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"FinFET (Fin Field-EffectTransistor) technology has recently seen a major increase in adoptionfor use in integrated circuits because of its high immunity to short channeleffects and its further ability to scaledown. Previously, a major research contribution was made to reduce the leakage current in theconventional bulk devices. So many different alternatives like bulk isolation and oxide isolation are all having some pros andcons. Here in this paper, we present a novel pile gate FinFET structure toreduce the leakage current, as compared with Bulk FinFET without using any pstop implant orisolation oxide as in theSilicon-on-Insulator (SOI). The major advantage of this type ofstructure is that there is no need of high substrate doping, a 100% reduction in therandom dopant fluctuation (RDF) and an increase in the ION/IOFFvalue. It can be very useful to improve the drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) at smallertechnological nodes. All the work is supported by 3D TCAD simulations, using Cogenda TCAD."

"FinFET (Fin Field-Effect Transistor) technology has recently seen a major increase in adoption for use in integrated circuits because of its high immunity to short channel effects and its further ability to scale down. Previously, a major research contribution was made to reduce the leakage current in the conventional bulk devices. So many different alternatives like bulk isolation and oxide isolation are all having some pros and cons. Here in this paper, we present a novel pile gate FinFET structure to reduce the leakage current, as compared with Bulk FinFET without using any pstop implant or isolation oxide as in the Silicon-on-Insulator (SOI). The major advantage of this type of structure is that there is no need of high substrate doping, a 100% reduction in the random dopant fluctuation (RDF) and an increase in the ION/IOFF value. It can be very useful to improve the drain-induced barrier lowering (DIBL) at smaller technological nodes. All the work is supported by 3D TCAD simulations, using Cogenda TCAD."

"Inhibition is one of themechanisms used for mitigating the metallic corrosion, particularly in an acid environment. The present work aims toinvestigate theinhibiting effect of N-benzyl-N/-phenyl thiourea (BPTU) on thecorrosion of low carbon steel in a 0.1 M hydrochloric acid (HCl) solution using a Tafelextrapolation and linear polarization techniques. The study reveals that BPTUacts as an excellent anodic inhibitor for low carbon steel in a HClsolution. The protective efficiency of the compound was found to be more than97% even at higher temperatures. The study demonstrated that BPTU gets adsorbedon the steel surface, following Temkin?s adsorption isotherm and the inhibitionis controlled by a chemisorptionmechanism. The investigation shows that the results obtained from the Tafelextrapolation and linear polarization techniques for the corrosion of mildsteel in HCl medium were in good agreement. The influence of temperatures andconcentrations of BPTU on the corrosion of low carbon steel are alsoexamined in the present work."

"In recent times, thedemand for the real time audio and video applications in wireless networks isvery high due to widespread use of latest wireless communication technologies.Many of these applications require different Quality of Service (QoS) in termsof delay and throughput in the resource constrained wireless networks. In orderto handle the resources effectively and to increase the QoS, proper packetscheduling algorithms need to be developed. Low-latency Queuing (LLQ) is a packet scheduling algorithm whichcombines Strict Priority Queuing(SPQ) to Class-Based Weighted Fair Queuing (CB-WFQ). LLQ places delay sensitive applications suchas voice and video in the SPQ and treat them preferentially over other trafficby allowing the application to be processed and sent first from the SPQ. In this paper, an Enhanced LLQ (ELLQ) is proposed.An additional SPQ is introduced for scheduling the video applicationsseparately along with the dedicated SPQ for voice applications. The performanceof the proposed algorithm is compared with other existing algorithms throughsimulations using the OPNET modeler. Simulation and Statistical results showthat the proposed algorithm has given 1.5 times performance improvement interms of throughput and delay than the existing algorithms for the real timeaudio and video applications."

"In this study, modeling of the crossing point temperature (CPT) phenomenon in the low-temperature oxidation of coal was carried out using COMSOL Multiphysics®. Low-temperature oxidation can lead to spontaneous combustion of coal stockpiles. The CPT phenomenon was modeled with the kinetics data obtained from a prior laboratory experimental study. The coupling of the heat-transfer phenomenon through conduction and convection determined the thermal evolution model. In this case, coal received the initial heat of the oven temperature increases. As the coal temperature rose, the heat generated from oxidation was released into the environment via conduction and convection. Meanwhile, oxidation products and oxygen were transferred by convection and diffusion. The effects of moisture and the humidity were not considered. The outcomes of modeling were validated through comparison with the results of experimental tests, and the modeling result agreed well with the experiment tests, with temperature deviations of about 0.9%. The effects of airflow rate, oxygen concentration, porosity, and the initial temperature on low-temperature coal oxidation were also examined."

"pada pertengahan tahun 2000 terjadi kecelakaan pesawat helikopter, dimana proses terjadinya kecelakaan tersebut yaitu pada saat melakukan take off kemudian terjadi lost power sehingga pesawat berputar ke kiri berbalik arah dan mendarat dengan impact cukup keras. berangkat dari kasus tersebut dilaksanakan penelitian dengan maksud untuk menganalisis sebab-sebab terjadinya kerusakan material tersebut."

"This paper describes thecase study of Semanggi intersection in Jakarta, a dynamic model of emissionreduction in the land transportation sector. The urban transportation system isa complex system with multiple variables, feedback loops, and is influenced bysocial, economic and environmental factors. The proposed model consists of twosubmodels: Vehicle Fleet and Emission Calculation. The model runs inPowersim Studio software using data from the Indonesia Japan EconomicPartnership Agreement, and the TrafficManagement Centre of the Indonesian National Police. The test was conducted by developing two scenarios:Business As Usual and Intention. The estimated results to beobtained using the first scenario in 2021 should be 1,113,398 units, while thesecond scenario is estimated to produce 850,733 units. We hypothesize that theIntentional Approach will have a more significant impact than the TechnicalApproach, which requires more investment. The Intentional Approach is designed to improve the intention ofprivate car users to switch to public transportation. The Technical Approach to the emission measurement of everyvehicle in a certain area is the data of vehicle emission which are usuallytaken to determine the current condition. This research will no doubthave a positive impact on emission reduction in Jakarta."

"In this paper, two highlysensitive photonic crystal fiber (PCF) structures with microstructure core and claddinghave been demonstrated for Ethanol sensing. Themicrostructure core of both proposedPCFs is designed with supplementary holes in an octagonal formation. We have investigated therelative sensitivity and the confinement loss of the proposed PCF structuresemploying a fullvectorial finite element method (FEM). The proposed PCFs work at a widetransmission band covering 0.8 µm to 2 µm and exhibit high sensitivity and lowconfinement loss simultaneously. The numerical analysis shows that the circular shape of air holes in the first ring is a moresalient attribute forincreasing sensitivity and the presence of the square shape of air holes in the first ring showsbetter performance to reduce confinement loss."

"struktur dan beban guna. Pertimbangan untuk propelan meliputi masalah ekonomi dan penyimpanan, energetik dan ha-hal yang berkaitan dengan cara kerja motor roket. Pertimbangan untuk struktur meliputi ketahanan material, kondisi lingkungan, pengerjaan, densitas dan faktor ekonomi. Faktor ekonomi yaitu mengenai harga dan ketersediaannya di pasaran. Dalam penyimpanan sangat penting dipertimbangkan sifat-sifat korosifitas, bahaya ledakan dan kebakaran, sifat racun, sifat fisika dan sifat kimia. Pertimbangan faktor energetik, berhubungan dengan jumlah gaya dorong, kemungkinan dapat dimatikan-dihidupkan, waktu penggunaan, jumlah propelan dan antisipasi mengatasi kegagalan. Di samping itu juga pertimbangan dengan cara kerja motor roket, untuk propelan cair. Ketahanan struktur terhadap ruptur, batas elastisitas, modulus Young, kelelahan, keuletan statik dan sifat dapat ditempa. Material harus tahan terhadap lingkungan meliputi keadaan panas, dingin, cairan korosif, sinar matahari, dan hantaman partikel-partikel ionik. Pertimbangan densitas berpengaruh pada berat struktur dan berpengaruh pada indeks konstruksi. Material juga harus mudah didapatkan dan harganya terjangkau"

"Inthis study, a fuzzy-based expert system called the Pain Intensity PredictionExpert System (PIPES) was developed to predict pain severity risk (PSR) inshoveling-related tasks. The primary objective was to develop a non-changing rating risk assessment ergonomicstool that both efficientand comparable with those obtained from human ergonomics experts in the fieldof application. PIPES used fuzzy settheory (FST) to make decisions about the level of pain associated with aselected worker base on the measured task variables, namely scooping rate, scooping time, shovel load, andthrow distance as input and PSR as the result. Values obtained from variable measurements from a sand shoveling taskwere run with PIPES, and the results were compared with the workers?self-reported pain (WSRP) intensity using a numeric rating scale (NRS) tool. The result of validation showed that there was astrong positive relationship between WSRP NRS and PIPES NRS, with a correlationcoefficient of 0.70. The independent sample t-test for mean difference showed that WSRP had a statistically significantly lower level of NRS (4.35 ± 2.1)compared to PIPES (4.75 ± 2.2), t (38) = - 0.591, p = 0.558. With asignificance level of 0.001 at 95% confidence, the groups? means were notsignificantly different. The study developed an expert system, PIPES, which can be used as a computerizedrepresentation of ergonomics experts, who are scarce. PIPES can be applied to construction industries, sand mine locations,and any workplace where materials are manually moved using a shovel."