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"[ABSTRAKRangkaian konflik komunal yang terjadi pada tahun 1998 hingga 2001kemudian berlanjut menjadi aksi teror menimbulkan pertanyaan besar sejumlahkalangan Salah satunya adalah mempertanyakan apakah intelijen kepolisiangagal berperan sebagai alat negara dalam mendeteksi mengantisipasi danmemberikan infomasi penting terkait kerusuhan yang terjadi di wilayah Poso Akhirnya dalam kurun waktu lebih dari dua tahun 2005 2007 sebagian besarpelaku teror yang beroperasi di pulau Sulawesi pada umumnya dan di kota Posopada khususnya berhasil dibongkar dan diungkap intelijen Polri Pengungkapanini memunculkan pertanyaan bagaimana intelijen kepolisian berhasilmengungkap jaringan tersebut Penelitian ini mengunakan pendekatan kualitatif Metode in depthinterview digunakan untuk pengumpulan data penelitian Informan sebagai narasumber penelitian ini merupakan anggota kepolisian yang pernah bertugas dalamoperasi kepolisian di Poso selama konflik dan teror Poso tahun 1998 2007 Informan lainya adalah pelaku teror serta tokoh masyarakat Poso Untukmenjawab pertanyaaan penelitian digunakan teknik analisa timeline fishbone danwildcard analysis Untuk menganalisa kegagalan inteljen tersebut penulis mengunakananalisa kegagalan intelijen dengan pendekatan teori Thomas Copeland Sedangkanuntuk analisa keberhasilan intelijen digunakan antithesis dari teori kegagalanThomas Copeland Dalam penelitian ini penulis akhirnya menemukan sejumlahvariabel kegagalan maupun keberhasilan intelijen Polri sesuai dengan penjelasanThomas Copeland pada sisi Kebijakan dan Kepemimpinan Organisasi AnalisisIntelijen dan Persepsi Informasi Ancaman

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ABSTRACTThe series of communal conflict that occurred in 1998 and 2001 andcontinued into terror raise a big question One is the question whether the policefailed to act as an intelligence tool in detecting state anticipating and providingimportant information related to the riots in Poso Finally in a period of more thantwo years 2005 2007 most of the terrorists who operated on Sulawesi in generaland in the town of Poso in particular had been uncovered and revealed by Policeintelligence This disclosure raises the question of how police intelligenceuncovered the network This research uses a qualitative approach In depth interview method isused for research data collection Informants as a resource of this research are amember of the police who had served in the police operation in Poso during theconflict and terror Poso in 1998 2007 Other informants are terrorists andcommunity leaders in Poso To answer the research questions this research usestimeline fishbone and wildcard analysis techniques To analyze the intelligence failure the author uses the theory of ThomasCopeland about intelligence failure Antithesis of the theory of Thomas Copelandis used to analyze the intelligence success In this research the authors finallydiscover number of variables intelligence failures and successes in accordancewith the explanation Thomas Copeland on the Policy and Leadership Organization Intelligence Analysis and Perception of Threat Information ;The series of communal conflict that occurred in 1998 and 2001 andcontinued into terror raise a big question One is the question whether the policefailed to act as an intelligence tool in detecting state anticipating and providingimportant information related to the riots in Poso Finally in a period of more thantwo years 2005 2007 most of the terrorists who operated on Sulawesi in generaland in the town of Poso in particular had been uncovered and revealed by Policeintelligence This disclosure raises the question of how police intelligenceuncovered the network This research uses a qualitative approach In depth interview method isused for research data collection Informants as a resource of this research are amember of the police who had served in the police operation in Poso during theconflict and terror Poso in 1998 2007 Other informants are terrorists andcommunity leaders in Poso To answer the research questions this research usestimeline fishbone and wildcard analysis techniques To analyze the intelligence failure the author uses the theory of ThomasCopeland about intelligence failure Antithesis of the theory of Thomas Copelandis used to analyze the intelligence success In this research the authors finallydiscover number of variables intelligence failures and successes in accordancewith the explanation Thomas Copeland on the Policy and Leadership Organization Intelligence Analysis and Perception of Threat Information ;The series of communal conflict that occurred in 1998 and 2001 andcontinued into terror raise a big question One is the question whether the policefailed to act as an intelligence tool in detecting state anticipating and providingimportant information related to the riots in Poso Finally in a period of more thantwo years 2005 2007 most of the terrorists who operated on Sulawesi in generaland in the town of Poso in particular had been uncovered and revealed by Policeintelligence This disclosure raises the question of how police intelligenceuncovered the network This research uses a qualitative approach In depth interview method isused for research data collection Informants as a resource of this research are amember of the police who had served in the police operation in Poso during theconflict and terror Poso in 1998 2007 Other informants are terrorists andcommunity leaders in Poso To answer the research questions this research usestimeline fishbone and wildcard analysis techniques To analyze the intelligence failure the author uses the theory of ThomasCopeland about intelligence failure Antithesis of the theory of Thomas Copelandis used to analyze the intelligence success In this research the authors finallydiscover number of variables intelligence failures and successes in accordancewith the explanation Thomas Copeland on the Policy and Leadership Organization Intelligence Analysis and Perception of Threat Information , The series of communal conflict that occurred in 1998 and 2001 andcontinued into terror raise a big question One is the question whether the policefailed to act as an intelligence tool in detecting state anticipating and providingimportant information related to the riots in Poso Finally in a period of more thantwo years 2005 2007 most of the terrorists who operated on Sulawesi in generaland in the town of Poso in particular had been uncovered and revealed by Policeintelligence This disclosure raises the question of how police intelligenceuncovered the network This research uses a qualitative approach In depth interview method isused for research data collection Informants as a resource of this research are amember of the police who had served in the police operation in Poso during theconflict and terror Poso in 1998 2007 Other informants are terrorists andcommunity leaders in Poso To answer the research questions this research usestimeline fishbone and wildcard analysis techniques To analyze the intelligence failure the author uses the theory of ThomasCopeland about intelligence failure Antithesis of the theory of Thomas Copelandis used to analyze the intelligence success In this research the authors finallydiscover number of variables intelligence failures and successes in accordancewith the explanation Thomas Copeland on the Policy and Leadership Organization Intelligence Analysis and Perception of Threat Information ]"

"Penelitian mengenai organisasi Al-Ittihadiyyah Al-Islamiyyah (AII) telah dilakukan di Sukabumi, Majalengka, Bandung dan Jakarta pada bulan April 1990-Desember 1990. Tujuannya adalah untuk mengungkapkan keberadaan organisasi ini di masa lalu sebagai suatu organisasi keagamaan (Islam) yang bercorak modern yang kemudian berfusi dengan organisasi yang serupa yaitu Persyarikatan Ulama Majalengka dan akhirnya keduanya menjadi organisasi Persatuan Umat Islam (PUI) hingga kini. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui studi kepustaka_an disertai penelitian lapangan berupa observasi dan wawancara. Wawancara mendalam dilakukan terhadap Owik Syarkowi, aktifis AII di Sukabumi; dengan Najmuddin Sanusi, putra K. H. Ahmad Sanusi dan S. Wanta, Pengurus Besar PUI di Majalengka. Pada hakekatnya hasil observasi, wawancara dan studi kepustakaan membuktikan bahwa organisasi AII yang didirikan oleh K.H. Ahmad Sanusi merupakan organisasi masa yang dalam paham keagamaan sangat berhasil mempertahankan paham tradisional; sedangkan dalam bidang pendidikan dan sosial menjadi gerakan pembaharuan yang dapat dikatakan serupa dengan gerakan Muhammadiyah. Dalam era pembaharuan Islam di Indonesia pada awal abad XX ini, AII merupakan satu-satunya wadah yang dapat diterima untuk mempersatukan umat Islam Priangan Barat, terutama Sukabumi."

"ABSTRAKKonflik horizontal di Poso Sulawesi Tengah yang terjadi dalam kurunwaktu 1998-2001 mengakibatkan perubahan tatanan sosial dalam masyarakatPoso. Penelitian ini ingin melihat proses-proses komunikasi antar budayamasyarakat Pamona dan Bugis pasca konflik khususnya manajemen konflik,proses facework dalam negosiasi wajah, identitas, stereotipe, prasangka danetnosentrisme serta aspek-aspek sosial, ekonomi dan budaya dalam interaksinya.Dengan paradigma interpretif, pendekatan kualitatif dan metoda etnografi dimanapeneliti terjun langsung dan tinggal bersama-sama masyarakat Poso di beberapadaerah. Pada proses negosiasi dan rekonsiliasi konflik jika dilihat menggunakanface negotiation theory maka kedua komunitas cenderung bersifat kolektivistikdan menyelesaikan konflik dengan menjaga ‘wajah’ kelompok lainnya. Gayapenyelesaian konflik antar kedua komunitas cenderung sebagian menggunakancompromising style, pasca konflik justru negosiasi yang banyak digunakan adalahavoiding style. Stereotipe, Prasangka dan Etnosentrisme yang berkembang darimasing-masing kelompok dapat menjadi hambatan dalam proses-proseskomunikasi antar budaya serta kerentanan dan kerawanan akan potensi konflikberikutnya.

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ABSTRACTHorizontal conflicts in Poso, Central Sulawesi, which occurred in the period1998-2001 resulted in changes in the social order in the society Poso. This studywanted to see the processes of intercultural communication between Pamonasociety and Bugis post-conflict especially conflict management, negotiationprocess in the face facework, identity, stereotypes, prejudice and ethnocentrism aswell as social aspects, economic and cultural interaction. Using interpretiveparadigm, qualitative approaches and of ethnography method, the researcherdirectly involved and lived together people of Poso in some areas. In thenegotiation process and conflict reconciliation when viewed using facenegotiation theory, the two communities tend to be collectivistic and resolveconflicts by keeping the 'face' of others. Style of conflict resolution between thetwo communities tend to mostly use the compromising style, post-conflictnegotiations are widely used it is avoiding style. Stereotypes, prejudice andethnocentrism that developed from each group can be a bottleneck in theprocesses of intercultural communication as well as the vulnerability andinsecurity will be the next potential conflict."

"Dr. Azahari adalah anggota Al-Jamaah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) sejak tahun 1993. Ia berperan sebagai perakit bom dan menjadi salah satu aktor intelektual peledakkan bom yang dilakukan Al-JI di Indonesia. Bom karya Dr. Azahari memiliki ciri khusus yang dikenal sebagai bom signature. Hal ini membuat pakar bom mudah mengidentifikasi dan mengenali bom buatannya. Dr. Azahari sempat mengajarkan beberapa anggota Al-JI, bahkan telah membukukan serta menyebarkan tentang cara membuat bom. Penelitian ini menggunakan Teori McClelland dan Teori Pilihan Rasional. Tujuan penelitian yaitu mengantisipasi ancaman-ancaman yang muncul berdasarkan kasus Dr. Azahari bersama Al-JI. Metode penelitian yaitu metode kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yakni studi literatur, wawancara, dan studi dokumen. Untuk memeriksa keabsahan data, peneliti menggunakan teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dr. Azahari menjadi pelaku teror karena menghadapi masalah dan pengaruh lingkungannya. Aksi teror yang melibatkan Dr. Azahari selalu menggunakan pilihan rasional dan dapat dikenali oleh aparat melalui modus operandi, salah satunya bom signature. Ciri khusus bom signature dianalisis melalui komponen dan rancangan bom. Selain itu, bom signature dibuat dari bahan-bahan baku yang mudah didapat dan bertujuan untuk mendapat pengakuan (Need of Achievement). Kasus Dr. Azahari membuktikan bahwa individu yang berpendidikan tinggi dapat terekrut kelompok teroris dan menghasilkan aksi teror yang berdampak signifikan. Hal-hal yang perlu diantisipasi karena menjadi bukti ancaman, yakni: radikalisasi atau perekrutan kelompok teroris dapat terjadi di lembaga Pendidikan dan lembaga keagamaan; perubahan sikap individu yang menarik diri dari keterlibatan sosial dan suka menyendiri; penyalagunaan fasilitas kampus untuk kegiatan terorisme; adanya bom sekunder pada aksi teror; penggunaan media online untuk kegiatan terorisme; kemudahan mendapatkan bahan-bahan yang dapat dijadikan bom.

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Dr. Azahari was a member of the Al-Jamaah Al-Islamiyah (Al-JI) since 1993 and was one of the intellectual actors of the bombings conducted by Al-JI in Indonesia. His role in the organization was as a bombmaker. Dr. Azaharis bombs had unique characteristics, which is known as a signature bomb. This allowed bomb experts to easily identify his work. Dr. Azahari once taught several Al-JI members, and even made a book on bombmaking and distributed it. The Motivation Theory by McClelland and the Rational Choice Theory will be used to explain and analyze the findings of this research. The findings were collected using a qualitative method through literature studies, interviews, and document studies, which were validated using the triangulation technique. This research discovered that Dr. Azahari became terrorist because he had to face several issues and was influenced by his environment. The terrorism acts that involved Dr. Azahari always used rational choices and were able to be recognized by the officers through his modus operandi, among others is the signature bomb. The unique characteristics of the signature bomb were analyzed through its components and design. Furthermore, the signature bomb was made from materials that were easy to obtain and was used to gain recognition (Need of Achievement). Dr. Azaharis case proves that high-educated individuals can still be recruited by terrorist groups and conduct significant terrorism act Other aspects that need to be anticipated because it could become a threat are: radicalization or recruitment of terrorist groups can occur in an educational or religious institution; the behavior change of an individual who withdraws him or herself from social environment and prefers to be alone; misuse of the universitys facilities for terrorism activities; the existence of a secondary bomb during a terrorism act; the use of online media for terrorism acts; the ease of obtaining materials for making bombs."

"[ABSTRAKTesis ini mendiskusikan tentang bagaimana perempuan agensi mengelola faktorfaktoryang bersifat struktural dan kultural yang mendukung dan menghambatkeagensiannya pada saat konflik dan pasca konflik. Studi sebelumnya telahmembuktikan bahwa dalam situasi konflik perempuan mampu memunculkankeagensiannya. Namun dari studi yang telah ada umumnya tidak membahassecara komprehensif bagaimana keagensian tersebut bekerja dan apa faktor-faktorstruktural dan kultural yang mendukung maupun yang menghambat keagensianperempuan saat dan pasca konflik.Tesis ini merupakan hasil penelitian kualitataif dengan mengambil studi kasus diKabupaten Poso Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Pemilihan Kabupaten Posodidasarkan pada pertimbangan bahwa Poso dikenal sebagai wilayah yang pernahmengalami konflik. Beberapa tahun terakhir situasi damai terjadi di Poso,berangsung-angsur masyarakat Poso termasuk perempuan mulai menatakehidupannya kembali. Gejala yang terjadi di Poso ini dinilai oleh peneliti dapatmengungkap permasalahan dan menjawab pertanyaan penelitian.Argumentasi penelitian ini adalah bahwa perempuan dalam situasi konflik satusisi dihadapkan persoalan yang sulit, namun, di sisi lain perempuan juga mampumenjadi agensi. Studi ini menggunakan ‘Analisis Archer membedakan Agen danStruktur dengan pendekatan Morphogenesis’. Analisis morphogenesis Archermenjelaskan bekerjanya ‘keagensian’ yang saling mempengaruhi dengan kultur(struktur) melalui tiga tahap, yaitu: (1) Structural conditioning, yang merujukpada struktur sebelumnya yang mengkondisikan namun tidak menentukan; (2)Social interaction, yang muncul dari tindakan yang berorientasi pada realitas dankebutuhan yang berasal dari agen dan mengarah pada dua hal; yakni (3) Structuralelaboration atau reproduction, yaitu sebuah perubahan dalam hubungan dalamsebuah sistem sosial. memungkinkan menghasilkan konfigurasi sosio-kultur yang memiliki sifatperubahan dari agen.Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa saat dan pasca konflik perubahankonfigurasi sosio-kultur yang terjadi adalah konfigurasi sosio-kultur yangmemiliki sifat perubahan dari agen primer (passive agents) menuju lebih banyaklagi kumpulan agen (active agents). Active agents yang dimaksud adalahkumpulan agen-agen yang terorganisir yang berusaha ke luar dari batas-batasstruktur dan sistem kultur serta sosio-kultur yang ada menuju ‘we’ bersama-samaberusaha untuk mengubah struktur yang ada tersebut atau dengan kata lainmentransformasikan dirinya untuk tujuan mencapai perubahan sosial yangtransformatif. Di dalam perubahan sosial yang transformatif sebagai hasil dariformasi siklus morphogenesis (morphogenetic cycles) maka peran baru akandiciptakan hingga terjadi posisi baru dimana akan lebih banyak lagi agen yangterlibat.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis discusses how women's agency manage structural and culturalfactors that enable and contrains agency during conflict and post-conflict.Previous studies have shown that in conflict situations women are able to emergedtheir agency. However, the existing studies generally do not discusscomprehensively how it works and what is the structural factors and cultural thatsupport or obstruct women agency during and after conflict.This thesis is the result of qualitative research on a case study in Poso,Central Sulawesi Province. Poso district election based on the consideration thatthe Poso region once known as a conflict area. The last few years the people ofposo have living in peace, Poso community gradually including women began toorganize their lives back. According to the researcher it is useful to examine thephenomenon that accurs in Poso to uncover problems and answer researchquestions.The argument of this study is women in conflict situations, encountereddifficult situation, but on the other hand women also capable of being the agency.This study uses ‘Archer’s analysis of Agen-Structure: the morphogeneticapproach’. The Archer’s analysis is explained the agency works interplay withculture (structure) through three stages: (1) Structural conditioning, which refersto the previous structure, but does not specify; (2) Social interaction, whichemergence from the actions oriented to the realities and needs and leads to twothings; are (3) Structural elaboration or reproduction, is a change in therelationship in a social system.At the stage of social interaction, agency works begins with theemergence of self-consciousness, then the emergence of personal identity andcontinued to the emergence of social identity. The third stage enables generatingsocio-cultural configurations which have the changing nature of the agent.The research findings showed socio-cultural configuration changes thatoccur during and post-conflict changing nature of the primary agent (passiveagents) into collection agents (active agents). Active agents are organized agent,that attempted to exit outside of the confines of existing structure and socioculturesystems and culture that exist towards 'we' and jointly try to change theexisting structure, or in other words to transform itself to achieve a transformativesocial change. In transformative social change as a resulted of the formation cycle of morphogenesis (morphogenetic cycles) then the new role will be created untilthere is a new position emerge and involving more agents., This thesis discusses how women's agency manage structural and culturalfactors that enable and contrains agency during conflict and post-conflict.Previous studies have shown that in conflict situations women are able to emergedtheir agency. However, the existing studies generally do not discusscomprehensively how it works and what is the structural factors and cultural thatsupport or obstruct women agency during and after conflict.This thesis is the result of qualitative research on a case study in Poso,Central Sulawesi Province. Poso district election based on the consideration thatthe Poso region once known as a conflict area. The last few years the people ofposo have living in peace, Poso community gradually including women began toorganize their lives back. According to the researcher it is useful to examine thephenomenon that accurs in Poso to uncover problems and answer researchquestions.The argument of this study is women in conflict situations, encountereddifficult situation, but on the other hand women also capable of being the agency.This study uses ‘Archer’s analysis of Agen-Structure: the morphogeneticapproach’. The Archer’s analysis is explained the agency works interplay withculture (structure) through three stages: (1) Structural conditioning, which refersto the previous structure, but does not specify; (2) Social interaction, whichemergence from the actions oriented to the realities and needs and leads to twothings; are (3) Structural elaboration or reproduction, is a change in therelationship in a social system.At the stage of social interaction, agency works begins with theemergence of self-consciousness, then the emergence of personal identity andcontinued to the emergence of social identity. The third stage enables generatingsocio-cultural configurations which have the changing nature of the agent.The research findings showed socio-cultural configuration changes thatoccur during and post-conflict changing nature of the primary agent (passiveagents) into collection agents (active agents). Active agents are organized agent,that attempted to exit outside of the confines of existing structure and socioculturesystems and culture that exist towards 'we' and jointly try to change theexisting structure, or in other words to transform itself to achieve a transformativesocial change. In transformative social change as a resulted of the formation cycle of morphogenesis (morphogenetic cycles) then the new role will be created untilthere is a new position emerge and involving more agents.]"