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"Today is a new metropolitan age and for the first time ever more people live in cities than they do anywhere else. As cities strengthen their international and cultural influence, the global world is acted out most articulately in the world's urban hubs — through its diverse cultures, broad networks and innovative styles of governance. Looking at the city through its internal dynamics, the book examines how governance and cultural policy play out in a national and international framework.Making a truly global contribution to the literature, editors Isar and Anheier bring together a truly international and highly-respected collection of scholars. In doing so, they skilfully steer debates beyond the city as an economic powerhouse, to cover issues that fully comprehend a city's cultural dynamics and its impact on policy including alternative economies, creativity, migration, diversity, sustainability, education and urban planning.Innovative in its approach and content, this book is ideal for students, scholars and researchers interested in sociology, urban studies, cultural studies, and public policy."

"Makalah ini mengeksplorasi tentang bagaimana konten seksuaal begitu kental dalam film komedi. Makalah ini berusaha menjelaskan fenomena di mana film komedi, terutama di Indonesia banyak menggunakan konten seksual untuk meraup untung. Makalah ini mengungkap bahwa industri perfilman Indonesia sudah dimasuki oleh budaya populer (Barat) di mana Hollywood menjadi pemimpin tren budaya populer dalam seni perfilman. Konten seksual yang banyak ditemukan dalam film komedi Indonesia sejalan dengan Teori Budaya Industri yang dipaparkan oleh Theodore Adorno. Film komedi Hollywood memang menggunakan unsur seksual sebaga pemanis film itu sendiri. Di Indonesia sendiri, yang menggunaka konten seksual sebagai konten tambahan utama dalam film komedi sudah ada dari era 70-an. Budaya industri sudah memiliki standar bahwa film komedi yang menambahka unsur seksual akan laku di pasaran sehingga tinggal sedikit tempat bagi para pelaku industri perfilman yang tidak ingin memasukan unsur seks ke dalam film komedi. Makalah ini menemukan bahwa film komedi yang tidak menambah unsur seksual di dalamnya maka akan sulit mendapat tempat di masyarakat luas yang direpresentasikan sebagai pasar. Sehingga perkembangan film komedi Indonesia menjad seragam, dan yang berbeda dengan budaya populer akan ditinggalkan atau dikonsumsi oleh kalangan tertentu.

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This study explores how the content seksuaal so thick in the comedy. This study attempted to explain the phenomenon in which the comedy, especially in Indonesia, many use to reap a profit of sexual content. This study revealed that the Indonesian film industry has been infiltrated by popular culture (Western Culture) in which Hollywood became the leader of popular cultural trends in the art of cinema. Sexual content found in many Indonesian comedy film in line with the theory presented by the Cultural Industries Theodore Adorno.

Hollywood comedies do use sexual element as a sweetener film itself . In Indonesia alone, which make use of sexual content as the main additional content existing in the comedy of the 70's. Cultural industries already have a standard that comedy would attach sexually explicit behavior in the market which will leave little room for the actors of the film industry who do not want to incorporate elements into the sex comedy.

This study found that the comedy does not add to the sexual element in it then it will be difficult to get a place in the wider community is represented as a market. So the development of Indonesian comedy faint uniform, and that is different from the popular culture will be abandoned or consumed by certain circles."

"Makalah ini mengkaji hubungan antara tesis Adorno dan Horkheimer (1972) tentang Industri Budaya dengan fenomena “sinetron islami” di pertelevisian Indonesia. Analisa pada makalah ini berfokus pada kasus sinetron 'Tukang Bubur Naik Haji The Series'. Tayangan sinetron yang diangkat dari sebuah Film Televisi (FTV) dengan judul yang sama, yang pernah sukses pada tahun 2006 ini, ialah satu dari banyak sinetron yang mengusung unsur religi (Islam) dan cukup tenar di kalangan audiens pertelevisian Indonesia. Kepopulerannya ditunjukkan dari angka share dan rating 'Tukang Bubur Naik Haji The Series' yang kerap tinggi setiap minggunya. Akan tetapi, di balik ketenarannya, 'Tukang Bubur Naik Haji The Series' dikritik mempertontonkan realita yang keliru, misalnya tokoh agama yang berprilaku buruk. Selain itu, ada anggapan bahwa nilai-nilai religi yang diangkat sinetron islami digunakan industri sebagai kedok untuk mengeruk keuntungan. Pada dasarnya, makalah ini berargumen bahwa fenomena “sinetron islami” merupakan salah satu bentuk manifestasi industri budaya dalam pertelevisian Indonesia, ditunjukkan dengan berlangsungnya proses komodifikasi, standardisasi, serta masifikasi.

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This paper examines the relationship between Adorno and Horkheimer’s (1972) thesis on Cultural Industries and the phenomenon of “islamic sinetron (Indonesian soap opera)” happening within Indonesian TV scene. The paper's analysis focuses on the case of 'Tukang Bubur Naik Haji The Series'. The sinetron, which is adapted from a Film Televisi (lit. Television-Movie, a specific genre of Indonesian TV program) of the same title which was famous in 2006, is one of many sinetrons that carry religious elements (which in this case is Islam) and is popular among the audience of the Indonesian TV scene. Its popularity is shown by the high rating and share that 'Tukang Bubur Naik Haji The Series' receives constantly every week. However, behind its fame, 'Tukang Bubur Naik Haji The Series' is criticised to show false reality. A religious leader with bad attitude, for instance. Moreover, some also think that the religious values carried by islamic sinetron are used by the industry as ways to gain profits. Essentially, this paper argues that the phenomenon of “islamic sinetron” is a manifestation of cultural industry within the Indonesian TV scene, specifically proved by the existence of commodification, standardization, and massification processes."