Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Desentralisasi dengan konsep populernya dalam mendorong dan mempercepat pembangunan di daerah di pandang sebagai solusi bagi permasalahan pembangunan khususnya di negara berkembang. Akan tetapi sejalan dengan pelaksanaannya, desentralisasi juga memicu timbulnya berbagai permasalahan baru. Studi ini khususnya menganalisis kebijakan desentralisasi dalam Undang-Undang No.6/2014 tentang Desa di Indonesia dan menganalisis sejauh mana UU ini mampu mendorong percepatan pembangunan perdesaan. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan perbandingan studi kasus dari berbagai peraturan perundangan dan program kebijakan yang sudah dilaksanakan di Indonesia terkait desa, studi ini mengidentifikasi bahwa UU Desa memiliki potensi yang sangat besar untuk mempercepat pembangunan perdesaan dengan diberikannya kewenangan yang lebih besar kepada desa dalam hal pembangunan di desa. Akan tetapi, studi ini juga mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan yang dapat menghalangi optimalisasi pelaksanaan UU Desa termasuk pemekaran, konflik, dan keterbatasan pendanaan baik di tingkat pusat dan daerah."

"Since implementing the decentralization mechanism back in 2001, Indonesia's regionsl province/district/cities have been mushroomed. Having rapid changes in its administrative system has brought may implicationa on how the urban development policy shapes the change of the livelihood. Some of the scholars argue that decentralization process would bring negative aspects. First, the decentralization has brought local government as rent-seeking actors. The second aspect is related to weak government institutions. Third, the decentralization policy has beeb seen as uneven in character, Fourth, decentralization has null effects on urban development....."

"Pada tahun 2015, pemerintah Indonesia meluncurkan program dana desa yang diberikan kepada pemerintah desa. Dana desa diharapkan dapat mendorong pembangunan berkelanjutan yang mempercepat daerah miskin mengejar ketertinggalan dari daerah kaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak dana desa terhadap proses konvergensi antar desa dan kelurahan dan antar desa. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dana desa tidak berdampak bahkan memperlambat proses konvergensi antar desa dan kelurahan dan antar desa. Dan dana desa berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan intensitas cahaya malam sebagai proksi aktivitas ekonomi.

---

In 2015, the Indonesian government launched the village fund program given to rural-village. The village fund is expected to encourage sustainable development that accelerates poor areas to catch up with affluent areas. The study aims to identify the impact of the village fund program on the convergence process between rural- and urban-village and within rural-village. The study found village fund has no impact even slowing down convergence process between rural- and urban-village and within rural-village. Moreover, the village fund decreased night light intensity growth as a proxy economic activity."

"This paper tries to estimate the relationship between fiscal decentralization and government size in Indonesia by employing de Mello?s model. The impact of fiscal decentralization on government size is estimated by doing a regression on the government size indicator (as a dependent variable) that is affected by: the decentralization indicator, local government collusion indicator, and the control variable (as independent variables). The results indicated that there is a positive relation between the government size and decentralization indicators when we use the relative size of local government expenditures and fragmentation ratios as a proxy. On the other hand, the author found an irrelevant and even negative relationship between tax/non-tax autonomy and the government size. "

"ABSTRACTVillage is relatively small entity occupied by homogeneous people and tied by local norms andcustom as well. In Indonesia, village has autonomus authority to manage and to govern dailyactivities since Government of Indonesia issued Indonesian Act Number 6/2014 about Village.The law mentions that village can get, search, and spend its village budget to accelerate villagedevelopment. In practice, use of village budget is questionable due to complex issues in field.One of important things in allocating village budget is aimed to accelerate villagedevelopment. Therefore, innovation is substantial to develop village sustainably, it comprisesa newness of product or process or organization or marketing. Therein, village budget isimportant to develop fresh ideas to innovation in one or more of innovation types mentionedabove. Whereas, innovation is an invention and its commersialisation to market, by which itis promoted by social-economic interest. In Indonesia, local innovation is promoted by Law ofGovernment Number 38/2017 about Local Innovation where village is part of localgovernment. This study is a descriptive-qualitative research method using secondary data. Theanalysis is content analysis technique with focusing on substance of local innovation andvillage budget of both laws. Due to this study is literature and act review only, analysis isdeveloped through innovation policy framework. And the significant result is that both lawsare appropriate to accelerate village development in Indonesia based on innovation,eventhough capacity of human resource and administrative management at villagegovernment level are necessarily considered."

"Indonesia mengimplementasikan konsep Community-Driven Development di wilayah perdesaan melalui Dana Desa sejak tahun 2015. Dana Desa menjadi salah satu instrumen untuk meminimalisasi dampak Covid-19 di wilayah perdesaan melalui kegiatan Padat Karya Tunai Desa dan Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran evaluasi dampak Dana Desa dan BLT Dana Desa pada kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat perdesaan di setiap kuantil rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data karakteristik 35.759 rumah tangga yang diperoleh dari data Susenas Maret & September 2020 yang disesuaikan dengan data Dana Desa di setiap wilayah kabupaten/kota. Data dianalisis menggunakan Smoothed Instrumental Variables Quantile Regression yang mampu mengatasi isu endogenitas dan menghasilkan estimasi yang robust. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dana Desa dan BLT Dana Desa berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat perdesaan, tetapi dampaknya lebih dirasakan oleh masyarakat lapisan menengah ke atas. Rumah tangga yang lebih banyak merasakan manfaat Dana Desa adalah rumah tangga di wilayah Sumatera, sedangkan rumah tangga yang lebih banyak merasakan manfaat BLT Dana Desa adalah rumah tangga di wilayah Jawa.

---

Indonesia has implemented the concept of Community-Driven Development in rural areas through Village Funds since 2015. Village Funds are one of the instruments to minimize the impact of Covid-19 in rural areas through Village Cash Labor Intensive activities (Padat Karya Tunai Desa-PKTD) and Village Fund Cash Direct Assistance (Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa-BLT Dana Desa). This research was conducted to provide an overview of the impact evaluation of Village Funds and BLT Dana Desa on the economic well-being of rural communities in each household quintile. This study uses data on the characteristics of 35,759 households obtained from merging results of the March & September 2020 Susenas data with the Village Fund data in each district/city area. Data were analyzed using Smoothed Instrumental Variables Quantile Regression which was able to overcome endogeneity issues and produce robust estimates. The study results show that the Village Fund and BLT Dana Desa have a positive and significant impact on economic well-being of rural households, but their impact is felt more by the upper middle class. Households that benefit more from the Village Fund are households in the Sumatra region, while households that benefit more from BLT Dana Desa are households in the Java region."

"ABSTRAKKemiskinan masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebab masyarakat tidak bisa keluar dari kemiskinan adalah sulitnya sarana dan akses modal bagi masyarakat miskin. Pengentasan kemiskinan merupakan proses yang sulit, sehingga dibutuhkan model pemberdayaan yang baik. Alternatifnya adalah pendayagunaan dana zakat untuk pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga zakat. Salah satunya adalah LAZNAS Al Azhar dengan program pemberdayaan ekonomi ldquo;Sejuta Berdaya rdquo;. Skripsi ini ingin melihat bagaimana pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa yang dilakukan oleh LAZNAS Al Azhar, dengan studi kasus di Candali dan di Pengasinan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberdayaan ekonomi dengan lembaga zakat dapat mengurangi kemiskinan yang ada di masyarakat.

---

ABSTRACTPoverty is still a major problem in Indonesia. One of the causes of society can rsquo t get out of poverty is the difficulty of facilities and access to capital for the poor. Poverty alleviation is a difficult process, so a good empowerment model is needed. The alternative is the utilization of zakat funds for empowerment conducted by zakat institutions. One of them is LAZNAS Al Azhar with Sejuta Berdaya economic empowerment program. This thesis wants to see how the economic empowerment of rural community conducted by LAZNAS Al Azhar, with case study in Candali and Pengasinan. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive design. The results showed that economic empowerment with zakat institutions can reduce poverty in the community."

"Through this research, a methodological framework and its implementation are set up to analyze, model and facilitate the process of negotiation among central government and individual energy producers under environmental, economical and social constraints. Negotiation In decentralization : case study of China's carbon trading in the power sector discusses research carried out on negotiation issues in China regarding Chinese power sector reform over the past 30 years. Results show that conflicts exist between power groups and the national government, and that the most current negotiation topics in China's power industry are demand and supply management, capital investment, energy prices, and CO2 emission mitigations.Negotiation In decentralization : case study of China's carbon trading in the power sector is written for government policy makers, energy and environment industry investors, energy program and project managers, environment conservation specialists, university professors, researchers, and graduate students. It aims to provide a methodology and a tool that can resolve difficult negotiation issues and change a loss-loss situation to a win-win situation for key players in a decentralized system, including government policymakers, energy producers, and environment conservationists."