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"ABSTRAKTesis ini membahas, praktik resistensi dalam wacana lirik lagu grup musik metal Purgatory. Dengan menggunakan paradigma kritis, kemudian mengintegrasikan pada kajian budaya kritis ke dalam proses komunikasi politik. Musik metal dinilai sebagai medium komunikasi maupun bentuk budaya subkultur yang dapat dipandang sebagai medium resistensi yang penting, baik secara budaya maupun politik. Tesis ini menemukan, narasi hegemonik Barat terhadap Islam, yang selalu dikaitkan dengan wacana sentimen negatifnya, direspon sekaligus dilawan balik counter-hegemoni oleh wacana lirik lagu Purgatory. Diskursus yang membentuk wacana lirikal Purgatory yang resisten itu dibingkai oleh beragam konteks diskursus Islam dan Barat yang terjadi di masa lalu baik dalam konteks global maupun saat ini dalam konteks Indonesia. Runtuhnya rezim represif Orde Baru, menghadirkan fenomena ledakan Islam di arena politik dan kebudayaan. Dengan ditandai oleh maraknya simbol-simbol keagamaan di ruang publik, peningkatan religiusitas pribadi serta perkembangan lembaga-lembaga Islam dan gaya hidup baru. Beragam praktik diskursus ini pada gilirannya membentuk sebuah proyeksi identitas Islam yang lebih cair dan lebih moderat, sebagai bagian dari tantangan umat muslim dalam menghadapi sekularisasi modernitas Barat. Tesis ini berhasil menemukan, bahwa wacana musik metal Islam yang disuarakan oleh Purgatory menjadi sarana dalam membentuk identitas, kohesi sosial, sampai dengan politik kebudayaan religius Islam dikalangan subkultur musik metal di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis explains a resistance practice found in the song lyrics discourse of an Indonesian metal band called Purgatory. A critical paradigm, alongside with cultural studies and political communication, is used to dissect the problem. Metal music is considered as a communication media or a sub culture form that can also be seen as an important resistance medium, not only culturally but also politically. The research founds that a common narrative of a Western hegemony that has always been associated with its negative sentiment, was responded the other way around by Purgatory. A discourse that forms a narrative resistance in the song lyrics from Purgatory is framed with many Islamic and Western discourse which were happened in the past, globally or in Indonesia only. The collapse of the New Order regime brought a huge Islamic phenomenon in political and culture circle. Religious symbols appears in an open public space, personal religious rsquo lawfulness arises, new lifestyle comes up, and the emergence of Islamic institutions. These various political practices will get its own turn to form a projection of a more balanced Islam identity as a part of Moslems rsquo challenges to face the modern Western secularization. The research also founds that an Islamic metal music vocalized by Purgatory happens to be a tool to form identity, social cohesion, and even the culture of Islamic political amongst metal music subculture in Indonesia."

"[ABSTRAKSebagai salah satu band perintis punk, Sex Pistols kerap dijadikan simbol pergerakan punk di Inggris pada akhir dekade 1970. Sex Pistols dihubungkan dengan pergerakan melawan pemerintah, dan sebagai akibatnya mereka dilarang untuk tampil selama beberapa waktu. Lirik lagu-lagu Sex Pistols saat itu dirasa membawa pengaruh buruk terutama bagi pendengarnya karena dianggap menyebarkan ideologi tertentu. Sebagai produsen sebuah wacana, penulis lirik dapat menuangkan ideologinya dalam lirik sebagai media untuk menyampaikan aspirasinya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana ideologi tersebut disampaikan melalui lirik lagu dan pengaruhnya terhadap pendengar lagu-lagu Sex Pistols. Penulis menggunakan kajian analisis wacana kritis Fairclough dalam menganalisis hubungan antara sebuah wacana dengan ideologi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pilihan kata yang digunakan penulis lirik berpengaruh terhadap penyebaran ideologi tertentu kepada pendengarnya. Selain itu, lagu-lagu yang penulis kaji pun mempunyai kesamaan, yaitu merupakan kritik terhadap kondisi sosial-politik pada masa itu.

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ABSTRACT

;As one of the punk pioneers, Sex Pistols was associated with punk movement at The United Kingdom in the 1970?s era. Sex Pistols then was connected to some strikes against the government and they got banned many times. Sex Pistols songs lyrics were considered as bad influence because of the song writer?s ideology. As the producer of a discourse, the song writers were able to put their ideology in the lyric. This study aims to find out how the ideology was put in the lyric and what it brings to Sex Pistols? listeners. This study applies Critical Discourse Analysis by Fairclough in order to find out the connection between a discourse and ideology. The result shows that the song writers? choice of words effectuate the diffusion of ideology to their listeners. Also, the songs that were analysed have something in common, which is all of them are critics toward social and political condition at that time.

;As one of the punk pioneers, Sex Pistols was associated with punk movement at The United Kingdom in the 1970?s era. Sex Pistols then was connected to some strikes against the government and they got banned many times. Sex Pistols songs lyrics were considered as bad influence because of the song writer?s ideology. As the producer of a discourse, the song writers were able to put their ideology in the lyric. This study aims to find out how the ideology was put in the lyric and what it brings to Sex Pistols? listeners. This study applies Critical Discourse Analysis by Fairclough in order to find out the connection between a discourse and ideology. The result shows that the song writers? choice of words effectuate the diffusion of ideology to their listeners. Also, the songs that were analysed have something in common, which is all of them are critics toward social and political condition at that time.

;As one of the punk pioneers, Sex Pistols was associated with punk movement at The United Kingdom in the 1970?s era. Sex Pistols then was connected to some strikes against the government and they got banned many times. Sex Pistols songs lyrics were considered as bad influence because of the song writer?s ideology. As the producer of a discourse, the song writers were able to put their ideology in the lyric. This study aims to find out how the ideology was put in the lyric and what it brings to Sex Pistols? listeners. This study applies Critical Discourse Analysis by Fairclough in order to find out the connection between a discourse and ideology. The result shows that the song writers? choice of words effectuate the diffusion of ideology to their listeners. Also, the songs that were analysed have something in common, which is all of them are critics toward social and political condition at that time.

, As one of the punk pioneers, Sex Pistols was associated with punk movement at The United Kingdom in the 1970’s era. Sex Pistols then was connected to some strikes against the government and they got banned many times. Sex Pistols songs lyrics were considered as bad influence because of the song writer’s ideology. As the producer of a discourse, the song writers were able to put their ideology in the lyric. This study aims to find out how the ideology was put in the lyric and what it brings to Sex Pistols’ listeners. This study applies Critical Discourse Analysis by Fairclough in order to find out the connection between a discourse and ideology. The result shows that the song writers’ choice of words effectuate the diffusion of ideology to their listeners. Also, the songs that were analysed have something in common, which is all of them are critics toward social and political condition at that time.

]"

"Pemberdayaan perempuan adalah sebuah proses dimana perempuan mendapatkan kekuatan dan kendali atas kehidupan mereka dan memperoleh kemampuan untuk membuat pilihan strategis. Meskipun kemajuan besar dalam pemberdayaan perempuan terlihat secara bertahap, perempuan terus menghadapi diskriminasi di setiap belahan dunia. Hingga saat ini, perempuan masih memperjuangkan haknya dengan menyuarakan pemberdayaan perempuan melalui berbagai media, termasuk musik. Kajian ini menganalisis Five Women’s Empowerment Components (European Institute for Gender Equality, 2016) dalam Run the World (Girls) karya Beyoncé dengan melakukan Critical Discourse Analysis, khususnya dengan menganalisisnya dengan Halliday’s Metafunctions of Language (1994) yang terdapat pada liriknya. Setelah melihat pengalaman perempuan, sikap penyanyi, dan keseluruhan tema dan lirik lagu yang dianalisis dengan metafungsi bahasa, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa melalui lagu Run the World (Girls), Beyoncé mencakup kelima aspek pemberdayaan perempuan, yaitu: (1) perolehan harga diri perempuan; (2) hak perempuan untuk memiliki dan menentukan pilihan; (3) hak perempuan untuk memiliki akses terhadap peluang dan sumber daya; (4) hak perempuan untuk memiliki kekuasaan dan kendali atas kehidupan domestik dan publik mereka; dan (5) meningkatnya kemampuan perempuan untuk melakukan perubahan sosial, baik secara nasional maupun internasional. Studi ini berkontribusi pada pembahasan wacana pemberdayaan perempuan.

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Women’s empowerment is a process by which women gain power and control over their lives and acquire the ability to make strategic choices. Although a great deal of progress in women’s empowerment is gradually seen, women continue to face discrimination in every part of the world. Up to this day, women still fight for their rights by voicing out women’s empowerment through various media, including music. This study analyzed Five Women’s Empowerment Components (European Institute for Gender Equality, 2016) in Beyoncé’s Run the World (Girls) by doing a Critical Discourse Analysis, specifically by analyzing it with Halliday’s Metafunctions of Language (1994) that are present in the lyrics. After looking at women’s experiences, the singer’s attitude, and the overall theme and lyrics of the song analyzed by the metafunctions of language, this study concludes that through the song Run the World (Girls), Beyoncé is covering all five aspects of women’s empowerment, which are: (1) women’s gain of self-worth; (2) women’s right to have and to determine choices; (3) women’s right to have access to opportunities and resources; (4) women’s right to have power and control over their domestic and public lives; and (5) women’s gain of ability to make social change, both nationally and internationally. This study contributes to the discussion of women’s empowerment discourses."

"How do media texts manipulate and persuade us? How do language and images play out the ideas, values and identities? This book shows readers exactly how language, power and ideology are negotiated in media texts, from magazine and advertising, to YouTube and music videos. Presenting a systematic toolkit of theories, concepts and techniques for doing language and image analysis, students learn how to dig deep into discourses and the media landscape. With case studies and examples from a range of traditional and new media content"

"Penelitian ini menggunakan Muted Group Theory untuk membahas mengenai praktik wacana pembungkaman perempuan yang terjadi di media. Pemberitaan mengenai pelanggaran Syariat Islam yang melibatkan perempuan merupakan salah satu sarana yang digunakan oleh kelompok dominan (laki-laki) untuk membisukan perempuan.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan metode analisis wacana kritis milik Norman Fairclough. Dalam menganalisis dimensi mikro (teks), kerangka analisis Theo Van Leeuwen dipinjam untuk membantu mendeteksi representasi perempuan ditampilkan pada teks. Sedangkan dimensi meso (discourse practice) dan makro (sosiocultural practice) dilakukan melalui teknik wawancara dan kajian literatur.Dari hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa pembungkaman perempuan dilakukan dengan meniadakan suara dan pendapat perempuan, dengan tidak menjadikannya sebagai narasumber. Perempuan hanya diposisikan sebagai objek pemberitaan dan suaranya diwakilkan dan direpresentasikan dengan bahasa dan perspektif laki-laki.

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This research was done by used of Muted Group Theory to assessed the practice of muteness on women in the media. The reported shari?a violation that involved women were one of the tool used by the dominant group (men) to muted the women.This research is a qualitative study with Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis (cda). We used Theo Van Leeuwen's analysis framework to analized the micro dimensional aspects (texts), and to further assisted in detecting women representation that occured in those texts. Meanwhile, the meso (discourse practice) and macro (sociocultural practice) dimensions were assessed by interview and literature review.According to the results, were found that the muteness of women were done by silencing the voice and the opinion of women, thus hindered women to act as a informant. Women were positioned as object of report only and their voice were represented through the language and perspective of men."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan memberikan pandangan bagaimana salah satu media daring Korea Selatan, Hankyoreh 21, mengkritisi pemerintah dalam salah satu artikel beritanya tentang tragedi Itaewon pada 29 Oktober 2022. Tragedi yang merenggut banyak nyawa ini terjadi sehari sebelum perayaan Halloween. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif yang menganalisis artikel berjudul “‘죽게 만든’ 권력에 통치의 정당성은 없다”.  Metode analisis wacana kritis Norman Fairclough dipilih dan analisisnya dilakukan dengan kerangka dua dimensi: analisis teks dan praktik diskursif. Analisis wacana kritis pada berita memungkinkan terlihatnya ideologi yang ada pada suatu media. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ideologi dan cara Hankyoreh merepresentasikan tragedi Itaewon. Nampak jelas keberpihakan Hankyoreh pada masyarakat yang sedang mengkritisi pemerintah soal lambannya penanganan situasi darurat hingga menyebabkan tragedi yang tidak diinginkan. Hal ini mencerminkan peran media sebagai penyeimbang kekuasaan dengan memberikan suara kepada masyarakat yang menginginkan akuntabilitas dan mendukung nilai-nilai etika dalam tata kelola politik.

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This research aims to provide an insight into how one of the South Korean online media, Hankyoreh 21, criticized the government in one of its news articles about the Itaewon tragedy on October 29, 2022. This tragedy, which claimed many lives, occurred the day before Halloween celebrations. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method that analyzes the article entitled "'죽게 만든' 권력에 통치의 정당성은 없다". Norman Fairclough's critical discourse analysis method was chosen, and the analysis was carried out using a two-dimensional framework: text analysis and discursive practice. Critical discourse analysis in the news makes it possible to see the ideology that exists in the media. The research results show the ideology and way Hankyoreh represents the Itaewon tragedy. It is clear that Hankyoreh is siding with the people who are criticizing the government for its slow handling of emergency situations, which has led to unwanted tragedies. This reflects the role of the media as a balance of power by giving voice to the public, desiring accountability, and supporting ethical values in political governance."

"Berbagai jenis latar belakang sosial atau budaya, dikombinasikan dengan status wilayah atau sosial, masuk dalam produksi wacana lisan tertulis. Salah satu wacana lisan yang menarik untuk dibahas adalah wawancara politik. Sering terungkap di dalamnya alasan mengapa para pemimpin politik berbicara dengan cara tertentu. Meskipun ada beberapa yang bersikap halus dalam tutur kata mereka, ada juga beberapa yang tidak, salah satunya adalah presiden Filipina, Rodrigo Roa Duterte. Dikenal dengan kepribadiannya yang blak-blakan, ia sering menyatakan hal-hal kontroversial yang memengaruhi negaranya dan menuai kritik dari berbagai tempat. Menggunakan analisis wacana kritis model van Dijk (2004) tentang strategi makro penggambaran positif terhadap diri sendiri dan penggambaran negatif terhadap pihak lain 25 strategi mikro lainnya, penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana Duterte memandang hubungan negara-negara lain dengan Filipina dalam wawancara bersama Russia Today. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Duterte menentang hubungan Filipina dengan Amerika Serikat yang terlihat dari representasi negatif yang diterimanya dibandingkan dengan Rusia dan Cina. Strategi diskursif yang paling banyak digunakan adalah implikasi, leksikalisasi, dan contoh/ilustrasi. Selain itu, strategi-strategi ini juga digunakan Duterte untuk mencapai tujuan-tujuan pribadinya.

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Different types of social or cultural background, combined with a region or social status, go into the making of spoken or written discourse. One of the interesting spoken discourses to discuss is political interview. It often reveals the intention of political leaders way of speaking. While there are those who are subtle in their way of talking, there are also a few who do not, one of whom is the Philippines president, Rodrigo Roa Duterte. Known for his outspoken personality, he often states controversial things that influence his country and derive critics from various places. Using van Dijks (2004) framework on the macro strategies of positive self-presentation and negative other-presentation plus the other 25 micro strategies, this research analyzes how Duterte views other countries relations with the Philippines based on his most-watched English interview with Russia Today. The findings revealed that Duterte is against the Philippines relations with the USA as the latter is being presented negatively compared to Russia and China. The discursive strategies that are mostly used are implication, lexicalization, and example/illustration. Moreover, these strategies are also used to reach his own goals."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bermaksud untuk menyingkapkan sikap negarawan terhadap isu terorisme. Data yang dikaji adalah surat diplomasi yang ditulis oleh Dr. Mahathir Mohamad kepada para pemimpin dunia. Teks mengenai terorisme dianalisis untuk menemukan proposisi makro dari teks surat diplomasi. Proposisi makro yang ditemukan digunakan untuk menejelaskan sikap Dr. Mahathir Mohamad terkait terorisme. Teori yang digunakan untuk memperoleh hasil tersebut adalah analisis wacana kritis Fairclough yang dijadikan sebagai teori utama. Selain itu, teori lain yang digunakan adalah teori proposisi Van Dijk dan tata bahasa fungsional sistemik Halliday. Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini dibantu dengan menggunakan peranti lunak pengolah kata SketchEngine untuk menemukan kata kunci yang dijadikan bukti empiris sikap politik Dr. Mahathir Mohamad. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan sikap perlawanan yang ditunjukkan oleh Dr. Mahathir Mohamad terhadap terorisme. Kata terorisme cukup sering berkolokasi dengan kata fight dan against, kemudian kata Muslim selalu diasosiasikan sebagai kelompok yang tertindas, dan teraniaya oleh pihak Barat. Kedua hal tersebut menunjukkan usaha Dr. Mahathir Mohamad melawan wacana yang selalu mengaitkan terorisme dengan Islam.

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ABSTRACTThis research aims to reveal the attitude of statesman toward terrorism issues. The data of this research are diplomatic letters written by Dr. Mahathir Mohamad to world leaders. The texts are being analyzed to discover the macro proposition to explain Dr. Mahathir Mohamad rsquo s attitude in regard to terrorism issues. To achieve the objectives, this research employs Fairclough rsquo s CDA as the main theory. Besides, macro rules of Van Dijk, and Halliday rsquo s functional grammar are also used to support the main theory. The data of this research is processed through SketchEngine to find the keywords of the text. The keywords are the empiric data to explain the attitude of Dr. Mahathir Mohamad toward terrorism. The result shows the struggle of Dr. Mahathir Mohamad in fighting terrorism. The word terrorism is frequently collocates with fight and against. Moreover, the word Muslim is always associated as a group which being oppressed, and tortured by the West. Those findings show Dr. Mahathir Mohamad rsquo s struggle in fighting terrorism which always being associated with Islam."

"Penelitian ini membahas hubungan antara praktik wacana, peristiwa dan teks, serta struktur sosial budaya dalam pidato yang disampaikan Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin pada 30 Juni 2022. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis teks pidato Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin pada 30 Juni 2022 yang merepresentasikan hubungan antara Rusia dan Indonesia atas kedatangan Joko Widodo di Rusia dari sisi analisis wacana kritis. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan analisis isi bersifat kualitatif untuk mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis teks pidato Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin pada 30 Juni 2022. Hasil sementara penelitian ini adalah dalam pidato menunjukkan poin-poin penting pertemuan Joko Widodo dan Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin mengenai hubungan antarnegara dan memberikan komitmen kerja sama Rusia dengan Indonesia yang terepresentasikan dalam pidato dengan teori Norman Fairclough dengan tiga dimensi model yang memerlukan jenis analisis yang berbeda, yaitu analisis teks, praktik diskursif, dan praksis sosial. Sehingga, dalam unsur tersebut dapat dilihat bagaimana peristiwa, orang, kelompok, situasi, keadaan dan lainnya yang ditampilkan dalam teks pidato.

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This study discusses the relationship between discourse practices, events, and texts, as well as socio-cultural structures, in a speech delivered by Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin on June 30, 2022. This study aims to analyze the text of Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin's speech on June 30, 2022, which represents the relationship between Russia and Indonesia over Joko Widodo's arrival in Russia from a critical discourse analysis perspective. Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin's speech on June 30, 2022, from the side of critical discourse analysis. The research method used in this study is a descriptive method with a qualitative content analysis approach to describe and analyze the text of Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin's speech on June 30, 2022. The interim results of this research are in the speech showing the important points of the meeting of Joko Widodo and Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin regarding relations between countries and providing a commitment to cooperation between Russia and Indonesia which was represented in a speech using Norman Fairclough's theory with a three-dimensional model that requires different types of analysis, namely text analysis, discursive practice, and social praxis. So, in these elements, it can be seen how events, people, groups, situations, circumstances, and others are displayed in the speech text."