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"At a very young age children living in Jakarta use both Colloquial Jakarta Indonesia and Bahasa Indonesia. The children’s first and most used language is Colloquial Jakarta Indonesia. In the formal school setting Bahasa Indonesia is frequently used and stimulated on a daily basis, and the learning process of Bahasa Indonesia is accelerated. The question addressed in this article is: how do these children choose from their repertoire of language varieties at this stage of language development? In our study 63 children (aged three to five), were interviewed in a formal and an informal situation in three playgroups and kindergartens. This study shows that even in the preschool setting, young children are already developing their sociolinguistic competence, knowing when to choose which language variety."

"ABSTRAKThis study deals with the acquisition of Indonesian varieties used in Jakarta? the standard variety of Indonesian, the Bahasa Indonesia (BI) and the non-standard one, the Colloquial Jakarta Indonesian (CJI) ? by children of middle class families. Many today?s Jakarta Indonesian children learn Indonesian as their first language in informal settings, and generally they learn the informal variety first, namely Colloquial Jakarta Indonesian (CJI) (see also Wouk 1989, 1999). Yet, at very early age, before formal schooling, they are also confronted with the formal variety of Indonesian, the Bahasa Indonesia (BI) as they learned from children program in television or story-telling by parents. Children are also encouraged to speak BI as a means of politeness.The focus in this study is on factors that influence choice of the language variety, capability of style-shifting, and morphological variation. The main research questions concern the following."

"Karya sastra, baik yang berupa cerita pendek, cerita bersambung, novel atau lainnya, berkaitan erat dengan kehidupan manusia. Demikian juga dengan roman De Grote Zaal, yang sarat mengisahkan berbagai kenyataan yang dihadapi manusia dalam mengarungi kehidupan ini. Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk memperlihatkan tema yang terkandung dalam buku De Grote Zaal. Penelitian tersebut menggunakan teori struktural, yaitu suatu teori yang bertolak dari keyakinan adanya elemen-elemen cerita yang saling terkait. Pada akhir penelitian saya dapat menyimpulkan tema buku De Grote Zaa1 yang memperlihatkan keterbatasan manusia dalam menghadapi berbagai kenyataan yang mutlak ada dalam hidup, yaitu kenyataan menjadi tua, kehadiran sesama, dan kematian."

"Tuturan atau ujaran yang berisikan kesantunan digunakan untuk menciptakan komunikasi yang baik dan harmonis. Dalam penelitian ini penulis membahas prinsip kesantunan yang ditulis oleh Geoffrey Leech. Menurut Leech prinsip kesantunan dibagi menjadi 6 jenis maksim yaitu; maksim kebijaksanaan, maksim kedermawanan, maksim pujian, maksim kerendahan hati, maksim kesepakatan dan maksim simpati. Metode penulisan yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah metode kualitatif yang bersifat deskriptif melalui pengumpulan data. Objek yang digunakan pada penelitian ini berupa film yang berjudul Hoe Duur Was De Suiker karya Jean Van De Velde. Di dalam film ini telah ditemukan Kesantunan maksim yang berjumlah total 74 tuturan yang terdiri dari 6 maksim yakni maksim kebijaksanaan terdapat 37 tuturan, maksim kedermawanan terdapat 5 tuturan, maksim pujian terdapat 11 tuturan, maksim kerendahan hati terdapat 2 tuturan, maksim kesepakatan terdapat 7 tuturan dan maksim simpati ada 12 tuturan.

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Speech or utterances that contain politeness are used to create good and harmonious communication. According to Geoffrey Leech there is a principle of politeness which is divided into 6 maxims; the tact maxim, the generosity maxim, the approbation maxim, the modesty maxim, the agreement maxim and the sympathy maxim. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative method. The object used in this research is a film entitled Hoe Duur Was De Suiker by Jean Van De Velde. The politeness maxims that have been found in a total of 74 utterances have complied with 6 maxims. In the tact maxim there are 37 utterances, the generosity maxim there are 5 utterances, the approbation maxim there are 11 utterances, the modesty maxim there are 2 utterances, the maxim of agreement there are 7 utterances and the maxim of sympathy there are 12 utterances."

"Teaching Indonesian in formal schools today is regarded as a challenge by many Indonesian teachers. In a country like Indonesia, in which language situation is very complex due to many languages and dialects (and also the fast-growing English usage in big cities), this phenomenon can be understood. Since the country?s independence, there have been several curricula?one of them is Kurikulum Berbasis Kompetensi (competence-based curriculum), the newest being Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (Unit Level of Education-Based Curriculum). The latter seems to be regarded as the most ideal curriculum, because it can be adjusted to the regions? policy. The problems are that there are still Ujian Nasional (national examination) and that the ?readability? of the curriculum is still a big question for many teachers. This paper is focused on the elementary school teacher?s strategies on applying the curriculum. This paper also discusses the curriculum, some principles on language learning, and the emergence of literary matters."