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"As host of public radio's "Tech Nation", Dr. Moira Gunn has long been known for making all aspects of science and technology meaningful to the general listening public. But when she spontaneously decided at a cocktail-fueled biotech industry event that she would be launching a weekly segment on biotech - a subject that existed well outside of her normal comfort zone - she had her work cut out for her. For the millions of people who now listen to "BioTech Nation", the rest is history."

"Enzim merupakan biokatalis yang banyak dimanfaatkan dalam industri sebagai alternatif dari penggunaan bahan-bahan kimia yang mencemari lingkungan, salah satu diantaranya adalah enzim xilanase. Xilanase dalam industri dapat digunakan dalam proses pemutihan kertas, campuran pakan ternak, penjernihan sirup, produksi gula xilosa, dan sebagainya. Teknologi proses dalam industri umumnya dilakukan pada suhu dan pH yang tinggi, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan xilanase yang bersifat alkalotermofilik. Teknologi DNA rekombinan dilakukan agar enzim yang diproduksi mudah dimanipulasi dan dikembangkan untuk efesiensi. Laboratorium Teknologi Bioindustri, Pusat Laboratorium Bioindustri, Badan Pengkajian dan Penerapan Teknologi (BPPT) yang berada di Puspiptek, Serpong, Jawa Barat telah mengisolasi isolat CMU dari Sumber Air Panas Cimanggu yang positif menghasilkan xilanase alkalotermofilik. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melakukan kloning gen penyandi enzim xilanase alkalotermofilik serta ekspresi enzim rekombinannya pada Escherichia coli. Hasil identifikasi daerah 16S rRNA secara parsial pada isolat ini menunjukkan bahwa isolat CMU berafiliasi pada Bacillus halodurans. Gen penyandi xilanase alkalotermofilik telah berhasil diamplifikasi dari genom isolat CMU dan dikloning ke dalam E.coli DH5α dengan menggunakan vektor pGEM-T Easy. Dari proses transformasi hasil ligasi vektor dan produk PCR menghasilkan 2 bakteri rekombinan, yang membawa gen xilanase yang mempunyai perbedaan sekuens, dinamakan Klon 2 dan Klon 3. Analisa aktivitas produk gen dari E.coli DH5α rekombinan Klon 2 dan Klon 3 menunjukkan bahwa bakteri rekombinan ini menghasilkan enzim xilanase yang alkalotermofilik dengan profil berbeda. Aktivitas enzim xilanase pada Klon 2 optimal pada pH 11 dan suhu 70oC (16,52 U/mg) sedangkan Klon 3 optimal pada pH 8 dan suhu 60oC (17,65 U/mg).

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Enzyme known as a catalyst that has been widely used in industries as an alternative of chemicals process that polluted the environment. One of the important enzymes in industries is xylanase enzyme. Xylanase in industry can be used for bleaching process of pulp, rarefaction of syrup, producing of xylose sugar, mixed fodder, and so forth. Technology process in industry are generally conducted at high temperature and pH. Therefore, it requires a xylanase that has alkalothermophilic character. Recombinant DNA technology can make the gene product easily manipulated for efficiency. Center for Bio-industrial technology, The Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) has isolated an isolate from Cimanggu Hot Spring that potentially produced an alkalothermophilic xylanase. The isolate designed as CMU.

The purpose of this study is to clone the encoding gene of alkalothermophilic xylanase and to express this gene in Escherichia coli. The region identification result of 16S rRNA of this isolate showed that the CMU isolate is closed relative to Bacillus halodurans species. The gene encoding for alkalothermophilic xyalanase has been amplified from chromosomal DNA of CMU isolate and succesfully cloned into E.coli DH5α using the pGEM-T Easy vector. The ligation and transformation produces two recombinant bacteria with different sequence, namely Clone- 2 and Clone- 3. Xylanase activity assay showed that both recombinant E. coli have xylanase activity. The maximum activity of xylanase in clone-2 and clone-3 were reached at pH 11 and 700C (16.52 U/mg), and at pH 8 and 600C (17.65 U/mg), respectively."

"The US is currently well ahead of the rest of the world in the development and application of SB and its principles especially as they pertain to basic medical research and development. This lead is largely due to its earlier start in the academic arena. However, there is evidence of rapid development in both the UK/EU and Japan, and the gap is narrowing, particularly in the UK. From an industrial point of view, the Pharmaceutical Industry based in the US and UK can capitalize on these opportunities and gain the benefits of this technology. Many educational institutions (particularly their medical divisions) at present are heavily business-oriented, realize that in this particular industrial environment, that every dollar counts."

"The volume comprises invited papers and plenary presentations given at the conference entitled “Biotech innovations & fundamental rights” that took place on Januray 20-21 2011 at the Department of Juridical Sciences of the University of Ferrara. Each contribution covers a different aspect of the legal and scientific issues involved in regulation of biotechnology. In particular the focus of attention has been given to genetic research, genetic data, freedom of scientific research in genetics and biotech patents."

"Berkembangnya teknologi pada bioteknologi berdampak pada banyaknya jumlah data yang harus diolah untuk melakukan analisis dalam pencarian anomali terutama pada data Genomic. Selain pertumbuhan data kebutuhan akan kompleksitas dalam melakukan proses olah data akan mengikuti seiring berkembangnya data genomic. Dengan berkembangnya data dan kompleksitas olah data, Big Data merupakan salah satu solusi untuk mengatasi perkembangan data dan olah data yang cukup kompleks. Dalam penelitian ini membahas bagaimana Big Data dapat melakukan pencarian anomali pada data genomic dengan menggunakan MapReduce dan algoritma BLAST pada platform Big Data. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah pencarian anomali pada data genomic dapat dilakukan dengan menggunakan mapreduce pada platform big data dengan waktu yang lebih efisien.

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Biofarma Corp should adopt big data on vaccine and serum development by analyze genomic sequencing using searching any anomaly. As the root problem, it the anomaly searching requires about 1.62 Terabytes data transient as primary data and 301 Gigabytes as secondary data to get analysis from genomic variance. Moreover Biofarma Corp spent 16 hours for one anomaly searching from 3 Terabytes vaccines. This study proposed big data implementation to handle anomaly searching processes by prioritize less time complexity and less spending storage. It was signalized by a research question, "How big data technology is applied in searching anomalies on genomic data". It aimed to implement big data system to facilitate large volume and complex data in order to fulfill business process on Biofarma Corp. It adopted framework architecture as brought by Demchenko, Ngo, and Membrey. This study has designed data flow from FASTA and FATQ as sources for anomalies searching processes. This data flow is facilitated in big data system as designed in this research. As main contribution, this research adopted MapReduce framework to run BLAST algorithm with less spending time. As comparison, MapReduce framework can handle 21, 33, and 55 K-Mer in four minutes respectively while 50 minutes were spent without MapReduce. "

"Permintaan pasar terhadap vanilin alami sebagai senyawa perisa dan pengaroma sangat tinggi padahal produksi vanilin alami sangatlah rendah sehingga dibutuhkan metode alternatif produksi vanilin secara alami. Salah satunya adalah dengan metode biokonversi dengan bantuan mikroorganisme. Pseudomonas merupakan salah satu bakteri yang dapat melakukan biokonversi vanilin dari bahan dasar eugenol. Untuk mendeteksi jenis bakteri Pseudomonas yang dapat melakukan biokonversi vanilin, diperlukan sebuah metode skrining. Metode PCR memadai untuk digunakan sebagai metode pendeteksi secara molekuler bakteri Pseudomonas yang memiliki gen-gen yang berperan dalam biokonversi vanilin dari eugenol, yaitu gen ech (enoyl coA-hydratase) dan fcs (feruloyl coA-synthetase). Gen-gen tersebut mengkode enzim yang berperan dalam tahap terminal biokonversi vanilin dari eugenol pada Pseudomonas. Gen tersebut dikembangkan untuk menjadi penanda molekuler potensi suatu bakteri Pseudomonas yang dapat melakukan biokonversi vanilin dari eugenol. Namun, proses skrining dengan PCR membutuhkan kondisi yang optimum untuk mendapatkan hasil PCR yang spesifik. Ulasan artikel ini membahas mengenai skrining molekuler bakteri tanah Pseudomonas dengan penanda gen ech dan fcs dengan metode PCR konvensional.

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The market demand for natural vanilin, as flavour and fragrance compound, is very high even though the production of natural vanilin is very low so that alternative methods of natural vanilin production are needed, one of which is the bioconversion method with the help of microorganisms. Pseudomonas is one of the bacteria that can perform bioconversion of vanilin from the basic ingredient of eugenol. A screening method to detect Pseudomonas bacteria that is able to carry out vanilin bioconversion is needed. The PCR method is adequate to be used as a molecular detection method for Pseudomonas bacteria which carries genes that play a role in the bioconversion of vanilin from eugenol, namely the ech (enoyl coA-hydratase) and fcs (feruloyl coA-synthetase) genes, genes that encode enzymes in the terminal stage of vanilin bioconversion of eugenol in Pseudomonas. These genes were developed to be a potential molecular marker of a Pseudomonas bacteria which can perform bioconversion of vanilin from eugenol. However, the screening process with PCR requires optimum conditions to get specific PCR results. This article review discusses the molecular screening of Pseudomonas soil bacteria using the ech and fcs gene as screening parameter by conventional PCR methods.

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"Open mining activities result in decreased microbial biomass and negatively impacts soil fertility. Soil microbes play a role in the decomposition of soil organic matter and in nutrient cycles through the process of mineralization by the enzymes they produce. The purpose of this study was to analyse soil fertility levels in PT Bukit Asam’s various reclaimed land sites at Muara Enim Regency, South Sumatra, Indonesia, as determined by these areas’ microbial populations and soil enzyme activity. The research was conducted by using the explorative method in PT Bukit Asam’s various reclaimed land. Soil sample from 7 different reclamation age area were analysed. Our results showed that soil conditions and soil enzyme activity vary by reclamation age. At KTU, a 12-year-old reclaimed land site, urease enzyme activity had a value of 68.83 mg NH4+.g-1dm.h-1 with a microbial population of 82.64 x 104 CFU.g-1soil. The highest phosphatase enzyme activity value of 95.66 mg pNP.g-1 dm.h-1 was found on the 9-year-old SP702 reclaimed land site, with a soil pH of 5.23. Cellulase enzyme activity on the 21-year-old Udongan reclaimed site had a value of 21.51 mg GE.g-1dm.h-1 with a cellulolytic microbial population of 1.9 x 104 CFU.g-1soil, higher than on other reclamation sites. Invertase enzyme activity on the 15-year-old Tupak reclaimed land site had a value of 24.37 mg GE.g-1dm.h-1. Soil enzyme activity can be an indicator of soil quality and soil microbial activity as it relates to all forms of biochemical transformations occurring in the soil and is highly sensitive to environmental changes."

"Faktor fisik dan kimiawi perairan pada musim hujan dapat mempengaruhi komunitas mikroalga di perairan tersebut, baik dalam struktur komunitas maupun aktivitas sel mikroalga. Penelitian berfokus pada anggota komunitas mikroalga di Situ Agathis dan potensi produksi lipid komunitas tersebut pada musim hujan bulan Maret 2020. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya 11 spesies mikroalga dari 10 genus dan 4 kelas. Sembilan dari 11 spesies mikroalga yang ditemukan di Situ Agathis memiliki kemampuan menghasilkan lipid. Biomassa total yang didapat dari sampel air dari semua stasiun di Situ Agathis sebanyak 25,18 gram. Kadar lipid rata-rata dari biomassa sampel air Situ Agathis pada bulan Maret 2020 adalah sebesar 55,5%.

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Physical and chemical properties of an aquatic ecosystem during rainy season may have an influence on microalgae community and cell activity in said ecosystem. This research focused on the microalgae community of Agathis Small Lake and its potency to produce lipid during rainy season of March of 2020. This research found 11 species of microalgae from 10 genera and 4 classes. Nine out of eleven species found in Agathis Small Lake are known to produce lipid. Total biomass obtained from the water sample of Agathis Small Lake is 25,18 grams. Extracted biomass’ average lipid content from Agathis Small Lake during March of 2020 is 55.5%."