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"The ease on development of micro-satellites using relativity simplified facilities and with relatively less costs have provided the opportunity on development of experimental micro-satellites to provide earth observation information to support development efforts in Indonesia. A functional analysis assessment is implemented to the integrated operational activity of the ground station regarding remote sensing data acquisition and satellite control operation according to user data request. The description of ground station telemetry and command operational functions consist of several coordinated aspects of satellite in-orbit maintenance, operation of satellite payload, and scheduling of satellite data acquisitions."

"As an extensive archipelago state with an wide-ranging diversity of natural resources and environmen, as well as the dynamic character of its people. It is evident that Indonesia requires space applications to accelerate development process for the people's prosperity. One of the most significant application of space is earth observation by means of remote sensing satellites. The progress on electronics, solid state telecommunications and data processing technology have provided the opportunity on the technology development and production of remote sensing micro satellites that are simple, low-cost and effective. An analysis on the function of various sub-systems for remote sensing micro satellites is performed, related to the integrated functioon of the satellite in support of the remote sensing sensor payload data acquisition in orbit. Other important function of various satellite sub-systems is to maintain satellite health and safety of satellite operation in orbit as long as the intended satellite lifetime. The presentation is expected to provide a general description on the function of remote sensing satellite sub-systems."

"Periodic magnetic storms are those related to reccurent coronal hole events within a period of one solar rotation. There are still few studies on successive periodic magnetic storm. In this paper, we discuss the nature of the amplitude of the periodic magnetic storms within the solar cycle 20,21,22, and 23. The periodic nature of solar wind ( 27 days) occured on descending phase of solar cycle 22 also caused a reccurent geomagnetic disturbance. The disturbance developed into a geomagnetic storm in the first (27 days) and the ninth rotation. The geomegnetic disturbances with period 27 and 13.5 days are both significant at the low latitude while the period of 30 days are more dominant at the high latitude. That mean, from two flows of high velicity plasmas, only one that higher contribution on the occurence of geomagnetic disturbance accompanied by high intensity southern Bz field."

"(software) of the IR1 (Infrared) and the calibration (CAL), it can be known when the dry season start based on the cloud top temperature and the cloud coverage of Indonesia. The results of the monthly MTSAT data in two years observations (period 2006 to 2007), shows that the dry season beginning of Indonesia is in June, July, August, September and October started from the eastern part of Indonesia to the western part of Indonesia especially the South Sumatera. Further by using Standard Presipitation Index (SPI) methods in June, July, August, September and October 2007 (five months), gives some information that the most experiencing drought areas in Indonesia especially in the eastern part of Indonesia are July and August. Keyword:Rainfall, MTSAT, drought "

"Some micro satellite and small satellite remote sensing systems which are operating and being operated in the national / regional / global region was studied based on the current literatures or informations. The study results can be used as considerations tool in the development of the micro satellite LAPAN-TUBSAT for the next generations. The study results among others are the satellites and their imager sensors technical capability., the image data characteristis and also data applications of : 1. the micro satellite LAPAN-TUBSAT, 2. the micro satellite DLR TUBSAT, 3. the small satellite SUNSAT XE, 4. the constellation of small satellites FUEGO, 5. the constellation of small satellites GOAL and Go, and 6. the small satellite DIAMANT. Another result showed that the use of constellation of a number small or micro satellites on LEO orbit are necessary especially for disaster detection and monitoring and disaster relief assistance or another applications which need high temporal resolution or real time remote sensing data. There are 4 micro or small satellite remote sensing systems obtained in this study which can be considered to be used to develop the micro satellite LAPAN TUBSAT for the next generations, ie the small satellite SUNSAT XE or the constellation of small satellites SUNSAT XE, 2. FUEGO : a dedicated constellation of small satellites to detect and monitoring forest fires, 3.the constellation of small satellites GOAL and GO for disaster monitoring and disaster relief assistance, 4. the small satellite DIAMANT or the constellation of small satellites DIAMANT, which all described in this paper."

"Satelit-mikro Beijing-1 diluncurkan pada tanggal 27 Oktober 2005, dari Plesetsk Cosmodrome di Rusia bagian Utara ke Orbit Bumi Rendah pada ketinggian 686-km, dengan umur operasi diharapkan lebih dari 5 tahun. Satelit-mikro Beijing-1 dengan massa 166 kg, dilengkapi dengan sensor pencitra kamera Pankromatik yang menghasilkan citra Pankromatik, dengan resolusi spasial tinggi (4 m ) dengan lebar liputan satu citra 27 km, dan sensor pencitra multi-spectral 3-kanal yang menghasilkan citra resolusi medium (32 m) dengan lebar liputan satu citra 600 km, dan resolusi temporal 5 hari. Satelit Beijing-1 (DMC+4) bergabung dengan 4 anggota Konstelasi Pemantauan Bencana Alam (Disaster Monitoring Constellation-DMC), yang mencakup satelit-satelit dari Aljazair, Turki, Nigeria dan Inggris (UK), yang dikoordinasikan secara internasional oleh DMCii, satu perusahaan cabang dari SSTL. Dengan mengoperasikan 5 satelit-mikro tersebut dalam satu konstelasi yang bekerja bersama-sama, DMC mampu mengumpulkan citra dari lokasi di mana saja di dunia dalam 24 jam pada basis harian. Tulisan ini menguraikan: karakteristik teknis satelit-mikro Beijing-1 dan DMC, karakteristik teknis sensor pada Beijing-1, karakteristik data citra, aplikasi data, dan analisis pemanfaatan data Beijing-1untuk berbagai aplikasi. Metode pelaksanaan kajian adalah mempelajari materi studi berdasarkan literatur/informasi/data yang diperoleh dari badan/lembaga pemilik satelit serta dari media internet, dan sumbersumber referensi literatur lainnya/hasil-hasil penelitian yang berkembang dewasa ini, serta melakukan analisis."

"Satelit CARTOSAT-1 yang didedikasikan terhadap pandangan stereo untuk pemetaan skala luas dan aplikasi-aplikasi pemodelan lahan, telah diluncurkan dengan roket IndiaPSLV-C6 (Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle-C6), pada tanggal 5 Mei 2005 dari lokasi peluncuran di Sriharikota, India. Tulisan ini menguraikan karakteristik teknis satelit CARTOSAT-1 dan sensor yaitu: dua buah kamera Pankromatik, karakteristik data citra CARTOSAT-1, produk data CARTOSAT-1, aplikasi data CARTOSAT-1, serta analisis pemanfaatan data CARTOSAT-1 untuk berbagai bidang aplikasi. Metode pelaksanaan kajian adalah dengan mempelajari literatur/informasi/data yang diperoleh dari operator satelit, media internet, hasil-hasil penelitian yang berkembang dewasa ini, dan melakukan analisis."

"The technical capability of IRS-P6 satellite remote sensing system i.e. the satellite system and its sensors, the data characteristics and the data product types, and also the data application was studied based on the current literatures or informations. The study results can be used as considerations tool in the alternative data to replace the ETM plus LANDSAT data in SLC OFF condition. The result also can be used as a consideration in the development of LAPAN REMOTE SENSING GROUND STATION FOR THE CONTINUITY OF REMOTE SENSING DATA SERVICE IN iNDONESIA AND ALSO TO SOLVE THE etm plus LANDSAT in SLC OFF condition. The study results among others are the technical capability of IRS-P6 satellite system and its sensors i.e: LISS III, LISS IV and AWIFS, the data characteristics, the dsata product types and also the main data application. Another result showed that the LISS III IRS-P6 data can be used to replace the ETM plus LANDSAT data in SLF OFF condition based on the capability of the IRS-P6 sensors or the data ie : spectral resolution, spatial resolution, radiometric resolution, temporal resolution and also the data swath ; however the thermal band spectral is not exist to replace the ETM plus LANDSAT. The considerations or the advantages in the use each of IRS-P6 (LISS III, LISS IV, AWiFS) data for various applications is also presented in this paper."

"Estuaria merupakan wilayah peralihan dimana air sungai yang bersalinitas rendah bercampur dengan air laut yang bersalinitas tinggi. Perubahan sebaran salinitas yang dinamis di estuaria mempengaruhi kualitas dan pemanfaatan air. Zonasi salinitas dibuat agar pemanfaatan lingkungan perairan lebih optimal. Nilai salinitas permukaan perairan didapat dari hasil interpretasi citra Landsat-5 TM menggunakan algorithma salinitas (Wouthuyzen dkk. 2008). Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan terdapat empat zona di estuaria Muaragembong, yaitu: Zona Limnetic, Mexo-Oligohaline, Mexo-Mesohaline, dan Mexo-Polyhaline. Keberadaan zona tersebut bergantung pada variasi salinitas yang ditentukan oleh tingkat pencampuran salinitas yang dipengaruhi oleh debit sungai, curah hujan, kondisi pasang surut, dan arus permukaan laut.

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Estuary is a transition area where low salinity river water mixed with high salinity sea water. Dinamically Changes of salinity distribution in estuary can influence the water quality and utility. Zonation of salinity was create to make utilization of aquatic environtment be more optimum. Surface water salinity was getting by interpretation result of Landsat-5 TM satellite image with salinity equation (Wouthuyzen et al. 2008).

This research conclude that in Muaragembong estuary there is four zone that is Limnetic, Mexo-Oligohaline, Mexo-Mesohaline and Mexo Polyhaline. These zone existence depend on salinity variation that was determined by the grade of salinity mixture that was influenced by river water discharge, precipitation, tide and sea surface current."

"Serial Satelit CBERS (China Brazil Earth Resources Satellite) atau ZY (Zi Yuan) adalah suatu progam kerjasama antara CAST (Chinese Academy of Space Technology), Republik China, dan INPE (Instituto de Pesquisas Espaciais), Brazil. CBERS-1 adalah satelit pertama, diluncurkan pada tanggal 14 October, 1999, menggunakan roket China Long March 4B, dari Pusat Peluncuran di Taiyuan, Provinsi Shanxi, kira-kira 750 kilometer dari Beijing bagian tenggara. CBERS-1 beroperasi sampai dengan tanggal 13 Augustus 2003. CBERS-2 diluncurkan pada tanggal 21 Oktober 2003, sebagai pengganti dari pendahulunya. CBERS-2B diluncurkan pada tanggal 19 September 2007. CBERS-3 dan CBERS-4 akan mengikutinya, masing-masing direncanakan akan diluncurkan pada tahun 2010, dan 2012. Tulisan ini menguraikan karakteristik teknis serial satelit CBERS dan sensor-sensor yaitu: Wide Field Imager (WFI) (pada satelit CBERS-1, 2, dan 2B), High Resolution CCD Camera (HRCC) (pada satelit CBERS-1, 2, dan 2B), Infrared Multispectral Scanner (IRMSS) (hanya pada CBERS-1), dan High-Resolution Panchromatic Camera (HRC) (hanya pada CBERS-2B), karakteristik data serial satelit CBERS, aplikasi data serial satelit CBERS, serta analisis pemanfaatan data CBERS untuk bermacam aplikasi. Metode pelaksanaan kajian adalah dengan mempelajari literatur/informasi/ data yang diperoleh dari operator satelit, internet, hasil-hasil penelitian yang berkembang dewasa ini, dan melakukan analisis."