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"Serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) merupakan limbah tanaman kelapa sawit yang berlimpah di Indonesia. Serat ini merupakan serat alam yang dapat digunakan sebagai penguat di dalam komposit polimer, namun masalah utama dari serat alam adalah hidrofilik sedangkan polimer propilena sebagai matriks adalah hidrofobik. Perlakuan kimia alkalinisasi merupakan perlakuan kimia yang dapat meningkatkan kompatibilitas serat dan sifat mekanis yang dihasilkan pada pembentukan komposit. Metode pengujian yang dilakukan untuk mengetahui bentuk serat di dalam struktur komposit menggunakan Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) dan kemudian diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak ImageJ. Alkalinisasi dapat meningkatkan distribusi serat di dalam komposit dinyatakan dalam bentuk rasio distribusi hingga 0,42 pada serat 50 mesh dan 0,40 pada serat 100 mesh. Selain itu, kompatibilitas serat juga meningkat ditunjukkan oleh selisih tegangan permukaan yang menurun hingga 1.60 mN/m. Hasil pengujian dibentuk dalam purwa-rupa aplikasi sebagai contoh manfaat mengetahui pengaruh secara kuantitatif yaitu dapat memprediksi sifat-sifat yang dihasilkan.

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Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch (OPEFB) Fiber is an abundant waste in Indonesia. This fiber is a natural fiber that can be used for reinforcement in polymer-based composites, but natural fiber is hydrophilic while polypropylene as a matrix are hydrophobic. Alkalinization is a type of chemical treatment that can improve fiber compatibility and mechanical properties resulting in the formation of composites. Testing methods conducted to determine the shape of the fibers in the composite structure are using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and then processed using ImageJ software. Alkalinization can increase fiber distribution in composites expressed in the form of distribution ratio up to 0,42 for 50 mesh and 0,40 for 100 mesh. In addition, the compatibility of the fiber also increases, indicated by the differences in surface tension decreased to 1,60 mN/m. The test results are formed in the prototype of application that can be used for an example of the benefits of knowing the influence quantitatively so that can be able to predict the resulting properties.

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"Pengangkutan ikan hasil tangkapan nelayan tradisional merupakan hal penting setelah penangkapan ikan. Penggunaan wadah angkut ikan merupakan salah satu upaya menjaga kualitas ikan. Selama ini pemanfaatan wadah angkut ikan masih kurang efektif dan efisien sehingga terjadi kerugian karena kualitas dan nilai jual ikan rendah. Penelitian ini difokuskan pada kajian rancang bangun wadah angkut yang mudah dipindahkan dan ramah lingkungan agar ikan bernilai jual tinggi. Wadah dirancang untuk ikan hidup yang diperlengkapi sirkulasi air dan udara serta penyaringan kotoran sehingga salinasi dan pH air terkendali. Bahan wadah terbuat dari material komposit berpenguat serat pisang abaca. Komposit dibentuk menjadi anyaman tenunan dan anyaman tikar. Dari hasil pengujian tarik diperoleh kekuatan tarik rata - rata sebesar 9 MPa dan tegangan luluh rata - rata sebesar 6,538 MPa. Sedangkan hasil perhitungan pembebanan pelat diperoleh tebal komposit minimum sebelum terjadi defleksi 3 mm yaitu 3,27 mm.

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Transportation of fish catches is an important traditional fishing after catching a fish. The use of container transport fish is one of the efforts to maintain the quality of fish. During this time fish transport container utilization is still less effective and efficient so that there is a loss because of the quality and value of fish sold low. This study focused on the study design of container transport is easily removable and friendly environment for high value fish. Containers designed for live fish equipped air circulation and filtration of water and dirt so that the salinization and water pH control. Material container made of composite materials berpenguat abaca fiber. Composite formed into woven fabrics and woven mats. From the results obtained by tensile testing tensile strength - average of 9 MPa and yield stress - average of 6.538 MPa. While the calculation results obtained by the imposition of a thick composite plate minimum before the deflection of 3 mm is 3.27 mm."

"Machining of metal matrix composites gives the reader information on machining of MMCs with a special emphasis on aluminium matrix composites. Chapter 1 provides the mechanics and modelling of chip formation for traditional machining processes. Chapter 2 is dedicated to surface integrity when machining MMCs. Chapter 3 describes the machinability aspects of MMCs. Chapter 4 contains information on traditional machining processes and chapter 5 is dedicated to the grinding of MMCs. Chapter 6 describes the dry cutting of MMCs with SiC particulate reinforcement. Finally, chapter 7 is dedicated to computational methods and optimization in the machining of MMCs."

""Strength of fibrous composites" addresses evaluation of the strength of a fibrous composite by using its constituent material properties and its fiber architecture parameters. Having gone through the book, a reader is able to predict the progressive failure behavior and ultimate strength of a fibrous laminate subjected to an arbitrary load condition in terms of the constituent fiber and matrix properties, as well as fiber geometric parameters. The book is useful to researchers and engineers working on design and analysis for composite materials.Dr. Zheng-Ming Huang is a professor at the School of Aerospace Engineering & Applied Mechanics, Tongji University, China. Mr. Ye-Xin Zhou is a PhD candidate at the department of mechanical engineering, the University of Hong Kong, China."

"Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) have proven to be useful for a wide range of applications because of properties such as their light weight, toughness and temperature resistance. Advances in ceramic matrix composites summarises key advances and types of processing of CMCs.After an introductory chapter, the first part of the book reviews types and processing of CMCs, covering processing, properties and applications. Chapters discuss nanoceramic matric composites, silicon carbide-containing alumina nanocomposites and advances in manufacture by various infiltration techniques including heat treatments and spark plasma sintering. The second part of the book is dedicated to understanding the properties of CMCs with chapters on finite element analysis, tribology and wear and self-healing CMCs. The final part of the book examines the applications of CMCs, including those in the structural engineering, nuclear and fusion energy, turbine, metal cutting and microelectronics industries."

"Polymer composites are increasingly used in aerospace applications due to properties such as strength and durability compared to weight. Edited by two leading authorities in the field, this book summarises key recent research on design, manufacture and performance of composite components for aerospace structures. Part one reviews the design and manufacture of different types of composite component. Part two discusses aspects of performance such as stiffness, strength, fatigue, impact and blast behaviour, response to temperature and humidity as well as non-destructive testing and monitoring techniques."

"Green composite merupakan salah satu jenis komposit dengan unsur penyusunnya merupakan bahan alam. Indonesia merupakan negara tropis yang kaya akan keragaman sumber daya alam yang menghasilkan berbagai jenis serat alam salah satunya serat daun nanas dari perkebunan Subang Jawa Barat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh model konduktivitas termal komposit sandwich dengan core poliuretan/nanoselulosa berbasis serat daun nanas Subang Jawa Barat dan skin epoksi berpenguat variasi serat alam. Pemodelan konduktivitas termal komposit sandwich dibuat menggunakan komputasi Microsoft Excel sederhana. Pemodelan dilakukan berdasarkan persamaan Rule of Mixture dari core dan skin berpenguat variasi serat alam berupa pineapple leaves (PALF), serat tandan kosong kelapa sawit (STKKS), coconut husk (CH), papyrus (PPR), dan corn cob (CC) dengan susunan seri skin-core-skin. Berdasarkan kajian literatur konduktivitas termal penguat dipilih menurut komposisi berat atau volume yang menghasilkan sifat mekanik terbaik yakni 1 wt% core filler dan 40 wt% skin fiber. Hasil terbaik konduktivitas termal komposit sandwich sebesar 17,53 x 10^-2 pada model komposit sandwich dengan skin epoksi berpenguat serat papyrus (PPR) dan core poliuretan berpenguat nanoselulosa (CNF) berbasis serat daun nanas Subang, Jawa Barat. Konduktivitas termal komposit sandwich meningkat 84,89 % dari poliuretan murni dan menurun 11,86 % dari epoksi murni.

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Green composite is one type of composites in which one of the elements is natural resource. Indonesia is a tropical country that rich in diversity of natural resources which produces various types of natural fibres, one of which is pineapple leaf fibre from Subang, West Java. This study aimed to obtain the thermal conductivity of sandwich composites model with polyurethane/nanocellulose based on Subang pineapple leaf fiber in West Java as core and epoxy reinforced with natural fiber variations as skins. The thermal conductivity of sandwich composite model was calculated using a simple computation of Microsoft Excel. Modelling was done by reviewing the equation of the Rule of Mixture of core and skins with the variety of natural fibers in the form of pineapple leaves (PALF), oil palm empty fruit bunches (OPEFB), coconut husk (CH), papyrus (PPR), and corn cob (CC) with a series layer of skin-core-skin. Based on the literature study, the thermal conductivity of the reinforcement was chosen according to the composition of the weight or volume that produces the best mechanical properties i.e 1 wt% core filler and 40 wt% skin fiber. The best result of the thermal conductivity of sandwich composites was 17.53 x 10^-2 W/mK on the composite sandwich model with epoxy reinforced 40 wt% papyrus (PPR) as skin and polyurethane reinforced Subang pineapple leaf nanocellulose as core. The thermal conductivity of sandwich composites increased by 84.89% compared to pristine polyurethane and decreased by 11.86% compared to pristine epoxy."