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"Booming and prosperity. Joyful expectation of the future. And, suddenly, a crash, a dramatic crash. All were lost in such a short time. They were so unprepared for this event. Then, those who had used to talk about poverty, but did not really experience the poverty itself, were forced to get the feeling of much relative deprivation. They had not fallen to under poverty line, and, indeed, they might be still in a much higher economic situation than the poverty line; but their prospect had been very bleak. It was like the feeling of riding a roller coaster, but without knowing the end of the fast descending journey. They were, to mention a few, the academicians, politicians, bureaucrats, business people, people in NGOs and joui nalists. They had the political power, and some were involved in decision making to help the "poor" people."

"Indonesia is a diverse country with uneven resource endowment across its provinces. This study examines the effects of human capital investment policies on the promotion of more equitable income growth across provinces. First, the rate of return to education is estimated for each province using the 1976 and 1989 Indonesian National Labor Force Surveys (SAKERNAS). Then, regional economic indicators are used to explain differences in the rates of return to education among provinces and to develop and test hypotheses regarding the contribution of investment in education to personal income growth in different regions in Indonesia.The study finds large differences in the rates of return to education among provinces with the highest rates of return in the poorest provinces. A model of segmented regional labor markets is advanced to explain why wage differences across provinces may exist. The estimates suggest that labor market segmentation was more pronounced for un- or low-educated workers because inter-provincial differences in wages were greater among this group than among more educated workers. Education may reduce regional labor market segmentation. More educated workers may be better able to compete for jobs in other provinces, and therefore more mobile, because they possess the needed language and market skills.Thus, it appears that education not only enhances personal (and national) income, but also promotes greater equity across provinces. Equitable investment in education across provinces is compatible with both equity and efficiency goals in regional economic development."

"AbstrakThe development policy in Maluku Province cannot separate from the small islands that dominate the areas. Its central potentials are in the field of fisheries, agriculture, and mining. This research aims to analyze the potentials of the leading sector and to formulate policy priorities for regional development in Maluku Province. The research used in this research is Location Quotient (LQ), Growth-Ratio Model (MRP), Overlay, SWOT and Analytic Network Process (ANP). The results showed that in Maluku Province there are eight economic categories that have base sectors. The result of Growth-Ratio Model (MRP) shows that the sector with the highest average the ratio of growth in the study area (RPs) is mining and quarrying sector. Furthermore, Overlay analysis shows that government administration, defense, social security sectors are obliged to contribute to and the highest growth. The result of SWOT-ANP shows that policy priority in regional development is the acceleration of infrastructure development."

"Comparing the economic development in China and India has been interesting. While one has experienced an impressive economic growth performance, the other seemed to take a slower path. One popular argument says that the answer lies on China's success on attracting foreign capital. This argument is supported by some stylized facts related to the explanation for a country's attractiveness for foreign capital.The main idea of this essay is that China's relative success over India is a result of its unique characteristics. The purpose of this essay is to deliver supporting arguments for such hypothesis by analyzing the stylized facts. The readers should note that the scope of this essay is the internal determinants of the relatively different speeds of reforms, rather than the policy analysis.The essay is presented in three parts. The first part reviews the identical conditions which both countries shared in the beginning. The second part shows the different success stories. The third part is the comparison of some unique conditions which influenced the different outcomes of development. "

"ABSTRACTTahun 2045 merupakan waktu dimana Indonesia memiliki potensi untuk berkembang pesat dikarenakan fenomena bonus demografi. Perkembangan tersebut tentunya sangat erat kaitannya dengan pertumbuhan ekonomi. Dikarenakan, Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan, pembagian wilayah pengembangan menjadi enam koridor yaitu Sumatra, Jawa, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali-Nusa Tenggara, dan Papua-Kepulauan Maluku, yang telah dilakukan pada Masterplan Percepatan Perluasan Pembanguan Ekonomi Indonesia MP3EI menjadi solusi terbaik. Salah satu faktor yang paling penting yang berperan dalam pertumbuhan ekonomi suatu negara ialah dukungan sektor industri. Untuk menciptakan pengembangan industri yang merata, diperlukan tema pengembangan di masing-masing koridor melalui beberapa tahapan analisis yaitu, 1 Sumatra sebagai National Plantation and Processing Industry Corridor, 2 Jawa sebagai Cyber Technology Innovation and Service Center Corridor, 3 Kalimantan sebagai National Energy Reserves and Processing Corridor, 4 Sulawesi sebagai National Aquaculture and Processing Industry Corridor, 5 Bali-Nusa Tenggara sebagai National Ecotourism Center Corridor, 6 Papua-Kepulauan Maluku sebagai National Ore Mining and Processing Corridor. Namun, untuk mengembangkan industri secara berkelanjutan dibutuhkan pengembangan infrastruktur sebagai katalisator pengembangan. Untuk memperbesar dampak pengembangan industri tersebut terhadap pertumbuhan ekonomi, dibutuhkan infrastruktur yang tidak biasa. Infrastruktur itu disebut smart infrastructure, yang memiliki beberapa prinsip jika diaplikasikan di bidang industri yaitu, sustainable, integrated, smart energy dan adaptive, yang apabila dirancang menggunakan metode benchmarking sesuai dengan permasalahan dan potensi yang ada di setiap koridor membutuhkan dana investasi sekitar Rp, 559,675,115,933,400.00. Rancangan pengembangan tersebut perlu harus diprioritaskan pembangunannya dengan tiga indikator yaitu waktu, biaya, dan dampak pengembangan yang tentunya akan dibandingkan dengan rancangan jangka panjang infrastruktur utama berupa transportasi jalan, rel, pelabuhan, bandar udara, ketersediaan listrik dan ICT.

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ABSTRACTIndonesia has the big potential to grow rapidly due to the demographic bonus factor in 2045. These developments very closely related to economic growth. But, due to the fact that Indonesia is an archipelagic country, the division of development areas into six corridors, namely Sumatra, Java, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, Bali Nusa Tenggara and Papua Maluku Islands that has been implemented in the Masterplan for Acceleration and Expansion of Indonesia rsquo s Economic Development MP3EI became the best solution. One of the most important factors that contribute to country rsquo s economic growth, is the industrial sector support. To make an equitable that industrial development, it rsquo s necessary to create a development theme in each corridor through several stages of analysis that generated 1 Sumatra as National Plantation and Processing Industry Corridor, 2 Java as Cyber Technology Innovation and Service Center Corridor, 3 Kalimantan as National Energy Reserves and Processing Corridor, 4 Sulawesi as National Aquaculture and Processing Industry Corridor, 5 Bali Nusa Tenggara as National Ecotourism Center Corridor, 6 Papua Maluku Islands as National Ore Mining and Processing Corridor. However, for sustainable industrial development, infrastructure development is needed as a development catalyst. To enlarge the impact of the industry 39 s development on economic growth, it takes an unusual infrastructure. That is smart infrastructure that has some principal if applied in industrial sector, such as sustainable, integrated, smart energy and adaptive, that were designed by using benchmarking modification, that need investment cost about IDR. 559,675,115,933,400.00. That development plan need to be analyzed to make a priority plan based on three indicators, such as time, cost and development impact which will certainly be compared with the long term development plan of core infrastructure in the form of road, rail, port, airport, electricity, and ICT."