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"Penyakit paru obstruksif kronik PPOK merupakan penyakit paru dengan karakteristik hambatan aliran udara yang progresif, karena peningkatan reaksi peradangan kronik berlebihan pada saluran napas dan parenkim paru. Stres oksidatif terutama akibat pajanan rokok dalam jangka waktu lama berperan sentral pada patogenesis PPOK. Beta karoten suatu karotenoid punya peran pada stres oksidatif dengan kemampuan mereduksi paling tinggi dan lebih efisien mengikat radikal yang berasal dari dalam dinding liposom pada kompartemen lipofilik dinding sel. Di Indonesia bahan makanan sumber β-karoten mudah didapat. Penelitian ini bertujuan mencari hubungan antara kadar β-karoten dan MDA serum pada penderita PPOK. Penelitian pontong lintang ini mengikutsertakan 47 penderita PPOK melalui metode consecutive sampling. Data sosio-demografi, riwayat merokok, asupan β-karoten secara FFQ semikuantitatif diperoleh dengan wawancara. Data skor CAT, kekerapan kekambuhan dan uji fungsi paru terbaru didapatkan dari rekam medik. Dilakukan pengukuran IMT, kadar MDA serum dengan spektrofotometri dan β-karoten serum dengan HPLC. Subjek paling banyak berusia 60-74 tahun, bekas perokok, dengan IMT normal. Asupan dan kadar ?-karoten serum rendah pada sebagian besar 63,8 subjek. Kadar MDA serum cenderung lebih tinggi daripada orang sehat, menandakan adanya penngkatan stres oksidatif pada penderita PPOK. Tidak didapatkan adanya korelasi antara kadar β-karoten dan MDA serum.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is a lung disease, characterized by progressive air flow resistance, which increase chronic inflammatory reactions of the airways and lung parenchyma. A history of exposure to risk factors, especially smoking, for long term contribute to the central role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of COPD. Beta carotene as one of the antioxidants may play a role in oxidative stress among COPD patients, carotene's food source is abandon in Indonesia. This cross sectional study aimed to investigate relationship between levels of serum carotene and MDA in COPD patients. Consecutive sampling was applied to recruit 47 COPD subjects, who mainly subjects elderly with history of heavy smoking. Socio demographic data, smoking history, intake of carotene by semiquantitative FFQ was obtained by interview. CAT score, frequency of exacerbations and lung function tests were obtained from medical records. Nutritional status by BMI, concentration of carotene by HPLC and MDA serum by spectrophotometry were assessed. More than 50 subjects'carotene intake and serum level were lower than reference. Serum MDA level was higher than healthy person's, indicating an increase oxidative stress among COPD patients. There was no correlation between serum carotene and MDA levels. "

"Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik PPOK adalah penyakit akibat stres oksidatif penyebab menurunnya fungsi paru sehingga mempengaruhi kualitas hidup penderitanya.Tes baku untuk mengukur kualitas hidup PPOK adalah COPD AssessmentTest CAT . Vitamin C sebagai antioksidan banyak terdapat di cairan pelapis epitel paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin C serum dan skor CAT pada PPOK. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan di RSUP Persahabatan,Jakarta Timur, melibatkan 47 subjek dengan metode consecutive sampling. Data karakteristik subjek dan asupan vitamin C secara FFQ semikuantitatif didapatkan melalui wawancara. Data klasifikasi klinis, fungsi paru, komorbid, skor CAT didapatkan dari rekam medis dan wawancara. Status gizi ditentukan berdasarkan Indeks Masa Tubuh IMT , dan kadar vitamin C serum dengan spektrofotometer. Semua subjek laki-laki, rerata usia 66,6 tahun, sebagian besar bekas perokok berat dengan fungsi paru rendah. Status gizi kurang pada 25 subjek, skor CAT kategori ringan, asupan vitamin C cukup, dan kadar vitamin C rendah. Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara kadar vitamin C serum dan skor CAT.

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COPD is a disease due to oxidative stress causing low pulmonary function, resulting in low quality of life. A standard test to measure the quality of life in COPD is COPD Assessment Test CAT . Vitamin C as antioxidant is widely available in the pulmonary epithelial fluid. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between serum vitamin C level and CAT score in COPD. This cross sectional study was conducted at Persahabatan Hospital, East Jakarta, involving 47 subjects using consecutive sampling method. Interview was used to assess subjects rsquo characteristics and vitamin C intake using semi quantitative FFQ. Clinical classification, lung function, comorbidity, and CAT scores were gathered from medical records or interview. BMI was used to determine nutritional status, while vitamin C serum level was assessed using spectrophotometry. All subjects were male, mean age was 66.6 years, mostly ex heavy smokers, with decreased lung function, and 25 were undernourished. Vitamin C intake was sufficient, but low in serum vitamin C level and CAT score. There was no correlation between serum vitamin C levels and CAT score. "

"Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik PPOK merupakan penyakit dengan penurunan fungsi paru, yang melibatkan stres oksidatif pada patogenesisnya. Likopen diketahui merupakan salah satu karotenoid utama pada jaringan paru dengan aktivitas antioksidan sangat kuat. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan di RSUP Persahabatan, Jakarta Timur, melibatkan 47 subjek dengan tujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar likopen serum dengan fungsi paru pada penderita PPOK. Karakteristik subjek dan asupan likopen didapatkan melalui wawancara menggunakan food frequency questionairre FFQ semi-kuantitatif. Kategori diagnosis PPOK didapatkan dari rekam medis atau wawancara. Status gizi ditentukan berdasarkan Indeks Masa Tubuh IMT , fungsi paru ditentukan menggunakan spirometri, dan kadar likopen serum diukur dengan High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC . Semua subjek laki-laki, terbanyak berusia ge;60 tahun, hampir separuh bekas perokok berat, 51 berstatus gizi normal. Asupan likopen 4.407 256 ndash;18.331 mg/hari, lebih rendah daripada asupan orang sehat. Kadar likopen serum 0,57 0,25 mmol/L, setara dengan orang sehat. Terdapat korelasi positif p=0,001; r=0,464 antara kadar likopen serum dengan VEP1/KVP, namun tidak terdapat korelasi kadar likopen serum dengan VEP1/Prediksi dan KVP/Prediksi.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease COPD is a disease with decreasing pulmonary function, involving oxidative stres on its pathogenesis. Lycopene is one of the main carotenoids in lungs, with very potent antioxidant property. This cross sectional study was conducted at Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta, involving 47 subjects, aiming to investigate the correlation between serum lycopene level and lung function in COPD subjects. Interview was used to assess subjects rsquo characteristics and lycopene intake using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire FFQ . COPD grouping was gathered from medical records or interview. Body mass index BMI was used to determine nutritional status, lung function test conducted by spirometry, while lycopene serum level was assessed using High Performance Liquid Chromatography HPLC method. All subjects were male, majority ge 60 years old, almost half ex heavy smokers, about 51 were in normal nutritional status. Lycopene intake was 4,407 256 ndash 18,331 mg day, lower compared to healthy subjects rsquo . Serum lycopene level was 0.57 0.25mmol L, similar to normal level in healthy individuals. There was a correlation p 0.001 r 0.464 between serum lycopene level and FEV1 FVC, but no correlations between serum lycopene level and FEV1 , neither was FVC . "

"Penyakit paru obstruksi kronis PPOK merupakan penyebab kematian ketiga di dunia dengan prevalensi 5,6 di Indonesia. Penderita PPOK berisiko mengalami eksaserbasi yang dicetuskan oleh inflamasi dan/atau stres oksidatif. Stres oksidatif akan mempengaruhi status antioksidan di dalam tubuh termasuk vitamin E. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui korelasi antara kadar vitamin E serum dan kekerapan eksaserbasi pada penderita PPOK. Penelitian potong lintang ini dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan pada bulan April-Agustus 2016, melibatkan 47 penderita PPOK. Asupan vitamin E dinilai dengan food frequency questionnaire FFQ semikuantitatif, kekerapan eksaserbasi didapatkan dari wawancara dan/atau rekam medis, kadar vitamin E serum ditentukan mengunakan high performance liquid chromatography HPLC . Rerata asupan vitamin E subjek adalah 5,8 2,9 mg/hari, di bawah Angka Kecukupan Gizi. Nilai median kadar vitamin E serum 10,8 3,0 ? 14,8 ?mol/L, dan kekerapan eksaserbasi 2 0 ? 9 kali/tahun. Tidak didapatkan korelasi bermakna antara kadar vitamin E serum dan kekerapan eksaserbasi.

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Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD is the third leading cause of death in the world with a prevalence of 5.6 in Indonesia. COPD patients were at risk of exacerbations which may be triggered by inflammation and or oxidative stress. Oxidative stress will affect the antioxidant status, including vitamin E. The aim of this study was to investigate a correlation between serum vitamin E concentration and exacerbation frequency of COPD. This cross sectional study was conducted at Persahabatan General Hospital from April to August 2016, involving 47 COPD patients. Vitamin E intake was assessed using semi quantitative food frequency questionnaire FFQ , exacerbation frequency was obtained by interview and or medical records, serum vitamin E concentration was determined using high performance liquid chromatography HPLC . Subjects rsquo mean vitamin E intake was 5.8 2.9 mg day, which did not meet Recommended Dietary Allowance. Median serum vitamin E concentration was 10.8 3.0 14.8 mol L, and exacerbation frequency was 2 0 9 times year. There was no significant correlation between serum vitamin E concentration and exacerbation frequency. "

"

Beta karoten memiliki kapasitas antioksidan. Malondialdehida (MDA), produk dari peroksidasi poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), merupakan penanda stres oksidatif. Keseimbangan oksidan dan antioksidan dalam ASI membantu mencegah terjadinya radikal bebas pada bayi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara asupan beta karoten dengan kadar beta karoten ASI dan mengetahui ada tidaknya hubungan antara asupan beta karoten dengan kadar MDA ASI. Delapan puluh ibu usia 20–40 tahun yang menyusui secara eksklusif dan memiliki bayi usia 1–6 bulan yang datang ke Puskesmas Kecamatan Cilincing dan Grogol Petamburan pada bulan Februari–April 2019 dan bersedia menandatangani lembar persetujuan penelitian menjadi subjek penelitian. ASInya di periksa di laboratorium. Korelasi positif lemah ditemukan antara indeks masa tubuh (IMT) dan kadar MDA ASI (r = 0,285, p = 0,010) serta asupan beta karoten dan kadar MDA ASI (r = - 0,469 dengan p <0,001). Korelasi negatif sedang ditemukan pada durasi menyusui dalam minggu dengan kadar MDA ASI, asupan beta karoten memilki korelasi positif lemah dengan kadar MDA ASI (r = 0,247, p = 0,027). Aktivitas fisik memiliki hubungan dengan kadar beta karoten ASI (p = 0,012). Dengan demikian, IMT, durasi menyusui, asupan beta karoten berpengaruh terhadap kadar MDA ASI.

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Beta carotene has antioxidant capacity. Malondialdehyde (MDA), a poly unsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) peroxidation product, is the marker of oxidative stress. The balance of oxidant and antioxidant in breastmilk helps prevent the free radical formation in babies. The purpose of this study is to analyze the correlation of beta carotene intake with the breast milk (BM) beta carotene level and to determine the relationship between beta carotene intake with the MDA level in BM. Eighty 20–40 years old exclusively breastfeeding mothers who came to Cilincing and Grogol Petamburan Public Health Centre in February–April 2019 and had 1–6 months old babies were enrolled in this cross-sectional study. The BM were assessed the laboratory. Weak positive correlation was found between body mass index (BMI) and BM MDA level (r = 0.285, p = 0.010) as well as beta carotene intake and BM MDA level (r = 0.247, p = 0.027). Medium negative correlation was found between breastfeeding duration in weeks with the BM MDA level (r = - 0.469, p <0.001). Physical activity has a relationship with BM beta carotene level (p = 0.012). Therefore, BMI, breastfeeding duration, beta carotene intake has a correlation with BM MDA level.

"

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Hipertensi pulmonal merupakan komplikasi tersering padaPenyakit Paru Obstruksi Kronis (PPOK). Angka kematian akan meningkat tajambila pasien PPOK sudah mengalami komplikasi ini. Selama ini pengukuran tekananarteri pulmonalis hanya diukur pada saat pasien PPOK eksaserbasi dirawat diruangintesif dengan cara invasif mengunakan alat Right heart catherization (RHC). Datakelompok PPOK stabil yang mengalami hipertensi pulmonal yang diukur dengancara non invasif masih relatif sedikit yang di publikasi. Saat ini sudah adaEchocardiography Doppler yang dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti RHC padakelompok PPOK stabil.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara Penurunan FEV1 %prediksi dengan Peningkatan Rerata Tekanan Arteri Pulmonalis dan mencari titikpotong terbaik secara klinis antara FEV1 % prediksi dan mPAPMetode: Studi potong lintang pada lima puluh delapan subjek PPOK stabil yangdilakukan spirometri dan pengukuran mPAP dengan menggunakan Ekhokardiografidoppler pada potongan short axis setinggi aorta.Hasil: Nilai rerata FEV1 % prediksi 26,6 (SB 4,7) dan rerata mPAP 37,61 (18,1-59)mmHg. 74 % subjek mengalami hipertensi pulmonal, dengan karakteristik 24 %ringan, 31 % sedang dan 19 % berat. Terdapat korelasi negatif kuat antarapenurunan FEV1 % prediksi dengan peningkatan mPAP. Semakin turun FEV1%prediksi semakin meningkat mPAP. Nilai titik potong terbaik secara klinis 55,3 %dengan sensitivitas 93%Kesimpulan: FEV1 % prediksi berkorelasi negatif yang sangat kuat dengantekanan rerata arteri pulmonalis. FEV1 % prediksi 55,3 % memiliki kemampuanyang cukup baik membedakan PPOK stabil yang sudah mengalami hipertensipulmonal

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ABSTRACTBackground: Pulmonary hypertension is the most common complication of chronicobstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Mortality rate will increase when COPDcomplication with Pulmonary Hypertension. Right Heart Catheterization (RHC) isthe most common tool to measure Mean Pulmonary Arterial Pressure either in COPDpatients with exacerbations treated in intensive care unit. Data of pulmonaryhypertension in stable COPD group is still relatively rare published. Alternatively toRHC, nowadays echocardiography is used to measure Mean Pulmonary ArterialPressure in stable COPD group.Objective: To determine the correlation between forced expiratory volume in onesecond (FEV1 %) prediction and mean pulmonary arterial pressure. To determine thebest clinically cut-off point between FEV1% prediction with mean pulmonaryarterial pressureMethods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on fifty-eight stable male COPDpatients (mean age : 67,6) under went spirometry. Mean pulmonary arterial pressurewas measured using transthoracic echocardiography at short axis view in aortic level.Results: Mean value of FEV1% was 26,6 % (SD 4,7) with median value of meanpulmonary arterial pressure was 37,61 mmHg (range 18,3-59). 74% subjects werepulmonary hypertension; 24 % mild, 31 % moderate and 19% severe respectively.The correlation test showed a significant strong-negative correlation(r = - 0,948, p < 0,001). The best cut-off point of FEV1% prediction, which has aclinical value correlating to mean pulmonary arterial pressure, was 55,3% with thesensitivity 93 %.Conclusions: Forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1 %) prediction has asignificant correlation with mean pulmonary arterial pressure in stable chronicobstructive disease patients. The cut-off point FEV1 % prediction was 55,3% has agood capability to discriminate pulmonary hypertension in stable PPOK patient."

"ABSTRACTLaju filtrasi glomerulus menjadi salah satu indikator keseluruhan tingkat fungsi ginjal. Selain pemeriksaan laju filtrasi glomerulus terdapat pula pemeriksaan lainnya yang juga dinilai dapat menggambarkan kondisi tersebut, yaitu pemeriksaan kadar asam urat. Namun selama ini belum adanya kepastian korelasi dan ukuran kadar asam urat yang sesuai untuk menentukan stadium penyakit ginjal kronik. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengetahui apakah terdapat korelasi antara Kadar asam urat dalam darah dan laju filtrasi glomerulus pada penderita penyakit ginjal kronik. Penelitian menggunakan desain potong lintang pada 75 orang pasien penyakit ginjal kronik yang melakukan pemeriksaan asam urat dan laju filtrasi glomerulus pada Laboratorium RSCM data sekunder. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji korelasi Spearmans. Hasil penelitian ini, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kadar asam urat darah dengan kadar laju filtrasi glomerulus p: 0,005; r: -0,362. Kesimpulannya, terdapat korelasi lemah negatif antara kadar asam urat darah dengan kadar laju filtrasi glomerulus pada pasien penyakit ginjal kronik. Kondisi ini kemungkinan dapat terjadi karena adanya faktor-faktor lain yang lebih berkontribusi terhadap kadar asam urat dan kadar laju filtrasi glomerulus.

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ABSTRACTGlomerular filtration rate is an indicator of kidney function. Beside of glomerular filtration rate, uric acid measurement in blood is also kidney function indicator. However, correlation between uric acid level and chronic kidney disease stadium has not been established. This research aims to find the correlation between those two variables. This research was done from laboratory result of 75 chronic kidney disease patients who underwent uric acid and glomerular filtration rate examination in RSCM laboratory. Sparmann rsquo s correlation test was done and showed significant correlation between blood uric acid level p 0.005 r 0.362 . Therefore, there is weak negative correlation between blood uric acid level and glomerular filtration rate in chronic kidney disease patients. It can be caused by other more contributing factors to blood uric acid level and glomerular filtration rate. "

"Tujuan: Mengelahui kadar karoten plasma, Malondialdehida plasma dan kebiasaan merokok pekerja laki-laki. Hasilnya diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai salah satu dasar memperbaiki pola hidup untuk menurunkan risiko aterosklerosis.Tempat: PT Nasional Gabel Bogor Jawa Barat.Metodologi: Penelitian dengan desain cross sectional pada 115 pekerja laki-laki baik yang merokok maupun tidak memrokok, berusia 20 - 55 tahun yang memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan, dan terpilih secara simple random sampling, menggunakan tabel bilangan acak. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi: umur, pendidikan, penghasilan, IMT, persentase massa lemak tubuh, asupan lemak, asupan serat, asupan karoten, kadar karoten plasma dan MDA plasmaHasil: Median kadar karoten plasma subyek yang tidak merokok [0,38 (0,09 - 1,95) mmol/L] lebih linggi dari subyek yang merokok [0,34 (0,08 - 0,94) mmol/L]. Median kadar MDA plasma subyek yang tidak merokok [0,61 (0,22 -- 4,75) mmol/mL] lebih rendah dari subyek yang merokok [0,68 (0,32 - 3,01) mmol/mL]. Tidak didapat hubungan yang bermakna (p>0,05) antara asupan karoten, kadar karoten plasma, kadar MDA plasma dengan kebiasaan merokok. Terdapat korelasi negatif yang bermakna (p<0,05) antara IMT (r = - 0,23), persentase massa lemak tubuh (r = - 0.27) dengan kadar D-karoten plasma. Hampir tidak didapatkan korelasi (r = - 0.06) antara kadar 13-karoten dengan MDA plasma.Kesimpulan: Hampir tidak didapatkan korelasi antara kadar R-karolen plasma dengan kadar MDA plasma.

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Objective: To study plasma 0-carotene concentration, plasma MDA concentration and smoking habit male workers. The results are expected to be used as one of basis to enhance life pattern, to decrease atherosclerosis risk.

Place: PT National Gobel Bogor West Java

Method: A cross sectional study was carried out among 115 male smoking workers and non smoking workers, age 20 - 55 years old, who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were selected by simple random sampling using random table. The collected data consist of age, education, income, body mass index, fat mass percentage, fat intake, fiber intake, carolene intake, plasma 0-carotene and MDA concentrations.

Results: Median of plasma fl-carotene concentration among non smokers was higher [0.38 (0.09 - 1.95) µmol/L] than smokers [4.34 (0.08 -- 0.94) µmol/L]. Median of plasma MDA concentration among non smokers [0.61 (0.22 - 4.75) mmol/mL] was lower than smokers [0.68 (0.32 - 3.01) mmol/mL]. There was no significant relationship (p>0.05) between [carotene intake, plasma II-carotene concentration, plasma MDA concentration and smoking. There was significant (p<0.05) negative correlation between body mass index (r = -0.23), fat mass percentage (r = -0.27) and plasma [-carotene concentration. Almost no con-elation (r = -0.06) was found. between plasma [carotene and MDA concentrations.

Conclusions: Almost no correlation was found between plasma carotene and MDA concentrations."

"Progresifitas dan persistensi gangguan pernapasan pada pasien dengan penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK) dapat meningkatkan mortalitas dan morbiditas jika tidak ditangani dengan tepat. Pursed Lip Breathing adalah tindakan keperawatan untuk memperbaiki kerja pernapasan dengan memperpanjang fase ekspirasi. Pengaturan posisi High Fowler diberikan kepada pasien yang mengalami kesulitan bernapas, pada posisi ini tahanan dinding dada menjadi minimal sehingga fungsi ventilasi dapat lebih optimal. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk menganalisis efektifitas pursed lip breathing dan high fowler positioning dalam mengurangi masalah kesulitan bernapas pada pasien PPOK. Analisis efektifitas tindakan tersebut diterapkan selama 4 hari masa rawat pada pasien PPOK. Hasil yang didapat dari evaluasi subjektif dan objektif pada pasien PPOK yang melakukan pursed lip breathing sebanyak 4 kali dalam sehari dengan durasi 5 sampai 10 menit menunjukan adanya perbaikan frekuensi napas, peningkatan saturasi oksigen dan penurunan PCO2 mendekati nilai normal. Keefektifan pursed lip breathing juga didukung dengan pemberian posisi High Fowler yang terbukti memperbaiki fungsi ventilasi, difusi dan perfusi serta meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien.

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The progression and persistence of respiratory disorders in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) could increase mortality and morbidity if not handled properly. Pursed Lip Breathing is a nursing intervention to improve work of breathing by extending the expiratory phase. High Fowler positioning is given to patients who have breathlessness. In high fowler position, the reseisteance of chest wall decreased so that the ventilation function can be optimized. The purpose of study is to analyze the effectiveness of the pursed lip breathing and the high fowler positioning to solve the breathlessness. Analysis of the effectiveness of this procedure was applied for 4 days in COPD patients. The results obtained from subjective and objective evaluations, patient who have undergone PLB for 4 times a day 5 to 10 minutes for each exercise showed the decreased in respiratory frequency, increased oxygen saturation and decreased PCO2 towards normal result. The effectiveness of PLB supported by the High Fowler positioning which is proven to improve ventilation, diffusion and perfusion function, and increase patient comfort."

"Latar belakang: Angka pasien anak yang menjalani hemodialisis (HD) kronik saat ini mengalami peningkatan. Hemodialisis sebagai modalitas terapi pengganti ginjal menjadi opsi untuk dapat membuang toksin uremik di dalam tubuh. Setidaknya ada 90 senyawa toksin uremik yang berhasil teridentifikasi termasuk ureum dan kreatinin serta golongan middle molecule yaitu beta 2 mikroglobulin (beta 2-MG). Evaluasi terhadap toksin uremik selain ureum kreatinin juga jarang dilakukan karena keterbatasan reagen di fasilitas kesehatan. Hemodialisis konvensional saat ini belum dapat secara efektif melakukan removal terhadap beta 2-MG dalam tubuh. Kadar beta 2-MG yang tinggi akan berakumulasi dan memiliki komplikasi jangka panjang di beberapa organ termasuk sistem kardiovaskular. Tujuan: Mengetahui korelasi antara beta 2-MG serum dengan resep hemodialisis dan faktor komorbid pada anak yang menjalani HD kronik.Metode: Penelitian cross-sectional ini menganalisis data primer pasien anak yang menjalani HD kronik di Unit Dialisis Kiara RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) pada tahun 2024.Hasil: Jumlah subyek penelitian ini adalah 38 anak yang terdiri dari 22 (57,9%) laki-laki dan 16 (42,1%) perempuan. Nilai rerata usia adalah 13,2 ± 2,9 tahun. Mayoritas penyebab PGK pasien adalah glomerulonefritis (44,7%), profil status nutrisi terbanyak adalah gizi kurang (60,5%), menjalani HD mode konvensional kurang dari 36 bulan (92,1%) dengan frekuensi 2 kali per minggu (89,5%) dan sebanyak 73,7% menggunakan dializer jenis high flux yang berbahan dasar membran sintetis. Sebanyak 28,9% subyek mengalami hipertensi stadium 2 dan 65,8% memiliki fraksi ejeksi normal. Kadar beta 2-MG pre HD terbanyak di 10-25 mg/dL (50%) dan pasca HD 2,5-10mg/dL (42,1%). Berdasarkan analisis korelasi, terdapat korelasi positif antara beta 2-MG reduction ratio dengan dializer high flux yang berbahan sintetis (r=0,716; p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Terdapat korelasi positif antara beta 2-MG reduction ratio dengan dializer high flux berbahan dasar membran sintetis. Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara beta 2-MG serum dengan parameter resep HD yang lain serta komorbid kardiovaskular, yaitu hipertensi dan fraksi ejeksi.

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Background: The number of pediatric patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis (HD) is currently increasing. Hemodialysis as a renal replacement therapy modality is an option to get rid of uremic toxins in the body. There are at least 90 uremic toxin compounds that have been identified, including urea and creatinine, as well as the middle molecule group, namely beta 2 microglobulin (beta 2-MG). It is uncommon to evaluate uremic toxins other than urea creatinine due to limited reagents in health facilities. Conventional hemodialysis currently cannot effectively remove beta 2-MG from the body. High levels of beta 2-MG will accumulate and have long-term complications in several organs, including the cardiovascular system.

Objective: To determine the correlation between serum beta 2-MG with hemodialysis prescription and comorbid factors in children undergoing chronic HD

Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzes primary data from pediatric patients undergoing chronic HD at Kiara Dialysis Unit RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) Kiara in 2024.

Result: The number of subjects in this study was 38 children, consisting of 22 (57.9%) boys and 16 (42.1%) girls. The mean age value was 13.2 ± 2.9 years. Glomerulonephritis accounted for 44.7% of the causes of CKD in patients. Malnutrition was the most prevalent nutritional status profile (60.5%). The majority of patients (92.1%) had conventional HD mode less than 36 months, and 89.5% had it twice a week. Up to 73.7% of people utilized high flow dialyzers made of synthetic materials. A total of 28.9% of subjects had stage 2 hypertension and 65.8% had normal ejection fraction. The prevalence of beta 2-MG levels pre HD were highest at 10-25 mg/dL (50%) and post HD at 2.5-10 mg/dL (42.1%). Based on correlation analysis, there is a positive correlation between beta 2-MG reduction ratio and high flux dialyzers made from synthetic materials (r=0.716; p=0.000).

Conclusion: There is a positive correlation between beta 2-MG reduction ratio and synthetic-based high flux dialyzers. There is no significant correlation between serum beta 2-MG and other HD prescription parameters and cardiovascular comorbidities, namely hypertension and ejection fraction."