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"Bima is a region that has been attracting researchers? attention, which should notbe surprising because it has always been a multicultural region. Its history reveals that Bimawas one of the sailing routes, especially of the Malay Muslim traders, sailing from the directionof East Java. Bima then became a center of the Islamic rule in the eastern Nusantara. Thispaper discusses a brief history of how Bima became a center of Islamic rule that was stronglyinfluenced by the Malays."

"This paper looks at an early nineteenth-century Malay letter from a land of exile,Ceylon (present Sri Lanka). The letter, written in Colombo, was dated 3 January1807 and is in Leiden University Library MS Cod.Or.2241-I 25 [Klt 21/no.526]. Itwas written by Siti Hapipa, the widow of the exiled Sultan Fakhruddin AbdulKhair al-Mansur Baginda Usman Batara Tangkana Gowa, the 26th king of theGowa Sultanate of South Sulawesi who reigned from 1753 until 1767. He wasbanished by the Dutch (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) to Ceylonin 1767 on a charge of conspiracy with the British to oppose the VOC tradingmonopoly in eastern Indonesia. Although many studies of Malay letters exist,letters from the lands of exile like such as the one discussed in this article havereceived less scholarly attention. Also remarkable is that this is one of the rareeighteenth- and nineteenth-centuries Malay letters written by a female. Settingthe scene with a historical sketch of the eighteenth and the early nineteenthcentury in colonial Ceylon and the Netherlands East Indies, this paper providesthe transliteration of Siti Hapipa?s letter in Roman script, through which Ithen analyse the socio-economic and political aspects of the family of SultanFakhruddin in their exile in Colombo."

"This paper looks at an early nineteenth-century Malay letter from a land of exile,Ceylon (present Sri Lanka). The letter, written in Colombo, was dated 3 January1807 and is in Leiden University Library MS Cod.Or.2241-I 25 [Klt 21/no.526]. Itwas written by Siti Hapipa, the widow of the exiled Sultan Fakhruddin AbdulKhair al-Mansur Baginda Usman Batara Tangkana Gowa, the 26th king of theGowa Sultanate of South Sulawesi who reigned from 1753 until 1767. He wasbanished by the Dutch (Vereenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie, VOC) to Ceylonin 1767 on a charge of conspiracy with the British to oppose the VOC tradingmonopoly in eastern Indonesia. Although many studies of Malay letters exist,letters from the lands of exile like such as the one discussed in this article havereceived less scholarly attention. Also remarkable is that this is one of the rareeighteenth- and nineteenth-centuries Malay letters written by a female. Settingthe scene with a historical sketch of the eighteenth and the early nineteenthcentury in colonial Ceylon and the Netherlands East Indies, this paper providesthe transliteration of Siti Hapipa?s letter in Roman script, through which Ithen analyse the socio-economic and political aspects of the family of SultanFakhruddin in their exile in Colombo."

"R.M. Noto Soeroto was one of the Indonesian writers who wrote in Dutch.His poems and essays in Dutch were well appreciated by both the Dutch andthe Indonesian society in the Netherlands. He published his works in Oedaya:Majalah bergambar untuk Indonesia, a magazine (1923-1931) that was founded byhim. His works can be categorized as Dutch-East Indies literature. Most of hisworks in Dutch were written when he lived in the Netherlands and describethe Javanese culture. This article is an analysis on three of Soeroto?s poems.These three poems present flowers as theme, two poems are from his anthologyMelatiknoppen: gedichten in proza (1915) and one poem from De geur van moedershaarwrong (1922). Flowers are most usually seen as a symbol for women, andthus represent the idea of femininity. However, the flowers in these three poemsrefer to the idea of masculinity. Jasmine is no longer a symbol limited to thefeminine gender. In Javanese culture, the jasmine flower attached to the hairis a symbol of femininity. The flower wrapped around the kris is a symbol ofmasculinity. Furthermore jasmine is a symbol for struggle. This article tries todemonstrate the presence of masculinity through the use of flowers and theirrole as an image of masculinity in Noto Soeroto?s poems."

"Tradisi Marebu Mala merupakan salah satu tradisi yang terdapat di desa adat Beraban. Marebu Mala sangat terkait dengan suatu ritual yang berkenaan dengan pembersihan atau pensucian buana agung atau pembersihan terhadap alam semesta dalam ruang lingkup yang lebih kecil adalah lingkungan tempat pakraman desa adat setempat. Tradisi Marebu Mala diselenggarakan pada saat-saat tertentu tatkala adanya suatu kejadian atau peristiwa wabah penyakit atau hal lain yang mengancam keharmonisan hubungan manusia dengan lingkungan sekitarnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pengamatan, wawancara, dan perpustakaan. Sedangkan, teori yang digunakan adalah teori neofungsional dan semiotik. Adapun perumusan masalahnya adalah apa fungsi dari tradisi Marebu Mala dan yang kedua bagaimana prosesi tradisi Marebu Mala dilakukan. Adapun pembahasannya yakni. Marebu Mala merupakan suatu tradisi yang telah ada dan dilakukan secara turun-menurun oleh masyarakat setempat. Ritual ini sangat sakral karena berkaitan dengan religi atau kepercayaan masyarakat. Fungsi dari Marebu Mala adalah melakukan penetralisiran terhadap energi-energi negatif baik yang disebabkan oleh alam maupun oleh ulah manusia sehingga keadaan yang buruk itu dapat dikontrol dan diredam, tidak menimbulkan impek yang buruk terhadap lingkungan kehidupan manusia. "

"ABSTRAKPulau Kera awalnya sebagai pulau yang tidak berpenghuni, kemudian pada tahun 1911 datang orang Bajo yang terkenal sebagai pelaut. Walaupun dalam keterbatasan mulai dari akses air bersih, listrik, pendidikan, pelayanan kantor pemerintah yang belum diperoleh, tidak mampu menggoyahkan masyarakat untuk tetap bertahan di pulau ini. Orang Baju menetap dan bertahan karena keindahan pantai dan kekayaan lautnya. Mereka sebagian besar bermatapencaharian sebagai nelayan dengan kehidupan sosial yang sederhana. Kedekatan emosional masyarakat Bajo dengan sumberdaya laut memunculkan tradisi mamia kadialo. Tradisi mamia kadialo berupa pengelompokan orang ketika ikut melaut jangka waktu tertentu dan perahu yang digunakan. Ada tiga kelompok tradisi, yaitu palilibu, bapongka, dan sasakai. Hal ini merupakan perilaku yang positif yang berkaitan dengan pengelolaan sumberdaya laut untuk tetap hidup harmonis menjaga kelestarian lingkungan."