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"This study explores managerial behavioral responses associated with performance measurementsystem. Design of performance measurement system is investigated financial and non-financialmeasures related to the four perspectives of Balanced Scorecard (BSC). This paper examineswhether a role conflict and procedural fairness affect the relationship between performance measureand managerial performance. Based on a sample of 67 managers of regional Bank in Pekanbaru,the results from a structural model tested using Partial Least Squares indicate a relationshipbetween performance measurement system and managerial performance is mediated by a role ofconflict. However, this study not supported that procedural fairness mediated relationship betweenperformance measurement system and managerial performance. These results may have importanttheoretical and practical implications.AbstrakPenelitian ini mengamati respon perilaku manajerial dihubungkan dengan sistem pengukurankinerja. Desain sistem pengukuran kinerja yang diselidiki adalah pengukuran keuangan dan nonkeuangan yang berhubungan dengan empat perspektif dari Balanced Scorecard (BSC). Penelitian inimenguji apakah konflik peran dan keadilan prosedural memengaruhi hubungan antara pengukurankinerja dan kinerja manajerial. Berdasarkan sampel dari 67 manajer pada Bank regional di KotaPekanbaru, hasil pengujian model struktural menggunakan Partial Least Square menunjukkanbahwa konflik peran memediasi hubungan sistem pengukuran kinerja dengan kinerja manajerial.Namun, penelitian ini tidak dapat membuktikan bahwa keadilan prosedural memediasi hubungansistem pengukuran kinerja dengan kinerja manajerial. Hasil penelitian ini memiliki implikasi teoridan praktik yang penting."

"ABSTRAKBalanced Scorecard (BSC) adalah suatu metode pengukuran kinerja yang terintegrasi baik dari aspek keuangan dan non keuangan yang dapat memberikan umpan balik kepada perusahaan. Sebelum merancang BSC, maka perusahaan harus mendefinisikan dahulu visi dan misinya untuk menentukan arah yang dituju oleh perusahaan. Kemudian visi dan misi ini dijabarkan menjadi tujuan dan ukuran scorecard. Tujuan dan ukuran ini memandang kinerja perusahaan dari 4 perspektif yaitu: keuangan, pelanggan, proses bisnis internal, serta pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan. Tujuan BSC adalah untuk memberikan ukuran terhadap kinerja perusahaan, karenanya dibuat sebuah matrik tolak ukur kinerja yang terdiri dari lag indicator sebagai ukuran hasil dari pengukuran kinerja perusahaan. Perancangan BSC, PT. Fokus Bina Relasi dimulai dari penerjemahan visi dan misi perusahaan ke dalam tujuan - tujuan strategis perspektif keuangan (meningkatkan pengembalian investasi, keuntungan, asset turnover) ; perspektif pelanggan (meningkatkan pangsa pasar, kepuasan pelanggan) ; perspektif proses bisnis internal (meningkatkan ketepatan waktu prayek, pengendalian biaya proyek, dan pengendalian beban usaha) ; perspektif pembelajaran dan pertumbuhan (meningkatkan keahlian dan ketrampilan karyawan, kepuasan karyawan). Kemudian menentukan inisiatif strategis yang akan dilakukan dan membuat model BSC PT Fokus Bina Relasi. Perancangan BSC yang telah dibuat, digunakan sebagai kerangka untuk membantu pengukuran kinerja PT Fokus Bina Relasi pada tahun 2005. Hasil perhitungan rnenunjukkan bahwa perusahaan mempunyai permasalahan dalam mendapatkan profit margin yang lebih baik, hal ini disebabkan proses bisnis internal perusahaan. Hal ini dapat dilihat dari laporan BSC tahun 2005, hasil perhitungan aplikasi sederhana BSC, tidak ada satupun lag indicator yang memperoleh hasil seperti apa yang telah ditargetkan sebelumnya.

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ABSTRAK

Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is a method to measure the performance which is well integrated from financial aspect and non financial that also gives feed back for its strategic planning. Before designing BSC, the company must define the vision and mission for determine the direction which is pointed by company. Then vision and mission will be translated into objective and scorecard measure. This objective and measurement will measuring the company performance from 4 perspectives: financial, customer, internal business process, learning and growth. BSC aim is to give measurement of the company performance, therefore is made as a metric of measurement of the company performance, which divide in lag indicator as the outcome measurement. The Balance Scorecard design of PT. Fokus Bina Relasi was began by interpreting the company's vision and mission into the strategic goal of the financial perspective (increase return on investment, profit, and asset turnover) ; costumer perspective (increase market share, customer satisfied) ; internal business process (increase projects time, control project expenditure, control company expenditure) ; learning and growth (increase skill and expertise to employee, employee satisfied). Afterwards, decide what the initiative strategic must be done and make a Balance Scorecard model for PT Fokus Bina Relasi. The Design of BSC which has already made, is used as framework to measuring performance of PT Fokus Bina Relasi at year 2005. The result tell the company have problem to get better profit margin because its internal business process. We can see it in BSC report 2005, from simple application that had made, there's no lag indicator in PT Fokus Bina Relasi's internal business process has achieve what had been targets by company."

"This study aims to analyze mediation role of cultural institutional element on the influence of societal values on the disclosure of Islamic values. The cultural institutional elements analyzed are legal system, capital market development, and human development. This research covers 102 Islamic banks for the data of 2010 to 2012 around the world. The study finds that capital market development is the only element that has mediation role on the influence of culture on the disclosure of Islamic values. The capital market development has a partial mediation role on the influence of humane orientation on the disclosure of Islamic values and does not have mediation role on the influence of other cultural dimension (social orientation, power distance, and uncertainty avoidance). The capital market development has direct influence rather than mediation role on the disclosure of Islamic values. Meanwhile, the study cannot prove that the other two elements have mediation role in the influence of culture on the disclosure of Islamic values.

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Studi ini bertujuan menganalisis peran mediasi elemen institusional budaya pada hubungan budaya dan pengungkapan nilai Islam. Elemen institusional budaya yang diuji pada penelitian ini adalah sistem hukum, perkembangan pasar modal, dan perkembangan masyarakat. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel yang terdiri dari 102 bank Islam untuk data tahun 2010-2012 dari 20 negara. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa hanya elemen perkembangan pasar modal yang memediasi hubungan budaya dan pengungkapan nilai Islam. Perkembangan pasar modal ditemukan secara parsial memediasi pengaruh dimensi budaya humane orientation terhadap tingkat pengungkapan nilai Islam secara parsial dan tidak memediasi pengaruh dimensi budaya lainnya (social orientation, power distance, dan uncertainty avoidance). Elemen perkembangan pasar modal lebih berperan secara langsung terhadap pengungkapan nilai Islam pada bank Islam. Sementara itu, kedua elemen institusional budaya lainnya ditemukan tidak berpengaruh terhadap pengungkapan nilai Islam."

"Desakan globalisasi memaksa semua perusahaan untuk mengendalikan sumber daya yang ada di perusahaan (terutama sumber daya manusia) seefisien mungkin. Salah satu alat yang dapat membantu mengendalikan sumber daya manusia adalah sistem pengukuran kinerja manajer. Karya tulis ini bertujuan untuk mengusulkan sistem pengukuran kinerja manajer yang selaras dengan tujuan perusahaan. Dengan sistem pengukuran kinerja manajer ini diharapkan semua sumber daya manusia yang ada di perusahaan akan termotivasi untuk membantu mencapai tujuan perusahaan. Pengukuran kinerja manajer tradisional yang berdasar atas data akuntansi dirasakan tidak cocok lagi dengan yang dihadapi perusahaan saat ini. Saat ini perhatian perusahaan terfokus pada masalah kualitas, pengiriman yang tepat waktu, waktu proses produksi dan fleksibilitas. Semua hal ini bersifat non-finansial, oleh karena itu pengukuran kinerja manajer-pun diarahkan ke hal-hal yang bersifat non-finansial seperti halhal di atas. Dalam karya tulis ini, penulis mengetengahkan suatu sistem pengukuran kinerja yang baru yang dikenal dengan nama Economic Value Added. Pendekatan ini memperhitungkan secara adil harapan pemilik modal. Manajer yang mengolah dana dari pemilik modal harus dapat menciptakan nilal tambah melebihi biaya atas modal. Semakin besar nilai tambah yang dapat diciptakan oleh seorang manajer, dapat dikatakan semakin balk kinerja manajer itu. Karya tulis ini hanya bersifat teoritis, dan penulis hanya melakukan studi kepustakaan, sehingga dalam pengaplikasiannya mungkin harus disesuaikan dengan keadaan lingkungan perusahaan."

"Tujuan penelitian ini melakukan pengujian secara empiris dan menganalisa pengaruh ukuran keuangan dan non keuangan terhadap kinerja manajerial dengan menggunakan role of clarity sebagai intervening variable. Sampel penelitian dipilih menggunakan metode purposive sampling dengan responden pejabat eselon 3 dan 4 di lingkungan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah di Propinsi Jawa Barat. Sampel terpilih terdiri dari 4 RSUD pada 3 kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat yaitu Kota Cirebon, Kabupaten Cirebon dan Kabupaten Kuningan. Metode analisis data menggunakan Structural Equation Modeling SEM dengan menggunakan software Lisrell 8.8 Full Version. Model ini digunakan untuk menguji data primer berupa pengolahan kuesioner dengan responden 70 orang. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ukuran keuangan dan non keuangan berpengaruh positif terhadap role of clarity dan role of clarity berpengaruh positif terhadap kinerja manajerial. Penelitian ini juga membuktikan role of clarity berperan sebagai intervening variable antara hubungan ukuran keuangan terhadap kinerja manajerial serta hubungan ukuran non keuangan terhadap kinerja manajerial.

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The purpose of this study is to empirically test and analyzes the influence of the financial and non financial measures of managerial performance using role of clarity as intervening variable. The samples were selected using purposive sampling method using the respondence of eselon 3 and 4 officials within the Regional General Hospital in West Java. Selected sample consists of four hospitals in three districts in West Java namely Cirebon and Kuningan. Methods of data analysis using Structural Equation Modeling SEM with software applications Lisrell 8.8 Full Version. This model was used to test the primary data processing in the form of questionnaires with respondents of 70 people. The results of the study proves that financial and nonfinancial measures have positive influence on the role of clarity as well as the role of clarity positive effect on managerial performance. The study also proves that the role of clarity as an intervening variable relationship between the financial to managerial performance and nonfinancial measures to managerial performance."

"Auditors have a role to provide assurance to the fairness of financial statements. In order to providethe assurance to users of financial statements, auditors must maintain their performance. Someresearches in behavioral accounting which examined auditors’ performance had been done butstill bore inconsistent results. Therefore, the purpose of this study are: (1) to examine the influenceof locus of control and organizational commitment to auditors’ performance, and (2) to examinewhether auditors’ expertise and turnover intention mediate the influence of locus of control andorganizational commitment on auditors’ performance. The samples of this study were auditors whoworked at audit firms in Semarang. The samples in this study were selected using the purposivesampling method. The data were analyzed using SEM with AMOS program. This study found that:(1) the locus of control had a negative influence to the auditors’ performance, (2) the organizationalcommitment had a positive influence to the auditors’ performance, (3) the auditors’ expertise had noinfluence to the auditors’ performance, (4) the turnover intention had no influence to the auditors’performance, (5) the locus of control had a negative influence to the auditors’ expertise, and (6)the organizational commitment had a negative influence to the turnover intention. This study hadsome implications to the public accounting firm. With the proven fact of the influence of the externallocus of control and the organization’s commitment to the auditors’ performances, it is therefore, themanagers of public accounting firm (partner) should give some trainings to the auditors who had theexternal locus of control so that they can achieve the standardized performances underlined by theinstitutions. The manager of public accounting firm should always confirm the values of the companyto the auditor to increase emotional attachment to the company. Finally, they should also always tryto comply to the demands of the company thus its performance will be in accordance with company’sexpectations.Auditor memiliki peran untuk memberikan keyakinan atas kewajaran laporan keuangan. Agar dapatmemberikan jaminan kepada pengguna laporan keuangan, auditor harus selalu menjaga kinerjanya.Beberapa penelitian tentang akuntansi keperilakuan yang meneliti tentang kinerja auditor telahdilakukan, tetapi masih menunjukkan hasil yang tidak konsisten. Berdasarkan pada kenyataantersebut, maka tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) menguji pengaruh locus of controldan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja auditor, serta (2) menguji apakah keahlian auditor danturnover intention mampu memediasi pengaruh locus of control dan komitmen organisasi terhadapkinerja auditor. Sampel dalam penelitian ini adalah auditor yang bekerja di KAP yang tersebar diSemarang. Pengambilan sampel dalam penelitian menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Teknikanalisis data menggunakan SEM dengan program AMOS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1)locus of control berpengaruh negatif terhadap kinerja auditor, (2) komitmen organisasi berpengaruhpositif terhadap kinerja auditor, (3) keahlian auditor tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor,(4) turnover intention tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja auditor, (5) locus of control berpengaruhnegatif terhadap keahlian auditor, dan (6) komitmen organisasi berpengaruh negatif terhadap turnoverintention. Penelitian ini memiliki implikasi terhadap kantor akuntan publik. Dengan terbuktinyapengaruh locus of control eksternal dan komitmen organisasi terhadap kinerja auditor, maka manajerkantor akuntan publik (partner) hendaknya memberikan pelatihan terhadap auditor yang memilikilocus of control eksternal sehingga mereka dapat mencapai kinerja yang ditetapkan perusahaan.Manajer kantor akuntan publik hendaknya juga selalu menanamkan nilai-nilai perusahaan agarauditor semakin memiliki keterikatan secara emosional terhadap perusahaan. Akhirnya, merekaselalu berusaha melakukan pekerjaan sesuai dengan tuntutan perusahaan sehingga kinerjanya sesuaidengan harapan perusahaan."

"This study provides evidence on the role of accounting conservatism in debt contracting. I hypothesize that (I) there is positive association between conflicts of bondholders-shareholders over dividend policy and the use of conservative accounting (ii) there is positive association between bond ratings and the use of conservative accounting. Conflicts of bondholders-shareholders arise because of default risk in that the firm cannot pay at maturity because of having not enough net assets and this unavailability of enough net assets is caused by dividend overpayment to shareholders. The alternative solution to prevent dividend overpayment is to consistently use the conservative accounting. The conservative accounting affects earnings in that it leads to conservative earnings and reduces the possibility of earnings management by the firm. The second hypothesis which investigates the association between bonds rating and the level of conservatism based on theory that the lower the firm's default risk, the higher the bonds rating. The firms with conservative, accounting is expected to have lower default risk in that conservatism prevent dividend overpayment which cause the firm's net asset is not enough to pay at maturity. The first model result supports the hypothesis that there is positive association between conflicts of bondholders-shareholders and the use of conservative accounting. For the second model, the result does not support the hypothesis that there is a positive association between the bonds rating and the use of conservative accounting. The association between conflicts and conservative accounting provides evidence on the role of accounting conservatism in facing conflicts over dividend policy"

"Penyusunan skripsi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sistem pengukuran kinerja saat ini, analisis implementasi balanced scorecard dan analisis indikator kinerja di Sekretariat Jenderal Kementerian Perdagangan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Hasil analisis menyimpulkan bahwa Sekretariat Jenderal memiliki dua alat ukur kinerja yaitu LAKIP dan balanced scorecard dimana keduanya menghasilkan output yang sama. Balanced scorecard memiliki keunggulan karena dapat memberikan gambaran kinerja setiap empat bulan. Implementasi balanced scorecard di Sekretariat Jenderal sudah baik namun masih ditemukan indikator kinerja yang tidak tepat atau penetapan target yang terlalu rendah. Berdasarkan pemahaman dan pengetahuan yang dimiliki, penulis berusaha memberikan saran-saran guna memperbaiki kelemahan-kelemahan atas implementasi balanced scorecard tersebut.

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The aim of the paper is to discover the performance measurement system at this moment in time, balanced scorecard analysis implementation and performance indicator at the Secretariat General of Ministry of Trade. The research applied the qualitative methodology using case study approach. The analysis result concludes that the Secretariat General has two means of performance measurement systems, which are LAKIP and balanced scorecard, where both systems produce the same output. Balanced scorecard has the superiority for it's ability to provide the report every four months. The balanced scorecard implementation at the Secretariat General has been well performed but there are still several performance indicator that are not appropriate or the target is too low. Based on the writer's understanding and knowledge, the writer tries to provide some suggestions to overcome the shortcomings on the balanced scorecard implementation."

"The purpose of this study was to examine the association between technical, organizational, individualcharacteristics of local government officials factors and the implementation of performance measurementsystems (PMS) in local government. The study was conducted in territory of local government of YogyakartaSpecial Region (DIY). The samples are local government officials in Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah(SKPD) who are directly involved in the implementation of the Performance Accountability System forGovernment Entity (SAKIP) and reporting Performance Accountability Reports for Government Entity(LAKIP). The results found the factors that positively and significantly associated with implementation ofa PMS were organizational factors, namely: training and organization?s response are open to change, andthe individual characteristics factors, namely: high self-efficacy and conscientiousness trait.AbstrakTujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menguji hubungan antara faktor teknis, organisasional, karakteristikindividu pegawai pemda dan implementasi sistem pengukuran kinerja di tingkat pemerintah daerah.Penelitian dilakukan di lingkup pemerintah daerah Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Sampel penelitianadalah pegawai pemerintah daerah di Satuan Kerja Perangkat Daerah (SKPD) yang secara langsung terlibatdalam pelaksanaan Sistem Akuntabilitas Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (SAKIP) dan pelaporan LaporanAkuntabilitas dan Kinerja Instansi Pemerintah (LAKIP). Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa faktor?faktoryang berhubungan secara positif dan signifikan terhadap implementasi sistem pengukuran kinerja adalahfaktor organisasional, yakni: pelatihan dan respon organisasi yang terbuka terhadap perubahan, dan faktorkarakteristik individu, yakni: self efficacy yang tinggi dan sifat conscientiousness."

"Managers manage their earnings because they want to influence the investors perception about firm s performance, subsequently the firms could extract low cost exsternal fund. Managers have incentive to practice income-increasing earnings management before they make initial public offerings (1PO) in order to get high offering price. However, these practice could decrease the opportunity of managers to manage their earnings in the future periods. If earnings management before public offering cause investors to be over optimistic about future earnings, investors will be disappointed with firm s performance after IPO and the firm value tend to decrease in the periods after the IPO. This study investigates the effect of earnings management on the firm's value and performance in the periods before and after the initial public offering.Results of (his study show that managers practice income-increasing earnings management before their initial public offerings. Earnings management have positive impact on firm value in the initial public offering period, but this has negative impact in the periods after IPO. Firms 'values in the end of IPO are lower than firms 'values in the IPO period. Firms' performances in the years after the initial public offering were higher than firms 'performances in the year of IPO, but the average of return of asset decreases in the periods after IPO."