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"The aim of this research is to analyze the role of intangible asset in improving organizational performance of Small Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in manufacture sector in Palu. This research was designed as explanatory research. The sample was determined using stratified proportional random sampling and consists of 175 units of SMEs. The data collected by questionnaire to the directors of the SMEs were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). This research has successfully proved the role of intangible asset in improving organizational performance through the role of social capital; it is by moderating the influence of business networking and organizational learning to the organizational performance of SME`s."

"Labor productivity could be direct measurement of human capital quality as it shows the amount of output that the labor can produce. McConnel and Brue (1995) define labor productivity as ratio between produced output and working hour at certain level of wage. Our research try to analyze the labor productivity on manufacture sector and its explanatory variables by applying cross section data of medium scale industries on 1996 in Indonesia. The estimation result shows the positive significance of education level, the more educated labor will yield higher productivity. We also try to internalize gender issue and we find the more female worker employed, the less productivity of labor force, and consequently will lowering the wage level. Those findings conform not only Human Capital theory by Nelson-Phelps (1966), Lucas (1998) and Aghion and Howitt (1998), but also conform the theory of wage discrimination based on gender as previously stated by Byron and Takahashi (1989) and Hansen and Wahlberg (1997)."

"The economic crises attacking Asian regions in the mid of 1997 have brought depressing impacts to Indonesia?s economy. Indonesia experiences a declining share of investment? it is even the lowest amongst neighboring countries. Indonesia also ranks the first position in the issue of inefficiency which further discourages investors to invest in Indonesia. The study focuses on the issue of efficiency in the manufacturing industry whose share in the economy tends to increase during I988-2OO5 in a higher percentage than in the agriculture and services sectors. The objectives of the study are two-folds, first is to measure the score of efficiency in the manufacturing industry in order to identify which in industries are classified as efficient, moderately efficient, or less efficient. Secondly is to identify whether there is an association between input factor or output degree of protection and the score of in efficiency of a 5-digit-JSIC industry. The method employs in the study is the stochastic production frontier where efficiency is an explicit function of specifically determining factors. The study finds that wood preservative industry has the highest efficiency score, while garment and textile industry has the lowest. The study also discovers there are more industries with less and moderately efficient classification. Sources of inefficiency are from the high output tariffs, which have potential contributions to high price and less competitive products in the market. The study recommends that manufacturing industries with low scores of efficiency should improve their productivities through lower cost of production. The government has to make effort to reduce tariff for finished goods. Taxes on luxurious goods and duty charges for export oriented industries should be eliminated as an alternative to increase efficiency in the manufacturing industry. Comparative advantages, particularly for linkage industries, should be improved."

"Konsentrasi dan aktivitas ekonomi secara spasial, terutama pada industri manufaktur, telah menjadi fenomena menarik untuk dianalisis. Pada industri manufaktur, konsentrasi spasial ditentukan oleh biaya upah, biaya transportasi dan akses pasar serta eksternalitas dan konsentrasi spasial yang berkaitan dengan penghematan lokalisasi dan penghematan urbanisasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui dimana dan pada subsektor apa industri manufaktur Kota Surabaya terkonsentrasi serta untuk mengetahui mengapa dan bagaimana industri manufaktur Kota Surabaya terkonsentrasi sehingga dapat dianalisis mengenai kebijakan dalam mengembangkan industri manufaktur Kota Surabaya. Data yang digunakan pada penelitian ini adalah data tenaga kerja industri manufaktur dua digit per kecamatan di Surabaya tahun 1994 dan 2002. Data tersebut dianalisis dengan menggunakan LQ, Ellison Glaeser indeks dan Maurel Sedillot indeks. Berdasarkan analisis, diketahui bahwa industri manufaktur di Kota Surabaya terkonsentrasi di Kecamatan Rungkut, Tandes dan Sawahan sedangkan subsektor unggulan Kota Surabaya adalah industri makanan, minuman dan tembakau serta industri logam, mesin dan peralatan."

"AbstractMost cities in developing countries face inefficiency problem of waste collection service run by government. The purpose of this study is to estimate the efficiency of waste collection service and the capital cost requirement in 2019 to cover 100% waste collection service in Cilegon City. The efficiency is calculated by comparing the current costs with the optimization costs by the model of vehicle routing problem. The result shows that the obtained inefficiency reaches 37,48% which largely comes from the labor component. To cover all of resident in Cilegon City, the city needs to increase their budget allocation as much as IDR 33,884 billion in 2019. AbstrakSebagian besar kota di negara berkembang menghadapi permasalahan inefisiensi pengangkutan sampah yang dikelola pemerintah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengestimasi inefisiensi pengangkutan sampah di Kota Cilegon. Inefisiensi dihitung dengan membandingkan biaya saat ini dengan biaya hasil optimasi rute dengan model vehicle routing problem. Penelitian ini juga mengestimasi kebutuhan biaya modal jika rasio pengangkutan sampah mencapai 100% pada tahun 2019. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa inefisiensi sebesar 37,48%, yaitu porsi komponen tenaga kerja sebesar 94,48 dari total inefisiensi. Terkait kebutuhan modal, diperlukan kenaikan anggaran Rp33,884 miliar untuk meningkatkan rasio pengangkutan sampah menjadi 100% pada tahun 2019."

"During the development of any transormation will put the services while leaving the primary and diminishing share. Using Input-Output model, we analyse the possibilities of making DKI Jakarta as services town. Based on total forward, total backward linkage and other analysis output, we conform the highest role of services sector in this province. We also find that the final demand for services sector is higher than its intermediate demand, showing this product of this sector is mainly used for direct consumption."

"AbstractSalah satu aspek penting dari kebijakan desentralisasi skal adalah pelimpahan wewenang dan tanggungjawab pengelolaan dana publik ke pemerintah daerah, khususnya kota/kabupaten. Sesudah lebih dari sepu-luh tahun diimplementasikan, ketersediaan informasi dan data memungkinkan untuk melakukan evaluasisejauh mana dampaknya pada pembangunan ekonomi regional. Studi ini ingin mengetahui apakah kinerjapengelolaan keuangan daerah cukup efektif dalam penyediaan infrastruktur dasar dan apakah penyediaaninfrastruktur dasar secara efektif mengurangi angka kemiskinan. Dengan menggunakan metode data panel,studi ini mengonrmasi hubungan positif antara kinerja pengelolaan keuangan daerah dengan penyediaaninfrastruktur dasar (khususnya jalan dan listrik, namun tidak berlaku untuk air bersih). Adapun hubunganantara penyediaan infrastruktur dasar dengan angka kemiskinan, sesuai harapan, ternyata negatif. Temuanini memperkuat keyakinan perlunya mendorong lebih kuat lagi pembangunan infrastruktur dasar untukmengurangi angka kemiskinan."

"Penelitian ini akan melihat bagaimana pola struktur ekonomi dan pola penyerapan tenaga kerja sektoral di 30 propinsi pada kurun waktu I980-2000 di Indonesia. Fokus penelitian ini diarahkan pada analisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi penyerapan tenaga kerja di wilayah tersebut dan pada analisis kebijakan perencanaan tenaga kerja di Indonesia.Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, digunakan pendekatan demometrik guna membangun model makro demoekonomi regional yang dimodifikasi dari model penyerapan tenaga kerja yang digunakan oleh J.Ledent. Secara prinsip, model demometrik ini menggabungkan model ekonometri dan model demografi. Dalam hal ini, variabel seperti jumlah penyerapan tenaga kerja regional dihubungkan dengan variabel populasi (dengan memperhatikan unsur tingkat kelahiran dan kematian), netmigration, output, dan upah melalui suatu model ekonometri di 30 propinsi pada 9 sektor.Ditemukan hasil bahwa struktur ekonomi Indonesia secara nasional mengalami perubahan dari sektor pertanian ke sektor-sektor lainnya. Akan tetapi, berdasarkan propinsi, propinsi-propinsi Bengkulu, Gorontalo, Jambi, Kalbar, Kalsel, Kalteng, Lampung, Maluku, Malut, NTB, NTT, Sulsel, Sulteng, Sultra, Sulut, Sumbar, dan Sumut masih bertumpu pada sektor pertanian; dan propinsi-propinsi Babel, Bali, Banten, DIY, DKI Jaya, Jabar, Jateng, Jatim, Kaltim, NAD, Papua, Riau, dan Sumsel sudah bertumpu pada sektor manufaktur, sektor perdagangan-hotel-restoran, sektor jasa, dan sektor bangunan. Sektor pertanian paling banyak menyerap tenaga kerja walaupun dengan upah yang lebih rendah dan upah di sektor-sektor lainnya. Namun di propinsi-propinsi Bali, Banten, DIY, DKI Jaya, Jabar, Jateng, Jatim, dan Kaltim, ke-9 sektor sudah saling mendekat. Adanya peningkaran dan penurunan dalam jumlah penyerapan tenaga kerja ini disebabkan oleh perubahan populasi, net migration, output, dan juga upah. Bahkan terjadi pergeseran penyerapan tenaga kerja antar sektor dan antar propinsi."

"AbstractThe implication of ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) in 2015 is free mobilization of goods, services, labours, and capital among the member countries. This encourages Indonesia to strengthen its commitments on the construction service sector. This study aims to map Indonesia's commitments in the construction service sector under the ASEAN Framework Agreement on Services (AFAS) with Hoekman Index and investigates the impacts on the macroeconomic and sector performances. The GTAP model analysis shows that Indonesia does not gain from the service liberalization, there is only slight increase of macroeconomic and sector performance. A 50% or full liberalization cause few increase on the real GDP. Positive impact of liberalization is only seen in the construction sector itself.AbstrakImplikasi terbentuknya Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN tahun 2015 adalah kawasan ASEAN akan menjadi suatu kawasan bebas mobilisasi barang, jasa, investasi, tenaga kerja, dan arus modal. Kondisi ini mendorong peningkatan komitmen Indonesia, salah satunya di sektor jasa konstruksi. Studi ini bertujuan memetakan posisi komitmen sektor jasa konstruksi Indonesia di AFAS berdasarkan indeks Hoekman dan menganalisis dampak peningkatan komitmen tersebut. Hasil analisis GTAP menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia belum memperoleh manfaat dari adanya implementasi komitmen tersebut. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan yang relatif kecil terhadap indikator ekonomi makro dan sektoral Indonesia. Liberalisasi 50% maupun penuh hanya menyebabkan peningkatan PDB riil yang kecil. Dampak sektoral hanya tampak pada peningkatan di sektor konstruksi sendiri."

"The aim of this paper was to determine the effect of public sector expenditure to economic growth and poverty in all provinces in Indonesia during period 2006 to 2008. Using Full Information Maximum Likelihood (FIML) approach, the result showed that public sector expenditure on education and health sector had significant effect inboosting economic growth. In addition, the output produced by the education and health sector, both of the output had significant effect on economic growth. While, public sector expenditure on infrastructure had insignificant effect. Furthermore, this study showed that public sector expenditure on education and health also had significant effect in reducing the number of poor through the outcome such as form of school enrollment, literacy, infant mortality and life expectancy. On the other hand, the effect of economic growth to reduce the number of poor was not significant."