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"Summary:Despite the benefits that PSSA designation can deliver, the practice, both within the IMO and by individual member States, has considerably undermined confidence in this concept. This book focuses on the events within the IMO that have led to this lack of confidence. It offers an examination of coastal State practice with the PSSA concept"

"Pada tahun 2017, COP CBD menetapkan 4 kawasan laut Indonesia sebagai Kawasan Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs) yaitu Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion, Raja Ampat and Northern Bird’s Head, Southern Straits of Malacca, dan Upwelling Zone of the Sumatra-Java Coast. Tujuan dari diadopsinya EBSAs adalah untuk berfokus pada upaya pengeloaan dan konservasi ekosistem laut. Penetapan Kawasan EBSAs ini seharusnya disambut baik oleh Pemerintah Indonesia terutama karena komitmennya dalam mensinergikan pengelolaan kawasan laut dengan mengedepankan aspek lingkungan hidup. Namun, pembangunan PLTU di Teluk Sepang yang merupakan kawasan EBSA Upwelling Zone of the Sumatra-Java Coast mendapatkan ijin sehingga terdapat gugatan Warga Teluk Sepang Bengkulu terhadap Gubernur Bengkulu atas pembangunan tersebut. Penelitian dengan metode yuridis normatif ini berkesimpulan bahwa pengelolaan kawasan laut Indonesia yang ditetapkan sebagai kawasan EBSAs diatur melalui PP 32 Tahun 2019 dan PP Nomor 21 Tahun 2021, namun pengaturan pengelolaan kawasan EBSAs tersebut belum memadai. Hingga saat penelitian ini dilakukan, hanya Kawasan EBSA Raja Ampat yang telah memiliki kepastian hukum sebagai kawasan konservasi. Penerapan Kebijakan pengelolaan kawasan laut Indonesia yang ditetapkan sebagai Kawasan EBSAs masih lemah. Putusan Hakim hanya menyandarkan pada kerugian faktual sebagai syarat adanya kepentingan sehingga hakim belum menilai pokok perkara. Apabila hakim mempertimbangkan sampai pada pokok perkara, penelitian ini menyarankan hakim untuk mempertimbangkan EBSA sebagai soft law sebagai dasar pertimbangan hukum dalam memberikan perlindungan terhadap Kawasan EBSA tersebut.

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In 2017, COP CBD designated 4 Indonesian marine areas as Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs) namely Sulu-Sulawesi Marine Ecoregion, Raja Ampat and Northern Bird's Head, Southern Straits of Malacca, and Upwelling Zone of the Sumatra-Java Coast. The adoption of EBSAs is to focus on efforts to manage and conserve marine ecosystems. The determination of the EBSAs area should be welcomed by the Government of Indonesia, especially because of Indonesia’s commitment to synergize the management of marine areas by prioritizing environmental aspects. However, the construction of the PLTU in Sepang Bay, which is in the EBSA Upwelling Zone of the Sumatra-Java Coast area, received a permit so there was a lawsuit from the Bengkulu residents of Sepang Bay against the Bengkulu Governor for the development. By using the normative juridical method, this study concludes that the management of Indonesian marine areas designated as EBSAs was regulated through Government Regulation Number 32 of 2019 and Government Regulation Number 21 of 2021. Management of the EBSAs area through those regulations was not adequate. At the time this study was conducted, only the Raja Ampat EBSA Area had legal certainty as a conservation area. The implementation of policies for managing Indonesian marine areas designated as EBSAs was still weak. The judge's decision only relied on factual losses as a condition of interest so the judge had not assessed the subject matter of the case. This study suggests the judge consider EBSA as a soft law as the basis for legal considerations in providing protection for the EBSA Area when the judge considers getting to the point of the case"

"This book has a wider approach not strictly focused on crop production compared to other books that are strictly oriented towards bees, but has a generalist approach to pollination biology. It also highlights relationships between introduced and wild pollinators and consequences of such introductions on communities of wild pollinating insects. The chapters on biochemical basis of plant-pollination interaction, pollination energetics, climate change and pollinators and pollinators as bioindicators of ecosystem functioning provide a base for future insights into pollination biology. The role of honeybees and wild bees on crop pollination, value of bee pollination, planned honeybee pollination, non-bee pollinators, safety of pollinators, pollination in cages, pollination for hybrid seed production, the problem of diseases, genetically modified plants and bees, the role of bees in improving food security and livelihoods, capacity building and awareness for pollinators are also discussed."

"The built environment has the potential to have a major impact on biodiversity, not least with the increasingly demanding requirements to design more energy efficient and airtight buildings, leaving less space for species to inhabit."