Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRAKKawasan Segitiga Terumbu Karang Coral Triangle merupakan kawasan biodiversitas penting yang keberadaannya terancam karena dampak perubahan iklim. Hal ini mendorong aktor-aktor lingkungan di kawasan regional untuk beraksi dalam menyelamatkannya. Tesis ini berupaya mengetahui bagaimana aktor non-negara World Wide Fund for Nature WWF melakukan diplomasinya dalam isu terumbu karang di kawasan Coral Triangle, khususnya di Indonesia. Paparan yang terdapat pada tulisan ini membahas bagaimana aktor non-negara bekerja sama dalam mencapai tujuan, yaitu dalam mewujudkan Plan of Action Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reef Fisheries and Food Security CTI-CFF . Tulisan ini berfokus pada upaya-upaya NGO dan dampaknya terhadap negara terkait dari proses issue framing, proses pembentukan kerja sama dan negosiasi, sampai pada taraf implementasi. Analisa penelitian dengan pendekatan diplomasi non-governmental organization NGO mengantarkan pada argumentasi utama, bahwa peranan NGO dalam kerja sama lingkungan internasional memiliki pengaruh yang signifikan.

---

ABSTRACTCoral Triangle is a rich biodiversity area, which is threatened by the impact of climate change. Therefore, the increasing threat appears to encourage environmental actors in the region to remedy the ecosystem. This thesis explains the diplomacy of non state actor, particularly the World Wide Fund for Nature WWF in their effort to raise the Coral Triangle issue to the global attention. The explanation featured in this thesis discusses on how WWF cooperates towards reaching the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reef Fisheries and Food Security CTI CFF Plan of Action. The focus of this thesis is the impacts of WWF efforts to the behavior of the state they comprise of the process of issue framing, partnership making and negotiation process, and the program implementation processes. Using the Non Governmental Organisation NGO Diplomacy approach, this thesis leads to the main argument that WWF plays a significant role on international coral reef governance."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang Peran WWF di Indonesia sejak pertama melakukan upaya di Ujung Kulon pada tahun 1964. Pendirian WWF sendiri disebabkan karena pentingnya organisasi yang dapat menghimpun dana konservasi lingkungan. Badak Jawa sebagai salah satu spesies yang sedang menghadapi kepunahan karena tindakan perburuan. WWF datang ke Ujung Kulon untuk melakukan konservasi terhadap Badak Jawa. Selama melakukan konservasi WWF bekerjasama dengan pemerintah menghadapi tantangan-tantangan yang muncul. Konservasi Badak Jawa yang dilakukan WWF bersama pemerintah membawa dampak sosial dan ekonomi.

---

This study focuses on the role of WWF in Indonesia since its first attempt in Ujung Kulon in 1964. The establishment of WWF itself was based on the importance of an organization that raises funds for environmental conservation. Javan Rhino as one of the species that was facing extinction due to poaching. WWF came to Ujung Kulon to conduct conservation toward Javan Rhino. During the conservation, WWF dealt with challenges that arose together with local government. The conservation of Javan Rhino conducted by WWF along with the Indonesian Government brought social and economic impacts."

"The article attempts to explore the efforts to forge a new multilateral cooperation in preserving the coral reefs, fisheries, and food security in the southwest Pacific sub-region from the perspective of Indonesia's foreign policy..."

"ABSTRAKDinamika hubungan internasional telah memberi ruang bagi aktor non-negara untuk berkontribusi dalam isu-isu internasional. Penelitian ini ditujukan untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian bagaimana WWF mengembangkan inisiatif Global Forest Trade Network (GFTN) untuk menekan laju deforestasi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif untuk mengembangkan teori norma internasional, khususnya norma kehutanan lestari. Selanjutnya penelitian ini menggunakan konsep daur hidup norma untuk menganalisis bagaimana WWF mengembangkan instrument norma kehutanan dalam bentuk skema sertifikasi (FSC) dan jaringan perdagangan hasil hutan bersertifikat (GFTN). Hasil analisis menunjukan WWF mampu mengadvokasikan norma kehutanan internasional hingga terinternalisasi ke dalam institusi dan perangkat kebijakan kehutanan Indonesia. Adapun pada tahap kemunculan norma, ditemukan adanya penerjemahan indikator yang berbeda dari norma kehutanan WWF. Penelitian ini mengistilahkan kondisi tersebut sebagai alternative indicator of norms. Selanjutnya dalam konteks penanggulangan deforestasi Indonesia, hasil analisis jangka pendek memperlihatkan tidak ada hubungan kausal secara langsung antara perkembangan penerimaan norma kehutanan lestari dengan laju deforestasi Indonesia. Diprediksikan hasil positif internalisasi norma ini mungkin akan terlihat dalam beberapa tahun ke depan. Mengingat internalisasi norma kehutanan baru saja terjadi, sementara tata kelola hutan lestari masih dikembangkan dalam pendekatan bertahap. Dengan melihat interaksi antar aktor yang amat dinamis, penulis menggaris-bawahi kerja sama multi-pihak sebagai kunci keberlangsungan tata kelola hutan yang bertanggung-jawab.

---

ABSTRACTThe development of international relations had provided space for non-state actors to contribute to international issues. The goal of this research is to examines how WWF developed the Global Forest Trade Network (GFTN) initiative to reduce deforestation in Indonesia. This research uses qualitative methods to develops theory of international norms, focused on sustainable forest norms. Furthermore, this study uses the norm life cycle concept to analyze how WWF develops forestry norm instruments in the form of a certification scheme (FSC) and certified forest products forest trade network (GFTN). The analysis shows that WWF is able to advocating international forestry norms to be internalized into Indonesian forest policy. While in the norm emergence stage, this research finds others interpretation of norms' indicators to content WWF forest norm. This research termed the condition as an 'alternative indicator of norms'. Furthermore, in the context of combating Indonesia's deforestation, the results of the short-term analysis shows there is no direct causal relationship between the diffusion of sustainable forestry norms and Indonesia deforestation rate. It is predicted that the positive results of internalizing this norm will probably be seen in the next few years. Considering the internalization of the norms of forestry has just happened, while sustainable forest management is still being developed in a step-wised-approach. This research also underlines multi-stakeholder cooperation as the key to maintain sustainable forest governance."

"Coral reefs are the 'rain forests' of the ocean, containing the highest diversity of marine organisms and facing the greatest threats from humans. As shallow-water coastal habitats, they support a wide range of economically and culturally important activities, from fishing to tourism. Their accessibility makes reefs vulnerable to local threats that include over-fishing, pollution and physical damage. Reefs also face global problems, such as climate change, which may be responsible for recent widespread coral mortality and increased frequency of hurricane damage. This book, first published in 2006, summarises the state of knowledge about the status of reefs, the problems they face, and potential solutions. The topics considered range from concerns about extinction of coral reef species to economic and social issues affecting the well-being of people who depend on reefs. The result is a multi-disciplinary perspective on problems and solutions to the coral reef crisis."

"Indonesia berada di segitiga terumbu karang dengan populasi terbesar di dunia. Indonesia memiliki hamparan ekosistem terumbu karang seluas 2,5 juta hektar yang di dalamnya terdapat 362 spesies hard coral dengan 66 spesies di antaranya merupakan jenis ekonomi penting. Kurun 2012-2016 Indonesia berkontribusi rata-rata sebesar 5,58 % sebagai eksportir karang hias terbesar kedua dunia setelah Jepang. Pemanfaatan karang untuk perdagangan turut memicu isu kerusakan habitat, perdagangan ilegal, serta gangguan kesehatan karang sehingga mendorong pemerintah untuk merumuskan regulasi pemanfaatan terumbu karang untuk perdagangan melalui kebijakan kuota pengambilan karang dari alam dan larangan ekspor karang hias dengan tujuan dapat memperbaiki kondisi terumbu karang di Indonesia. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menemukan bukti empiris apakah kebijakan tersebut di atas dapat mempengaruhi kondisi terumbu karang di Indonesia. Penulis menggunakan Fixed-Effect Model pada persamaan regresi Difference in Difference menunjukkan hasil bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata kondisi terumbu karang di Indonesia selama penerapan kebijakan kuota pengambilan karang dari alam serta antara sebelum dan setelah adanya kebijakan larangan ekspor karang hias. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa larangan ekspor karang hias tidak mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap kondisi terumbu karang di Indonesia.

---

Indonesia is in the coral triangle with the largest coral population in the world. Indonesia has a coral reefs covering an area of 2,5 million hectares in which there are 362 species of hard coral with 66 species being economically important species. In the period between 2012-2016, Indonesia contributed an average of 5,58 % as the world’s second largest ornamental corals exporter after Japan. The utilization of coral for trade also sparked the issues of habitat destruction, illegal trade, and coral health problems has prompted the government to formulate regulations on the utilization of coral reefs for trade through a quota policy for taking coral from nature and the export banning of ornamental coral with the aim of improving the condition of coral reefs in Indonesia. This study aims to find an empirical evidence does the policies mentioned above affect the condition of coral reefs in Indonesia. The author uses the Fixed-Effect Model on the Difference in Difference regression equation whose result show that there were no real differences in the condition of coral reefs in Indonesia during the implementation of the quota policy for taking coral from nature and between before and after the export banning of ornamental coral. This shows that export banning of ornamental corals does not significantly affect the condition of coral reefs in Indonesia."

"Inisiatif Presiden RI untuk menggolkan program penyelamatan terumbu karang di kawasan Asia Pasifik pada pertemuan puncak forum kerjasama ekonomi Asia PAsifik (The Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation, APEC) ke 15 di Sydney pada tanggal 8 dan 9 September 2007, merupaka sebuah tonggak sejarah dan kesempatan yang dapat menghasilkan dampak positif maupun negatif, baik bagi pemerintah maupun masyarakat di sekitar ekosistem terumbu karang (ETK)

---

"