploitation of offshore oil and gas still use fixed structure and the location of platform exploitation still limited to the shallow water areas. While Indonesia has a large sea area, the cultivation of oil and gas reserves in the sea area should begin to planned carefully, as in the Arafura Sea Masela block which was predicted have potential of natural gas reach out 20 tcf (trilion cubic feet), the petroleum reserves by 24, 36 MMSTB (million stock tank barrels). In this study, there is a study case of semi-submersible rig design that serves as a Production Platform unit used in oil and gas exploitation in the Masela Block, the Arafura Sea. The design is completed with a dynamic positioning system (DPS) which has been tested at scale models. Results of experiments on the test model is used to determine the accuracy of the application of a simple position control system that is using The Measurement Inertial Unit and ultrasonic sensors on the environment resistance."

"ABSTRAKPlatform Jacket yang telah difabrikasi di darat akan dibawa/ ditransportasi ke site dengan menggunakan kapal tongkang (barge) untuk di-install di lapangan migas. Selama proses transportasi diperlukan suatu pengikatan struktur jacket ke deck barge agar struktur Jacket tetap stabil diatas barge. Sistem pengikatan yang disebut seafastening ini harus di desain kuat untuk menerima beban yang diakibatkan oleh pergerakan (motion) kapal, yakni tiga gerakan translasional (surge, sway, heave) dan tiga gerakan rotasional (pitch, roll dan yawn). Gerakangerakan ini menimbulkan percepatan pada barge yang berakibat timbulnya gaya tambahan pada struktur diatasnya dan hal ini mempengaruhi tegangan pada seafastening. Perangkat lunak Multi Operational Structural Computer System (MOSES) dipergunakan sebagai alat bantu untuk permodelan Barge dan Jacket, serta perhitungan karakteristik Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) yang diakibatkan oleh beban lingkungan.Selanjutnya untuk menghitung tegangan yang terjadi pada seafastening, digunakan perangkat lunak Structural Analysis Computer System (SACS) dengan pembebanan berupa beban mati, beban angin dan beban inersia yang diakibatkan oleh motion kapal tongkang/ Barge. Besarnya tegangan harus memenuhi kriteria Unity Check (UC).

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ABSTRACT

Platform Jacket which fabricated in yard will be transported to the site with barge for installation. During the transport process, strong fastening system from jacket to deck barge is required so that the Jacket Structure remains stable on Barge. Fastening system that called seafastening must be in strong designs to accept the load caused by the movement of the barge, three translational motion (surge, sway, heave) and three rotational movement (pitch, roll and yawn). These movements cause the acceleration of the barge which result in the emergence additional force on the structure above, and this influences the stress at seafastening. Multi Operational Structural Engineering Simulator (MOSES) software is used as a tool for modeling of Barge and Jacket, as well as the calculation of the characteristics Response Amplitude Operator (RAO) caused by environmental.

Furthermore, to calculate the stress that occurs in seafastening, software Structural Analysis Computer System (SACS) is used, with the loads on a construction during seafastening is dead load of the structure, wind load and innertia load caused by the motion of barge / Barge. The magnitude of the stress of seafastening must meet the criteria of Unity Check (UC)."

"A method, called spectral response surface method, is proposed for the study of the ringing phenomenon of offshore structures. Newman?s results for diffraction force on a column were reformulated in terms of the frequency components of the ocean surface and their Hilbert transforms. Using a first-order reliability method together with a dynamic model for the structural response, it is straightforward to calculate the ocean surface history most likely to generate an extreme ringing response and the ringing response history. "

"This book provides a brief overview of passive, semi-active and active control schemes to deal with vibration of offshore platforms. It then comprehensively and systematically discusses the recent advances in active systems with optimal, sliding model, delayed feedback and network-based control. Intended for readers interested in vibration control and ocean engineering, it is particularly useful for researchers, engineers, and graduate students in the fields of system and control community, vibration control, ocean engineering, as well as electrical and electronic engineering."

"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai sejauh apa negara pantai dapat menerapakan yurisdiksinya terhadap anjungan minyak lepas pantai yang terpancang di landas kontinennya. Penelitian ini berbentuk yuridis-normatif dengan desain deskriptif analitis, yang bertujuan untuk pemahaman lebih lanjut mengenai konsep yurisdiksi negara pantai terhadap anjungan minyak lepas pantai secara komprehensif baik dalam the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf, the 1982 United Convention on the Law of the Sea, dan hukum nasional negara pantai. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan dalam kasus Arctic Sunrise (Kingdom of the Netherlands v. Russian Federation), negara pantai dalam menerapkan yurisdiksi pada anjungan minyak lepas pantai di landas kontinennya, tidak dapat diberlakukan sepenuhnya karena sudah berbatasan dengan rezim hukum laut lain yaitu rezim hukum laut lepas.

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The focus of this study is about the extent to which a coastal state may exercise its jurisdiction to offshore oil platforms which fixed on its continental shelf. This normative juridical with analytical descriptive, is aim for the further understanding of the concept of jurisdiction of coastal states to offshore oil platforms comprehensively which regulated in the 1958 Geneva Convention on the Continental Shelf, the 1982 United Convention on the Law of the Sea and the national law of the coastal State. Based on the analysis that has been done in the case of the Arctic Sunrise (the Kingdom of the Netherlands v. Russian Federation), a coastal state in the exercise of its jurisdiction to offshore oil platforms on the continental shelf, can not be fully enforced because it is bordered by the other legal regime of the sea, which is high sea."