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"In this article, the author describes the ethnography of the Bugis-Makassar, the largest inhabitants in South Sulawesi. His description includes: the historical background, their social stratification, kinship system, traditional political structure, and folklore. How the Bugis-Makassar elite groups are developed and how their social structure influenced by such development is also discussed by the author. Based on the historical evidences it is revealed that identification of the elite groups which is underlined by nobility, emerged in 15th century. In the period of Dutch colonization, composition of the elite groups changed into: pangreh-praja (government administration official) which subsequently emerged as a new elite group. In the era of independence, the position of elites were mostly occupied by the rulling class and well-educated persons. In the last section, the author explains the sirik an institution which refers to human dignity and self-respect - in relation to the conditioning of Indonesian national culture."

"In this article, the author describes the ethnography of the To-Kaili, the largest ethnics group in Central Sulawesi. To-Kaili had an important historical role in the period of Dutch colonization. At least four kingdoms tried to rebel against Dutch rule namely Moutong, Banawa, Sigi, and Kulawi. The author goes on to discuss the "modal personality" of Kaili people which covers social and religious life, ethos, language, art and literature. In the last section, he tries to predict how those people will face changes in the near future."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai perubahan ekologi tingkah laku monyet Sulawesi (Macaca spp.) dan empat jenis burung yang diduga berasosiasi dengannya, yaitu malkoha (Phaenicophaeus calyorhynchus), bubut (Centropus celebensis), rangkong (Rhyticeros cassidix), dan srigunting gunung (Dicrurus hottentottus) dilakukan di Sulawesi Tengah dan Sulawesi Utara, pada bulan Deseinber 1989 hingga bulan Juni 1990. Penelitian ini menggunakan saat pertemuan dengan monyet Sulawesi sebagai kontrol. Data yang diambil adalah jumlah pertemuan, lainanya waktu perteman, jumlah individu, .jarak, strata, aktivitas, serta pola tingkah laku inonyet Sulawesi dan Inasing-masing jenis burung saat bersama-sama. Pencatatan data yang sama saat burung tanpa nionyet Sulawesi digunakan sebàgai data pembanding, untuk mengetahui ada tidaknya perubahan tingkah laku masing masing burung saat bersama monyet Sulawesi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada asosiasi antara monyet Sulawesi dengan keempat jenis burung di Sulawesi Tengah dan Sulawesi Utara. Gainbaran adanya asosiasi monyet Sulawesi dengan keempat jenis burung didasarkan pada jumlah pertenivan yang tinggi, perbedaan jumlah individu, perubahan pola berkelompok perubahan strata aktivitas, perubahan persentase aktivitas, dan perubahan tingkah laku makan burung saat bersama monyet Sulawesi."