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"Penelitian komposisi dan keanekaragaman jenis ikan di ekosistem padang lamun dan mangrove di Muara Binuangeun, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten telah dilakukan pada bulan Mei dan November 2015. Metode yang digunakan selama penelitian adalah tangkapan per unit usaha (Catch per Unit of Effort / CPUE) dengan alat tangkap berupa push-net dan serokan ikan. Penangkapan ikan dilakukan ketika kondisi air laut surut. Telah diperoleh 392 sampel ikan yang berasal dari 20 famili dan 50 spesies. Ikan yang didapatkan pada ekosistem mangrove berasal dari 11 famili dan 28 spesies, dengan kelimpahan yang tertinggi pada Istigobius ornatus (19,81 %), sedangkan pada ekosistem padang lamun didapatkan 17 famili dan 38 spesies, dengan kelimpahan yang tertinggi pada Moolgarda sp. (17,13 %). Nilai H?, E, dan D pada kedua ekosistem relatif sama. Hasil tangkapan berdasarkan perbedaan waktu pengambilan sampel menunjukkan perbedaan komposisi spesies ikan yang hadir, khususnya Arothron immaculatus. Nilai indeks kesamaan Jaccard pada kedua ekosistem menunjukkan angka yang rendah (0,32).

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Research of composition and species diversity of fish fauna in seagrass bed and mangrove ecosystem at Muara Binuangeun, Lebak, Banten had been conducted at May and November 2015. The method used during research was Catch per Unit of Effort (CPUE) with push net and boat net as fishing gear. Fishing was conducted during low tide. In total, 392 fish were captured from 20 family and 50 species. Fish were captured in mangrove ecosystem consist of 11 family and 28 species, with the most abundant species was Istigobius ornatus (19,81 %), and fish captured in seagrass bed ecosystem consist of 17 family and 38 species, with the most abundant species was Moolgarda sp. (17,13 %). H?, E, and D value for both ecosystem seemed relatively not different. But, the catch based on different fishing time displayed different fish composition, especially Arothron immaculatus. Both ecosystem showed low value for similarity index of Jaccard (0,32)."

"Penelitian mengenai struktur komunitas lamun di perairan Muara Binuangeun, Banten, telah dilakukan pada tanggal 6--9 November 2015. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas lamun yang mencakup persentase tutupan, frekuensi, kerapatan, indeks nilai kepentingan, indeks keanekaragaman, indeks kemerataan, dan indeks dominansi pada setiap stasiun di Muara Binuangeun. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa jumlah jenis lamun yang diperoleh di Muara Binuangeun sebanyak 3 jenis dari 2 suku. Persentase tutupan lamun di setiap stasiun berkisar antara 28,40--61,60%. Kerapatan lamun di setiap stasiun berkisar antara 637--1655 individu/m2. Jenis Thalassia hemprichii memiliki frekuensi tertinggi berkisar 86,67--100%, sedangkan Halodule uninervis merupakan jenis dengan frekuensi terendah berkisar 6,67--20%. Thalassia hemprichii memiliki indeks nilai kepentingan tertinggi di Muara Binuangeun berkisar 138--300%, sedangkan Halodule uninervis memiliki indeks nilai kepentingan terendah yang berkisar antara 4--12%. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman di Muara Binuangeun tergolong rendah berkisar antara 0--0,73, dengan nilai indeks dominansi yang tergolong tinggi pada stasiun 1 dan 2 (1,00), tergolong sedang pada stasiun 3 (0,53) dan tergolong rendah pada stasiun 4 (0,49). Nilai indeks kemerataan pada stasiun 1 dan 2 yang tergolong rendah (0), serta stasiun 3 (0,63) dan 4 (0,67) yang tergolong tinggi. Secara umum, struktur komunitas lamun pada lokasi penelitian tergolong tidak stabil karena tingkat keanekaragaman dan kemerataan yang rendah serta tingkat dominansi yang tinggi.

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Research on community structure of seagrass in waters of Muara Binuangeun, Banten, was conducted on November 6th -- November 9th, 2015. The study aims to determine the community structure of seagrass which includes diversity, cover percentage, frequency, density, importance values, diversity index, evenness index, and dominance index at all of station in Muara Binuangeun. The location of sampling was determined by purposive sampling. The results showed that there are 3 species of seagrass from 2 family in Muara Binuangeun. Percentage seagrass covering in each station ranged from 28,40--61,60%. Seagrass density at each station ranged from 637--1655 individuals/m2. Thalassia hemprichii is the highest frequency (86,67--100%), while Halodule uninervis is the lowest frequency (6,67--20%). Thalassia hemprichii has the highest importance index in Muara Binuangeun (138--300%), while Halodule uninervis has the lowest importance index(4--12%.). The diversity index value in Muara Binuangeun was considered as low (0--0,73), with the dominance index value was high at stations 1 and 2 (1,00), was moderate at station 3 (0,53) and was low in station 4 (0,49). Evenness index values at stations 1 and 2 were considered as low (0), was moderate at station 3 (0,63) and was high at station 4 (0,67). In general, the community structure of seagrass in Muara Binuangeun is unstable because of the diversity and evenness were low, and also dominance were high."

"Penelitian keanekaragaman dan kelimpahan fitoplankton di area bagan Perairan Muara Binuangeun, Banten telah dilakukan pada bulan April - Mei 2018. Sampel 3 stasiun diambil secara vertikal menggunakan plankton net berukuran 60 μm diperoleh 27 botol sampel. Hasil identifikasi dan pencacahan sampel diperoleh genus fitoplankton yang terdiri dari 12 Genus Diatom, 4 Genus Dinophyceae, dan 1 Genus Cyanophyceae. Kelimpahan fitoplankton tertinggi pada stasiun 3 dengan 692 individu sel/L dan terendah pada stasiun 1 dengan 319 individu sel/L dan tergolong dalam kategori sedang. Genus fitoplankton yang mendominansi di area bagan perairan Muara Binuangeun adalah Thalassiothrix. Genus Dinophyceae yang dominan adalah Ceratium, dan Genus Cyanophyceae yang dominan adalah Trichodesmium. Keanekaragaman fitoplankton di area bagan perairan Muara Binuangeun termasuk dalam kategori sedang. Kekayaan dan kemerataan fitoplankton di kedua wilayah perairan tergolong rendah dan cukup merata.

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Research on the diversity and abundance of phytoplankton in the fish farm area Muara Binuangeun, Banten waters were conducted in April - May 2018. Samples of 3 stations were taken vertically using a 60 μm plankton net obtained by 27 bottles of samples. The results of identification and enumeration of samples obtained by phytoplankton genera consisting of 12 genera of Diatoms, 4 genera of Dinophyceae, and 1 genera of Cyanophyceae. The highest phytoplankton abundance was at station 3 with 692 individual cells/L and the lowest at station 1 with 319 individual cells/L and belonging to the medium category. Phytoplankton dominating the area of the Muara Binuangeun watershed is Thalassiothrix. The dominant genus of Dinophyceae is Ceratium, and the dominant genus of Cyanophyceae is Trichodesmium. The diversity of phytoplankton in the Muara Binuangeun fish farm area is included in the medium category. The richness and evenness of phytoplankton in both waters is relatively low and fairly even. "

"[ABSTRAKbrPenelitian mengenai struktur komunitas diatom epifit pada daun lamun di padang lamun perairan Muara Binuangeun, Banten telah dilakukan pada tanggal 30 April -- 3 Mei 2015. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas Diatom epifitik pada daun lamun Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. antara lain, komposisi genus, kepadatan, dominansi, keanekaragaman, dan kemerataan pada setiap stasiun di Muara Binuangeun, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa komposisi Diatom epifitik yang diperoleh di lokasi penelitian sebanyak 12 genus dari 4 kelas. Kepadatan Diatom epifitik tiap stasiun berkisar antara 91800 – 420560 sel/ dm2. Nilai indeks dominansi berkisar antara 0,617—0,917 dan tergolong tinggi di setiap stasiun, hal tersebut disebabkan karena terdapat genus Navicula yang mendominasi disetiap stasiun. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman di setiap stasiun penelitian tergolong rendah (berkisar antara 0,25—0,86). Nilai indeks kemerataan berkisar antara 0,1—0,36 dengan stasiun 1 dan 4 tergolong tidak merata, sedangkan pada stasiun 2 dan 3 tergolong kurang merata. Rendahnya nilai indeks keanekaragaman dan kemerataan disebabkan karena adanya tekanan ekologis pada lokasi penelitian. Secara umum, struktur komunitas Diatom epifitik pada lokasi penelitian tergolong tidak stabil karena tingkat dominansi yang tinggi, keanekaragaman yang rendah, dan kemerataan yang tidak merata dan kurang merata.;Research on community structure of epiphyte Diatom on Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. leaves at seagrass beds Muara Binuangeun Coastal, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten was conducted on 30 April -- 3 May 2015. The aim of this study was to determine community structure of epiphyte Diatom on Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. leaves include genus composition, abundance, dominance, diversity, and evenness each stations at Muara Binuangeun, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten. Sampling location was determineted by purposive sampling method. Result shows that 4 classis 12 genera Diatom epiphytic composition was obtained . Diatom epiphytic abundance range in each station was 91800 – 420560 sel/ dm2. Dominance index score range was 0,617—0,917 and was classified as high at each stations because genus Navicula dominant in each stations. Diversity index score was classified as low (0,25—0,86) at each stations. Evenness index score range was 0,1—0,36 with station 1 and 4 classifed as highly unevenn and station 2 and 3 was classified as unevenly. Diversity and evenness index score was low because there were ecological pressures. In general, community structure of epiphyte Diatom in research location was unstable because dominance index was high, diversity index was low, and evenness index was highly uneven and unevenly., Research on community structure of epiphyte Diatom on Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. leaves at seagrass beds Muara Binuangeun Coastal, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten was conducted on 30 April -- 3 May 2015. The aim of this study was to determine community structure of epiphyte Diatom on Thalassia hemprichii (Ehrenb. ex Solms) Asch. leaves include genus composition, abundance, dominance, diversity, and evenness each stations at Muara Binuangeun, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten. Sampling location was determineted by purposive sampling method. Result shows that 4 classis 12 genera Diatom epiphytic composition was obtained . Diatom epiphytic abundance range in each station was 91800 – 420560 sel/ dm2. Dominance index score range was 0,617—0,917 and was classified as high at each stations because genus Navicula dominant in each stations. Diversity index score was classified as low (0,25—0,86) at each stations. Evenness index score range was 0,1—0,36 with station 1 and 4 classifed as highly unevenn and station 2 and 3 was classified as unevenly. Diversity and evenness index score was low because there were ecological pressures. In general, community structure of epiphyte Diatom in research location was unstable because dominance index was high, diversity index was low, and evenness index was highly uneven and unevenly.]"

"Bentuk talus makroalga dan faktor lingkungan dapat memengaruhi kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroalga epifitik. Sementara itu, penelitian tentang kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroalga epifitik di Muara Binuangeun belum pernah dilakukan. Oleh sebab itu, dilakukan penelitian tentang kelimpahan dan keanekaragaman mikroalga epifitik pada makroalga, serta menganalisa pengaruh faktor lingkungan dan bentuk talus makroalga terhadap kelimpahan mikroalga epifitik pada makroalga di rataan terumbu Muara Binuangeun. Sampel mikroalga epifitik pada makroalga diambil dari 4 stasiun penelitian yang dipilih berdasarkan keberadaan makroalga. Hubungan mikroalga epifitik dengan bentuk talus makroalga diuji menggunakan uji Chi Square, sedangkan pengaruh parameter lingkungan dengan kelimpahan mikroalga epifitik diuji dengan uji korelasi Spearman. Kelimpahan mikroalga epifitik tertinggi terdapat makroalga berdaging dengan permukaan kasar, seperti Sargassum. Sementara itu, keanekaragaman mikroalga epifitik tertinggi terdapat pada Turbinaria. Mikroalga epifitik yang memiliki asosiasi dengan bentuk talus makroalga adalah Amphora. Amphora berasosiasi positif dengan bentuk talus berdaun. Parameter lingkungan yang cenderung berkorelasi kuat dengan kelimpahan mikroalga epifitik yaitu DO dan salinitas.

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Macroalgae form and environmental parameters may affect the abundance and diversity of epiphytic microalgae. Meanwhile, research on the abundance and diversity of epiphytic microalga in Muara Binuangeun has naver been done. Therefore, this research was conducted to determine abundance and diversity of epiphytic microalgae on macroalgae, and analized the effect of environment factor and macroalgae form to abundance of epiphytic microalgae on macroalgae in Muara Binuangeun reef flat. Samples of epiphytic microalgae were taken from 4 station which selected based on macroalgae presence. The relationship between epiphytic microalgae and macroalgae form was tested using Chi Square test, whereas effect of environmental parameter on the abundance of epiphytic microalgae tested using Spearman test. The highest abundance of epiphytic microalgae found in Sargassum and the highest diversity of epiphytic microalgae found in Turbinaria. Epiphytic microalgae that has associations with macroalgae form is Amphora. Amphora has positively associated with foliose macroalgae. Environmental parameters tend to be strongly correlated with abundance of epiphytic microalgae are DO and salinity."

"Usaha mitigasi perubahan iklim dengan memanfaatkan vegetasi laut sebagaipenyerap blue carbon saat ini sedang digencarkan, salah satu vegetasi tersebut ialahmakroalga. Muara Binuangeun, Banten yang terletak di pesisir pulau Jawa merupakankawasan yang berpotensi sebagai penyerap CO2 dan dihuni oleh beragam jenismakroalga, antara lain Gracilaria verrucosa yang merupakan makroalga denganfrekuensi kehadiran tertinggi dan Halimeda opuntia yang dikenal sebagai makroalgaberkapur dimana kandungan nutriennya pernah diteliti di Muara Binuangeunsebelumnya. Penelitian ini telah dilakukan pada bulan Maret--Mei 2018, dengan tujuanuntuk mengetahui seberapa besar perbedaan potensi penyerapan dan penyimpanankarbon pada makroalga Gracilaria verrucosa dan Halimeda opuntia di MuaraBinuangeun, Banten. Hasil penelitian yang didapatkan yaitu rata-rata potensipenyerapan karbon G. verrucosa dan H. opuntia berturut-turut adalah sebesar 228,73gC/m2/hari dan 1500,57 gC/m2/hari, sedangkan rata-rata potensi penyimpanan karbonG. verrucosa dan H. opuntia berturut-turut adalah sebesar 135,29 gC/m2/hari dan217,01 gC/m2/hari. Kandungan karbon pada G. verrucosa adalah sebesar 4,47 sedangkan H. opuntia sebesar 4,64 . Berdasarkan analisis hasil uji T, potensipenyerapan karbon H. opuntia secara signifikan lebih tinggi dari G. verrucosa danpenyimpanan karbon H. opuntia lebih tinggi dari G. verrucosa namun tidak signifikan.Selain itu, kadar abu pada H. opuntia lebih tinggi daripada G. verrucosa dan kadar airH. opuntia lebih rendah daripada G. verrucosa. Hal tersebut dikarenakan H. opuntialebih banyak menyimpan karbon dalam bentuk zat kapur. Oleh karena itu, usahakonservasi dapat dilakukan pada makroalga yang berpotensi tinggi dalam penyerap danpenyimpan karbon seperti H. opuntia untuk mengurangi emisi karbon dari atmosfer.

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Efforts to mitigate climate change by utilizing marine vegetation as a blue carbonabsorber are currently being intensified, one of which is macroalgae vegetation. MuaraBinuangeun, Banten, which is located on the coast of Java, is a potential area as a CO2absorber and is inhabited by various types of macroalgae, including Gracilariaverrucosa which is the macroalgae with the highest attendance frequency and Halimedaopuntia, known as calcareous macroalgae, whose nutrient content have been studied inMuara Binuangeun before. This research was conducted in March May 2018, with theaim to know how much the difference of the carbon absorption and storage potentialbetween Gracilaria verrucosa and Halimeda opuntia in Muara Binuangeun, Banten.The result showed that the average carbon absorption potential of G. verrucosa and H.opuntia was 228.73 gC m2 day and 1500.57 gC m2 day, respectively, while the averagecarbon storage potential of G. verrucosa and H. opuntia were respectively 135.29gC m2 day and 217.01 gC m2 day. The carbon content of G. verrucosa was 4.47 whileH. opuntia was 4.64. Based on the analysis of T test results, the potential of H.opuntia carbon absorption was significantly higher than G. verrucosa and the carbonstorage of H. opuntia was higher than G. verrucosa but not significant. In addition, ashcontent in H. opuntia is higher than G. verrucosa while H. opuntia water content islower than G. verrucosa. It is because H. opuntia stores more carbon in the form ofcalcium carbonate. Therefore, conservation efforts can be done on high potential macroalgaein carbon sinks and storage such as H. opuntia to reduce carbon emissions fromthe atmosphere."

"Fish fauna survey biodiversity was conducted in Ujung Kulon National Park, Pandeglang-West Java, to reveal fish diversity in mangrove ecosystem. Samples were caught using electrofish (12 V 10A), gill net (mesh sized 1-1.5 cm) and fishing tackle. Result showed that there were 58 fish species belongs to 34 families and 43 genera gobiidae was a dominant famili with 3 species. Cigenter river has highest diversity with H = 2.74, E=0.930, d = 5.346. Serinding fish (Ambassis dussumieri) was the highest abundance compared to others."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran persepsi risiko keselamatan masyarakat di desa Muara Binuangeun, Kecamatan Wanasalam, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten terkait kegiatan eksplorasi oleh PT X pada tahun 2013 menggunakan paradigma psikometri. Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 165 responden pada bulan November—Desember 2013 menggunakan desain cross-sectional, data primer berupa kuesioner, FGD, dan wawancara informan kunci, data sekunder berupa gambaran penduduk secara umum. Parameter yang digunakan adalah skala likert angka 1(sangat tidak setuju)—4 (sangat setuju). Nilai rata-rata masing-masing dimensi dihitung dimana angka 1(rendah), 2—3(sedang), 4(baik). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata dimensi paradigma psikometri tergolong sedang (2,1—2,7 skala 4), artinya persepsi masyarakat cukup baik dan perlu ditingkatkan lagi. Dimensi ketakutan dipersepsikan rendah, artinya masyarakat belum sepenuhnya tahu akan risiko kegiatan. Penelitian menunjukkan persepsi risiko masyarakat terkait kegiatan eksplorasi tidak berhubungan dengan usia, jenis kelamin, jenis pekerjaan, serta tingkat pendidikan (p-value>α(0,05). Untuk menghindari kejadian yang tidak diinginkan terutama terkait isu keselamatan terkait kegiatan eksplorasi, perlu dilakukan sosialisasi menyeluruh kepada masyarakat di desa Muara Binuangeun, Kecamatan Wanasalam, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten.

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This study aims to provide an overview of public safety risk perception in the desa Muara Binuangeun , Kecamatan Wanasalam, Kabupaten Lebak , Banten related exploration activities by PT X in 2013 using the psychometric paradigm. The study was conducted on 165 respondents in November-December 2013. Design of study is cross - sectional , primary data obtained from questionnaires , FGD and key informant interviews, secondary data provide an overview of the general public. This study used likert scale as follows 1 (very disagree)—4 (very agree). The mean value of each dimension is calculated, which is defined as follows: 1(low), 2—3(moderate), 4(good).

The results showed that the average value of the psychometric paradigm in risk perception were moderate ( 2.1 to 2.7 on a scale of 4 ), meaning that the public perception is quite good and need to be increased again. Study shows that the dread dimension quite low, meaning people do not fully know the risks of the activities. Research shows the public perception of risks associated exploration activities not related to age , gender , occupation , and education level (p-value>α(0,05). To avoid undesirable events primarily related safety issues in exploration activities, dissemination efforts to the entire community needs to be done."

"Penelitian mengenai Struktur Komunitas Echinodermata di Padang Lamun Perairan Muarabinuangeun, Kabupaten Lebak, Banten, telah dilakukan pada tanggal 6--9 Mei 2016. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengetahui struktur komunitas Echinodermata yang mencakup kelimpahan jenis dan keanekaragaman jenis pada setiap stasiun penelitian di Muarabinuangeun. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling dan pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode belt transect. Lokasi penelitian terdiri atas 4 stasiun, dan setiap stasiun terdiri atas 3 transek sebagai pengulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat tiga kelas Echinodermata yang ditemukan di seluruh stasiun penelitian, yaitu Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, dan Ophiuroidea. Jenis Ophiuroidea schoenleinii memiliki nilai kelimpahan 734 ind/m2, Macrophiothrix rugosa 542 ind/m2, Ophiuroidea erinaceus 397ind/m2, Holothuria leucospilota 13 ind/m2, Holothuria impatients 3 ind/m2, dan Diadema setosum 2 ind/m2. Nilai indeks keanekaragaman di Muarabinuangeun tergolong rendah, berkisar antara 0,3--0,70 H.

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Research on Echinoderms community structure of seagrass beds in the Muarabinuangeun Waters, Banten, was conducted on Mei 6th Mei 9th, 2016. The study aims to determine community structure Echinodermata which includes the abundance of species and species diversity at every station in Muarabinuangeun. Determining the location of the sampling done by purposive sampling and sampling carried out by the belt transect method. Location of the study consisted of four stations, and each station consists of 3 transects as repetition.

The results showed that there are three classes of Echinodermata were found throughout the research station, which Echinoidea, Holothuroidea, and Ophiuroidea. Type Ophiuroidea schoenleinii have an abundance value 734 ind m2, Macrophiothrix rugosa 542 ind m2, Ophiuroidea erinaceus 397 ind m2, Holothuria leucospilota 13 ind m2, Holothuria impatients 3 ind m2, and Diadema setosum 2 ind m2. An index value of diversity in Muarabinuangeun relatively low, ranging from 0.30 to 0.70 H."

"Penelitian mengenai potensi stok dan serapan karbon ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Tunda telah dilakukan pada bulan April--Juni 2016. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi stok dan serapan karbon ekosistem mangrove, mengetahui spesies mangrove yang memiliki stok dan serapan karbon potensial, dan memperoleh estimasi harga karbon ekosistem mangrove di Pulau Tunda. Penentuan lokasi pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara purposive sampling pada enam stasiun bagian selatan dan timur Pulau Tunda. Berdasarkan hasil analisis kandungan karbon ekosistem mangrove Pulau Tunda, diperoleh nilai biomassa 196,76 ton/ ha, stok karbon 91,48 ton/ ha, dan serapan karbon 335,06 ton/ ha. Proporsi stok dan serapan karbon terbesar tingkat pohon dan pancang mangrove di Pulau Tunda berasal dari spesies Excoecaria agallocha yaitu 107,47 ton/ ha dan 392,23 ton/ ha. Ekosistem mangrove Pulau Tunda memiliki estimasi harga karbon sebesar Rp 88.690.382--Rp 221.725.955 ton/ ha.

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Research on the carbon uptake and stock potency of mangrove ecosystem in Tunda Island was conducted on April--June, 2016. The aim of the study was to analyze the mangrove ecosystem potency of carbon stock and its uptake, to know the mangrove species that has potential carbon stock and its uptake, and to estimate the potency of carbon price mangroveecosystem in Tunda Island. The location of sampling was determined by purposive sampling at six stations of south and east part Tunda Island.

The analysis result of carbon content at Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem showed that, biomass 196.76 ton/ ha, carbon stock 91.48 ton/ ha, and carbon uptake 335.06 ton/ ha. The largest proportion of the stock and carbon uptake at the level of mangrove tree and sapling in Tunda Island derived from Excoecaria agallocha, that is 107.47 ton/ ha and 392.23 ton/ ha. Tunda Island mangrove ecosystem have an estimated total carbon price of Rp 88.690.382--Rp 221.725.955 ton/ ha."