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"“This engaged and vital edited volume brings together the varied viewpoints of academics, consultants and activists all concerned with the astonishing expansion of palm oil as a globally traded commodity. It reveals how this complex, contested and controversial expression of globalization transcends narrow national and sectoral interests, stimulating a transnational exchange of goods, capital and labour, as well as laws, norms, values and even understanding. Compelling, readable and insightful, the study shows that corporate responses to civil societys concerns about palm oils role in global warming, human rights abuses, land grabbing and biodiversity loss, now need to be complemented by legal, regulatory and governance reforms to be effective.” Marcus Colchester, Director, Forest Peoples Programme"

"ABSTRAKKajian ini menganalisis alasan PT. Salim Ivomas Pratama keluar dari keanggotaan roundtable on sustainable palm oil (RSPO). Dengan menggunakan teori Transnational Private Governance yang diamati dengan menggunakan sistem non-state market driven (NSMD), kajian ini menunjukan bahwa sistem NSMD memiliki dua logika yakni logika keberterimaan dan logika konsekuensi dalam mendapatkan legitimasi TPG ke aktor non-negara. Sistem NSMD menjelaskan bahwa perusahaan akan memutuskan untuk bergabung pada TPG jika kedua logika tersebut dapat dipenuhi oleh TPG. Analisis kajian ini menunjukkan kurang optimalnya logika konsekuensi yang berhubungan dengan perhitungan strategis dan logika keberterimaan berhubungan dengan norma yang diterima oleh PT. SIMP pada keanggotaan RSPO sebagai TPG. Dengan demikian, alasan keluarnya PT. SIMP merupakan sebuah ketidakefektifan dari TPG sebagai sistem yang mengatur hubungan antar aktor non-negara.

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ABSTRACTThis study analyzes the reason PT. Salim Ivomas Pratama left the roundtable on sustainable palm oil (RSPO) membership. Using the theory of Transnational Private Governance observed through the NSMD non-state market driven system (NSMD), this study shows that the NSMD system has two logics: the logic of acceptance and the logic of consequences in obtaining TPG legitimacy to non-state actors. The NSMD system explains that the company will decide to join the TPG if both logic can be fulfilled by the TPG. Analysis of this study shows how the suboptimal logic of consequences related to strategic calculations and the logic of acceptability relate to norms accepted by PT SIMP on RSPO membership as a TPG. Thus, the reason for PT. SIMP withdrawal is an ineffectiveness of the TPG as a system that regulates relations between non-state actors."

"Tulisan ini membahas sebelas peristiwa tumpahan minyak yang terjadi periode 2010-2020 untuk dianalisis sebagai bentuk kejahatan lingkungan transnasional. Thesis statement karya akhir ini adalah peristiwa tumpahan minyak dapat dijelaskan dengan tiga mekanisme dimensi transnasional kejahatan lingkungan dengan perspektif green criminology. Analisis mekanisme transborder flows of toxins and other ecosystem threats, transborder flows of economic decisions, dan transborder projections of power dikaitkan dengan data lokasi awal tumpahan minyak, lokasi persebaran tumpahan, dampak terhadap lingkungan dan manusia, pihak yang bertanggung jawab, penyebab tumpahan minyak, serta reaksi yang diterapkan. Perspektif green criminology mampu memberikan definisi kejahatan dan kerusakan lingkungan yang lebih ekspansif. Perspektif ini juga menekankan lingkungan, manusia, dan spesies nonmanusia yang terdampak atau dirugikan oleh sebelas peristiwa tumpahan minyak dan hak-hak mereka untuk dijaga, dilestarikan, dan dilindungi.

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This paper discusses eleven oil spill events that have occurred during 2010-2020 to be analyzed as a form of transnational environmental crime. The thesis statement in this work is that oil spill incidents can be explained with the three transnational dimensions of environmental crime with a green criminology perspective. Analysis of transborder flows of toxins and other ecosystem threats, transborder flows of economic decisions, and transborder projections of power is linked to data on the initial location of the oil spill, location of the spill distribution, impact on the environment and people, responsible parties, causes of the oil spill, and the reaction that is applied. Green criminology is able to provide more expansive definition of crime and environmental damage. This perspective also emphasizes the environment, humans and non-human species that are affected or harmed by the eleven oil spill events and their rights to be protected and conserved."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat kepentingan dan kinerja sertifikasi Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO), kendala yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit dalam melakukan sertifikasi serta upayaupaya yang dapat dilakukan dalam memperbaiki kinerja layanan sertifikasi ISPO. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian campuran (mix method) dengan menggunakan metode sequensial explanatory. Teknik pengumpulan data kuantitatif melalui kuesioner tertutup dengan skala likert dan kuesioner terbuka, sedangkan penelitian kualitatif menggunakan wawancara mendalam (indepth interview) dan terstruktur. Selain itu, peneliti juga melakukan studi pustaka, dan observasi. Untuk penelitian kuantitatif, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan lima dimensi pengukuran kepuasan pelayanan pelanggan yakni dimensi berwujud (tangible), keandalan (reliability), kecepatan (responsiveness), kepastian (assurance) dan keempatian (emphty). Unit analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah personalia yang bertanggungjawab dalam sertifikasi ISPO pada perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah menerima sertifikat ISPO, serta personalia yang bertanggungjawab dalam sertifikasi pada perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang belum melakukan upaya sertifikasi ISPO. Jumlah unit analisis pada perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah menerima sertifikat ISPO adalah tiga puluh Sembilan (39) orang yang mewakili perusahaan, dan lima puluh empat (54) orang personalia yang bertanggungjawab dalam sertifikasi dari perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang belum melakukan upaya sertifikasi ISPO. Teknik analisis data menggunakan analisis Important Performance Analysis (IPA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kepuasan perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang telah menerima sertifikat ISPO terhadap kinerja pelayanan sertifikasi ISPO menunjukkan puas, dengan nilai tingkat kesesuaian antara kepentingan dan kinerja lima dimensi pelayanan sebesar 80,72%. Kendala yang dihadapi oleh perusahaan perkebunan kelapa sawit yang belum melakukan upaya sertifikasi ISPO antara lain masalah legalitas kebun (Hak Guna Usaha/HGU dan perizinan), sumber daya manusia dan teknis operasional. Upayaupaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kinerja pelayanan sertifikasi ISPO antara lain melakukan perbaikan aspek organisasi dan sumber daya manusia, mencari solusi atas hal-hal yang selama ini menjadi kendala dalam sertifikasi antara lain mempercepat proses pengurusan HGU dan redesain kawasan, serta mempertegas regulasi dalam keorganisasian ISPO.

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This study aims to determine the level of important and performance certification of Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil (ISPO), the constraints faced by oil palm plantation companies in conducting certification and efforts that can be done to improve the performance of ISPO certification services. This research is mix study, using sequential explanatory method. Quantitative data collection techniques through a closed questionnaire with Likert scale and open questionnaire, where as qualitative research using structure depth interview. In addition, the researchers also conducted literature study and observation.

For the quantitative study, researchers used the five dimensions of satisfaction measurement services the tangible dimension (tangible), reliability (reliability), speed (responsiveness), certainty (assurance) and emphaty (emphty). The unit of analysis in this study is that the personnel responsible for ISPO certification on oil palm plantation companies that have received the certificate of ISPO, and personnel who are responsible for the certification of oil palm plantation companies that have not made the effort ISPO certification. The number of units of analysis on oil palm plantation companies that have received the certificate of ISPO are 39 people who represent the company, and 54 personnel who are responsible for the certification of oil palm plantation companies that have not made the effort ISPO certification. Data were analyzed using analysis of Important Performance Analysis (IPA).

The results showed that the level of satisfaction of palm oil plantation companies that have received ISPO certificate against certification service performance ISPO show satisfied, with the value of the degree of correspondence between the important and the performance of the five dimensions of service amounted to 80.72%. Constraints faced by palm oil plantation companies who have made efforts ISPO certification, among others, the legality of the garden (HGU and licensing), human resources and technical operational. Efforts can be made to improve service performance ISPO certification among others make improvements and organizational aspects of human resources, find solutions for things that become obstacles in the certification include speeding up the process to obtain the concession and redesigning the area, as well as reinforce the regulation in ISPO organization."