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"On 21 November 2007, leaders of the Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) promulgated the ASEAN Charter (the Charter). Not only does it provide legal basis for ASEAN?s legal personality; it also provides new legal norms for its member states. One of those that need to be discussed is the establishment of ASEAN?s Human Rights Body (the Body). This obligation is stipulated in Article 14 of the Charter, which stresses the commitment of member nations to protect human rights. However, the establishment of the Body has faced numerous pessimistic opinions regarding the organisation?s capability to protect human rights considering its notorious reputation over this matter. The article is fosucing on some areas of concerns that need to be looked at to put the Body into operation. Some important lessons from the European Human Rights Body is examined as comparison."

"ABSTRACTThis article looks at the issue of enforced disappearances of migrants during their migratory journey or once they have reached their destination, a subject yet to be addressed in the literature. It examines how the legal and analytical framework provided by international human rights law and migration law applies to enforced disappearances of migrants. It then reviews the factors that contribute to this phenomenon in different contexts, including the disappearance of migrants for political reasons, those that take place in detention and deportation processes and those that take place within the context of migrant smuggling and trafficking."

"ABSTRAKHak kebebasan beragama merupakan hak asasi manusia yang tidak boleh dibatasi dalam keadaan apapun. Hak kebebasan beragama tidak hanya mencakup kebebasan setiap manusia untuk memilih keyakinan yang menurutnya benar, namun juga termasuk hak bagi tiap-tiap manusia untuk mengekspresikan keyakinannya dan juga hak untuk menjalankan segala ajaran agama atau kepercayaan yang diyakininya. Indonesia melalui Undang-Undang Nomor 1/PNPS Tahun 1965 hanya mengakui enam agama yaitu Islam, Kristen, Protestan, Hindu, Budha, dan Khonghucu. Pengakuan negara terhadap agama tertentu memang dibolehkan dan tidak melanggar hak asasi manusia. Sayangnya pengakuan negara terhadap enam agama tersebut menimbulkan dampak terlanggarnya beberapa hak asasi manusia, khususnya para penganut aliran kepercayaan dan agama-agama selain agama resmi yang diakui negara. Dampak yang timbul dari pengakuan negara terhadap agama-agama tertentu tersebut adalah pembubaran aliran-aliran yang dianggap sesat, pencantuman agama di dalam KTP yang kemudian menjadi pintu masuk pembatasan hak-hak para penganut aliran kepercayaan dan agama yang tidak diakui negara, pendirian rumah ibadat, dan pendidikan agama di sekolah.

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ABSTRACTThe right to freedom of religion is a human right that should not be restricted in any circumstances. Right to freedom of religion not only includes the freedom of every human being to choose beliefs which he said is true, but it also includes a right for every human being to express his convictions and also right to perform any religious doctrine or belief that he believes. Indonesia through Law No. 1/PNPS of 1965 only recognizes six religions: Islam, Christianity, Protestantism, Hinduism, Buddhism, and Confucianism. State recognition of a particular religion is permissible and does not violate human rights. Unfortunately the state recognition of the six religious impact some human rights violations, especially the adherents of religions, beliefs and religions other than official religions recognized by the state. Impacts arising from the state recognition of certain religions is the dissolution of streams that are considered heretical, the inclusion of religion on identity cards which later became the entrance to the restrictions of the rights of followers of religions, beliefs and religions that are not recognized by the state, the establishment of the synagogue, and religious education in schools."

"Tourism activities in era globalization bring positive and negative impacts especially for the host countries destination. To minimize the negative impacts it is very important to always promote the sustainable development of tourism including from a human rights perspective. This paper will discuss concerning who have responsibility to promote a human rights related with sustainable development of tourism. To explore the topic in this article, Author will study both international human rights instruments and environmental convention as well as the soft law regarding the tourism sector such as the UN WTO Global Code Of Ethics. The Law No. 10 Year 2009 concerning Indonesia Tourism Law is also part of legal material studied in this paper. There are national, international legal instruments of the human rights as well as UNWTO Global Codes of Ethics which can be utilized to promote sustainable tourism through human rights perspective. It is considered that all stakeholders have responsibility to promote sustainable development of tourism"

"This fascinating Handbook explores the interplay between international human rights law and international humanitarian law, offering expert analysis on the increasingly complex issues surrounding their application in conflict areas across the world"

"Summary:Elgar Advanced Introductions are stimulating and thoughtful introductions to major fields in the social sciences and law, expertly written by the world's leading scholars."

"This book offers a comprehensive analysis of the extent, method, purpose and effects of domestic and international courts' judicial dialogue on human rights. The analysis covers national courts' judicial dialogue from different regions of the world, including Eastern Europe, Latin America, Canada, Nigeria and Malaysia. The text is complemented by studies on specific subject matters such as LGTBI people's and asylum seekers' rights that further contribute to a better understanding of factors that stimulate or hold back judicial dialogue, and by first hand insights of domestic and European Court of Human Rights judges into their courts' involvement in judicial dialogue. The book features contributions from leading scholars and judges, whose combined perspectives provide an interesting and timely study."

"In the context past gross human rights violation cases in Indonesia, the President’s constitutionalauthority to propose amnesty law might by and large implicate legal and ethical aspects.Holistically, any forgiveness and oblivion against any human rights violators should consider thedevelopment and the dynamic of international criminal law, which arguably have been directedto an absolute individual criminal responsibility. Against this issue, this paper finds that based onlegal and ethical arguments, accompanied with various technical preconditions outlined in theBelfast Guideline on Amnesty and Accountability, an amnesty towards past gross human rightsviolators must be taken paradigmatically. Arguably, amnesty proceeding through an independentad hoc committee shall be able to challenge Indonesia’s transitional framework, namely: to workas a historian and a jurist. This suggests that the elements of amnesty, both procedural andsubstantial, need to work in the area of deliberative democracy that calls for public participationand the protection of human rights.Dalam konteks kasus pelanggaran berat hak asasi manusia (HAM) di Indonesia, kewenanganPresiden dalam memberikan amnesti dapat berimplikasi pada dua aspek, yakni: legal dan etik.Secara holistik, pemaafan dan pelupaan terhadap para pelanggar HAM pada masa lalu patutmempertimbangkan perkembangan dan dinamika hukum pidana internasional, yang mengarahpada pertanggungjawaban pidana secara absolut. Tulisan ini menyimpulkan bahwa logikaargumentatif secara legal dan etik, serta berbagai prasyarat teknis di dalam Belfast Guidelineon Amnesty and Accountability mengindikasikan bahwa amnesti terhadap pelanggar HAM masalalu harus dilakukan secara paradigmatik. Dalam hal ini, proses amnesti melalui komite ad hocyang mandiri dapat menjawab dua tantangan dalam kerangka kerja transisional di Indonesia,yakni: untuk bekerja sebagai sejarawan dan juga praktisi hukum. Dengan demikian, kebijakanamnesti mengisyaratkan bahwa elemen-elemen amnesti secara prosedural dan substantif wajibdijalankan dalam area demokrasi deliberatif yang menghendaki adanya partisipasi publik danperlindungan terhadap HAM."

"Even though the concept of human rights mainstreaming is not new to publicinternational law, it has recently gained increased recognition as a practicalapproach for recognizing the linkages between human rights and other socialjustice issues such as environmental protection. A plenitude of literature havebeen generated on the need to recognize and enforce human rights standardsand norms in a wide range of issues including environment, health, gender,poverty, food, water and refugee protection to mention but a few. Despitethe rapid ascendancy of the human rights mainstreaming concept, muchattention have not been given to the scope of human rights mainstreamingand the practical aspects of human rights mainstreaming, particularlywhether institutions consisting of ?outsiders? to the human rights epistemiccommunity can interpret and enforce human rights obligation. Put simply, doenvironmentalists, scientists and outsiders to human rights have the capacityto mainstream human rights? This paper examines the scope and tenetsof human rights mainstreaming, it then discusses the practical aspects ofmainstreaming human rights into policy making, particularly how epistemicconcerns on human rights mainstreaming can be addressed in national andinternational policy design and implementation.There is virtually no aspect of our work that does not have a human rightsdimension. Whether we are talking about peace and security, development,humanitarian action, the struggle against terrorism, climate change, none ofthese challenges can be addressed in isolation from human rights."