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"A cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the problem of nutritional status and intestinal helminthiasis among underfive children in three selected refugee centers in Kupang District, East Nusa Tenggara and to identify possible relationship between intestinal helminthiasis and nutritional status. A number of 188 children 12-59 months of age were involved in this study. All three refugee centers showed that Ascaris lumbricoides was most common (29.0% in Naibonat, 28.8% in Noelbaki and 23.4% in Tuapukan), followed by hookworm (25.8% in Naibonat, 10.0% in Noelbaki and 3.9% in Tuapukan) and the least common was Trichuris trichiura (6.3% in Noelbaki, 3.2% in Noelbaki and 0% in Tuapukan). Based on the WHO?s criteria the intensity of intestinalhelminthiasis in all three refugee centers were low. Nutritional status was characterized by high of prevalence of underweight, stunting and wasting in all three refugee centers. The prevalence of underweight was 28.6% in Tuapukan, 25.8% in Naibonat, and 18.8% in Noelbaki. The prevalence of stunting was 29.0% in Naibonat, 20% in Noelbaki and23.4% in Tuapukan. While the prevalence of wasting was 8.8% in Noelbaki, 6.5% in Naibonat and 3.9% in Tuapukan. For anemia, 75% of children in Noelbaki, 71.4% in Tuapukan and 45.2% in Naibonat had haemoglobin level less than 11 g/dl. There was no significant association between the prevalence of Ascaris lumbricoides and nutritional status of children also between the intensity of Ascaris Iumbricoides and nutritional status."

"Pemenuhan akses keadilan melalui pemberian bantuan hukum merupakan hak asasi yang dimiliki oleh setiap orang termasuk pengungsi dan pencari suaka. Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945, Undang-Undang Nomor 39 Tahun 1999 tentang HAM, dan Undang-Undang Nomor 16 Tahun 2011 tentang Bantuan Hukum telah mengamanatkan bahwa setiap orang berhak atas pengakuan, jaminan, perlindungan, dan kepastian hukum yang adil serta perlakuan yang sama dihadapan hukum. Namun pemberian bantuan hukum kepada pengungsi dan pencari suaka pada kenyataannya tidak pernah dilaksanakan sesuai dengan UUD NRI Tahun 1945, UU HAM, dan UU Bantuan Hukum. Padahal keadilan memiliki sifat kesamaan atau kesetaraan yang mana hal tersebut merupakan hak asasi manusia yang tidak dapat dihilangkan dengan alasan ras, warna kulit, kebangsaan, bahasa, agama, dan status kewarganegaraan. Kehilangan status kewarganegaraan bukan berarti akan menghilangkan hak asasi manusianya.

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Fulfilling access to justice through the provision of legal aid is a human right that is owned by everyone, including refugees and asylum seekers. The Constitution of Republic Indonesia, Law Number 39 of 1999 on Human Rights, and Law Number 16 of 2011 on Legal Aid have mandated that everyone has the right to recognition, guarantees, protection and legal certainty that is just and equal treatment before the law. However, the provision of legal aid to refugees and asylum seekers has in fact never been implemented in accordance with the Constitution of Republic Indonesia, the Human Rights Law and the Legal Aid Law. In fact, justice has the nature of equality or similarity, which is a human right that cannot be eliminated on the grounds of race, color, nationality, language, religion and citizenship status. Losing his citizenship status does not mean that he will lose his human rights."

"Terjadinya konflik di berbagai negara di Asia berakibat pada meningkatnya jumlah pengungsi dan pencari suaka. Kebutuhan akan perlindungan dan kehidupan yang layak membuat para pencari suaka ini rela menempuh cara apapun untuk mendapat perlindungan di negara lain, termasuk dengan menjadi imigran gelap. Australia, sebagai salah satu negara tujuan pencari suaka, memberlakukan Operation Sovereign Borders dengan mencegat dan mengembalikan kapal pengangkut pencari suaka untuk melindungi perbatasan sekaligus mengurangi laju imigran gelap yang masuk ke negara tersebut. Pada praktiknya kebijakan ini melanggar berbagai ketentuan hukum internasional yakni prinsip non-refoulement, hukum hak asasi manusia, kewajiban SAR, penanganan terhadap penyelundupan imigran, dan pelanggaran kedaulatan Republik Indonesia.

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Conflicts in several countries in Asia resulted in increasing number of refugees and asylum seekers. The need for protection and a decent life makes them willing to take any way to get protection in other countries, including by being illegal migrants. Australia, as a destination country for asylum seekers, imposed Operation Sovereign Borders by intercepting and returning ships carrying asylum seekers to protect the border while reducing the rate of illegal migrants coming into the country. In practice, this policy violates various provisions of international law, namely the principle of non-refoulement, human rights law, SAR obligation, the handling of migrant smuggling and violations of Indonesia sovereignty."

"Skripsi ini pada dasarnya membahas mengenai kerjasama negara sebagai bagian dari masyarakat internasional dalam penanganan serta perlindungan pengungsi yang datang ke wilayah suatu negara secara masal ditinjau dari sudut pandang hukum internasional. Konsep kerjasama yang kemudian dikenal sebagai konsep burden sharing ini berakar dari prinsip kerjasama serta solidaritas internasional yang berkembang sebagai suatu prinsip yang disetujui oleh negara-negara dan sebagai suatu prinsip hukum yang dikenal secara umum di dunia. Pertanyaan mendasar tulisan ini adalah bagaimana konsep tersebut berlaku dalam hukum internasional dan bagaimana penerapannya oleh Indonesia. Penelitian yang dilakukan Penulis ini berujung pada suatu hasil bahwa konsep burden sharing ini merupakan konsep yang masih berkembang sehingga tidak ada acuan rigid dalam penerapannya. Maka dari itu, mekanisme penerapannya di berbagai belahan dunia berbeda-beda namun dengan tujuan utama yang sama yaitu berbagi beban secara adil. Terkait dengan Indonesia, konsep ini memiliki keterkaitan dengan Indonesia dengan posisi Indonesia sebagai negara yang membutuhkan bantuan negara lain dalam menangani permasalahan pengungsi masal, khususnya pengungsi-pengungsi Rohingya. Kebutuhan Indonesia akan kontribusi negara lain dalam penanganan permasalahan pengungsi masal ini terlihat dari pandangan-pandangan Indonesia yang terindikasi dari pernyataan perwakilan-perwakilan negara di berbagai konferensi internasional yang diikuti Indonesia yang membahas mengenai solidaritas negara dalam menangani pengungsi masal. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan tinjauan pustaka serta wawancara dengan pihak terkait seperti Kementerian Luar Negeri dan UNHCR Indonesia. Saran penulis terkait dengan isu ini adalah bahwa sebagai bagian dari masyakat internasional, negara-negara di dunia harus senantiasa memberikan kontribusinya terhadap penanganan pengungsi masal yang tentu akan sangat berat apabila hanya ditangani oleh satu negara saja.

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This study basically explains about cooperation between states as part of international community in handling and protecting the refugees which arrive in one's territory massively, observed from international law standpoint. The concept of cooperation, which is further known as burden sharing concept, is rooted from the principle of international cooperation and international solidarity which is developing as a principle agreed by states and are widely recognized as a general principle of law. The fundamental question of this writing is how such concept exist under international law and how is the implementation by Indonesia.

This research leads to a conclusion that burden sharing is a concept that is still evolving so that there is no rigid guidance in the implementation yet. Therefore, there are varieties of implementation mechanisms among states, but the ultimate purpose remains the same, that is equitable distribution of burden. In relation with Indonesia, this concept has a connection with the fact that Indonesia is a state which needs support from other countries in handling the mass influx of refugees, especially the Rohingyan refugees. Indonesia's need of others'contribution in handling this problem is seen from the views indicated from Indonesia's representatives statement in a number of international conferences attended by Indonesia on solidarity of states in facing the mass influx of refugees.

This research is conducted by having a literature review and field interview with several concerned institutions such as Foreign Ministry of Indonesia and UNHCR Indonesia. It is author advise that as part of international community, states should always assert their contribution in accommodating the mass influx of refugees which certainly would very burdening if it is handled only by one state."