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"With the Lisbon Treaty in place and the European Union increasingly involved in international crisis management and stabilization operations in places near and far, this volume revisits the trajectory of a European strategic culture. Specifically, it studies the usefulness of its application in a variety of circumstances, including the EU's operations in Africa and the Balkans as well as joint operations with NATO and the United Nations. The contributors find that strategic culture is a useful tool to explain and understand the EU's civilian and military operations, not in the"

"Aspek utama dari pendekatan baru dalam proses penyatuan Eropa adalah Peace support Operations. Tulisan ini dimaksudkan untuk menyampaikan suatu doktrin baru yang didasarkan kemerdekaan individu dari ketidakamanan mendasar (basic insecurities) yang disebabkan oleh pelanggaran hak asasi manusia (HAM). Doktrin tentang keamanan manusia dapat menjadi suatu feasible strategy bagi Uni Eropa, khususnya dalam pengembangan kebijakan luar negeri dan pertahan . Doktrin yang menggunakan pendekatan yang menyeluruh (comprehensive approach) ini pada akhirnya juga akan sangat bermanfaat bagi segala bentuk keterlibatan Uni eropa yang lebih mendalam pada krisis dan konflik yang terjadi di berbagai belahan dunia."

"This article attempts to identify and asses the weaknesses of the CFSP that have been inherently implicated in substantive and institutional limitations. Critical analysis on this particular issue becomes increasingly important, since the discourse on the CFSP in Indonesia is not well developed in the way that the very nature of the CFSP and its complexities are not properly understood. Having said that this article is particularly aimed at contributing to the development of the discourse on the CFSP in Indonesia. In analyzing this issue,it confines itself to the theoretical views assumed by realists because they would appropriately divulge and address the weaknesses of the CFSP. It also argues that the EU member states, despite their apparent enthusiasm for developing a truly CFSP, are reluctant to fully give up their national sovereignty over foreign and security policy. Since the CFSP can be only seen as reflection of the interests or EU Member States,it is very difficult to put any limits on the foreign policy initiatives of the member states, to shape their interests or bring them to stick to the common framework .In conclusion,this article suggests that all of these weaknesses are the underlying causes of the incapability of the EU to match today's global challenge."

"ABSTRAKIndonesia adalah negara kepulauan terbesar di dunia yang memiliki 16.056 pulau terdaftar dengan luas wilayah laut mencapai 5.9 juta km2. Letaknya yang strategis ditandai dari hadirnya beberapa titik sumbat perdagangan dunia di wilayah Indonesia, yakni Selat Malaka, Selat Sunda, dan Selat Lombok. Dimana kini, sekitar 2/3 perdagangan minyak dunia dan lebih dari setengah total pelayaran kapal container dengan nilai 5.4 trilyun USD melewati jalur Selat Malaka untuk menuju ke Laut Tiongkok Selatan. Namun demikian, Indonesia seakan abai terhadap nilai strategis wilayah maritimnya dengan berbagai kebijakan yang disebut Prof. Geoffrey Till sebagai sea blindness. Salah satu yang terlihat adalah dari kebijakan postur pertahanan Indonesia yang dijalankan dengan mengadopsi sistem pertahanan territorial. Pemahaman mendasar ini diperlukan guna membenahi dan menata ulang sistem pertahanan Indonesia yang sesuai dengan realitas letak geografis Indonesia, sebagai Poros Maritim Dunia."

"Tesis ini berupaya mengetahui mengapa AS dan Uni Eropa mengalami kesulitan untuk melakukan kerja sama di bidang kontra-teror. Tesis ini kemudian berusaha melihat bagaimana suatu aktor keamanan menyusun strategi kontra-terornya melalui kacamata budaya strategis dan bagaimana budaya strategis yang tidak kompatibel di antara dua aktor keamanan ini akan menyulitkan mereka untuk bekerja sama. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif. Hasil penelitian ini adalah hanya ketika kedua aktor keamanan sama-sama merasa terancam identitasnya atau ketika kedua aktor keamanan sama-sama tak terancam identitasnya, maka mereka baru bisa melakukan kerja sama kontra-teror dengan lebih mulus.

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The purpose of this thesis is to explain why the US and European Union have difficulties to build cooperation in counter-terrorism. This thesis then tries to comprehend how a security actor builds its counter-terrorism strategy using strategic culture's point of view and how strategic culture incompatibility would complicate these two security actors for cooperating in counter-terrorism. This research is using qualitative method and suggests that only when both security actors perceive their identity is under threat or only when both security actors don't perceive their identity is under threat, then they can cooperate in counterterrorism more easily."

"Keputusan Australia untuk membentuk kerjasama pertahanan AUKUS telah menimbulkan kontroversi di antara negara-negara di kawasan, mengingat naiknya tensi diskursus Indo-Pasifik belakangan ini. Namun, AUKUS bukanlah sekadar aliansi pertahanan untuk menghadapi kekuatan revisionis, AUKUS memiliki signifikansi yang lebih dalam dan besar bagi arah kebijakan pertahanan Australia. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan alasan keputusan Australia menandatangani kebijakan pertahanan AUKUS dan pengadaan kapal selam bertenaga nuklir secara mendadak. Artikel ini berargumen bahwa AUKUS merefleksikan dilema budaya startejik dalam kebijakan pertahanan Australia dihadapkan pada perubahan lingkungan strategis di Indo-Pasifik. Secara strategis, AUKUS membuka peluang bagi Australia untuk terlibat dalam membentuk diskursus Indo-Pasifik serta menjadi wadah untuk mempercepat transfer teknologi di sektor pertahanan. Secara operasional, pengadaan kapal selam bertenaga nuklir di AUKUS akan meningkatkan kemampuan armada bawah air Australia pada misi sea denial dan sea control dalam operasi gabungan. Dengan menggunakan kacamata budaya stratejik, analisis studi kualitatif dari sumber literatur primer dan sekunder ini menyimpulkan bahwa AUKUS memanandakan kembalinya dan menguatnya pola ketergantungan stratejik pada kebijakan pertahanan Australia di era Indo-Pasifik

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Australia’s decision to enter the AUKUS has caused controversies among regional powers, especially noting the heightened Indo-Pacific discourse lately. But AUKUS isn’t a mere alliance against revisionist power, it has much deeper and greater significance on Australia’s defence policies. The aim of this research is to explain why Australia decided to join AUKUS and to procure nuclear-powered submarine in such a hasty manner. This paper argues that AUKUS reflect the dilemmatic sub-strategic cultures within Australia’s defence policy considerations against the changing strategic environment in Indo-Pacific, the self-reliance and strategic dependence. Strategically, AUKUS presented Australia the opportunity to participate and shaping the Indo-Pacific under US-led initiative and act as technology catalysator on defence sector. Operationally, the nuclear-powered procurement under AUKUS will significantly boost Australia’s submarine fleet capability in sea denial and sea control mission as a part of larger coalition. Using strategic culture lens and studying primary and secondary documents in a qualitative work, the analysis of this paper concludes that AUKUS reflected the return and reinforced pattern of strategic dependence within Australia’s defence policy in the age of Indo-Pacific."

"This article seeks to examine the shift in Japanese security policy and potential shift inantimilitaristic strategic culture. Based on the rational proposition that despite the continuouschange, Japan has never changed its strategic culture because of continuous debate in domesticpolitics arena which plays vital role in shaping Japans perceptions and security policy. Thechanging security practices are thus seen as a logical response to the current international security dynamics. Therefore, within this period of time remain, it would be unlikely that ShinzoAbes government would achieved its goal of reforming the constitution in terms of security policy."