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"Wasting adalah suatu keadaan kekurangan gizi akut yang banyak terdapat di daerah dengan sosial ekonomi rendah yang dapat disebabkan oleh asupan nutrisi yang inadekuat dan adanya penyakit Di Indonesia prevalensi wasting pada tahun 2010 adalah 13 3 sementara prevalensi wasting di DKI Jakarta pada tahun 2010 adalah 11 3 Wasting dapat mengakibatkan berbagai permasalahan serius pada anak bahkan dapat meningkatkan risiko kematian anak Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui prevalensi anak berisiko wasting pada santri usia 3 9 tahun di Pesantren Tapak Sunan dan faktor faktor yang berhubungan Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional di Pesantren Tapak Sunan Jakarta Timur yang melibatkan 28 anak laki laki dan 22 anak perempuan Data diambil pada tanggal 19 Januari 2011 yaitu jenis kelamin usia tinggi badan dan berat badan Data dianalisis dengan program SPSS menggunakan uji Fischer Exact Test Hasilnya menunjukkan prevalensi anak berisiko wasting di Pesantren Tapak Sunan adalah 12 Selain itu anak laki laki memiliki risiko wasting yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan anak perempuan dan anak pada kelompok usia 3 6 tahun memiliki risiko wasting yang lebih besar dibandingkan dengan anak pada kelompok usia 7 9 tahun Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara anak berisiko wasting dengan jenis kelamin p 0 160 demikian juga dengan kelompok usia p 0 616 Disimpulkan prevalensi anak berisiko wasting di pesantren Tapak Sunan tergolong cukup tinggi dan perlu mendapat perhatian.

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Wasting is a malnutrition which can be found mostly in an area with low sosioeconomic level which can be caused by inadequate nutrition and disease The prevalence of wasting in Indonesia is 13 3 in 2010 In the same year the prevalence of wasting in DKI Jakarta is 11 3 Wasting can caused many serious problems for children Moreover it can increase the children's death risk

The goal of this study is to know the prevalence of wasting risk in students aged 3 9 years in Tapak Sunan boarding school and its related factors This study uses cross sectional design in Tapak Sunan Boarding School East Jakarta involving 28 boys and 22 girls The data was taken on 19th January 2011 by examining sex age height and weight The data was processed by SPSS using Fischer Exact Test

The result shows that the wasting risk prevalence in Tapak Sunan Boarding School is 12 In addition boys have a bigger risk for wasting than girls while the 3 6 years old children have a bigger risk for wasting than the 7 9 years old children There isn't any association between wasting risk and sex P 0 160 and there isn't any association between wasting risk and age cluster either P 0 616 In conclusion the children with wasting risk prevalence in Tapak Sunan Boarding School is high enough and needs a serious attention."

"Jumlah kasus risiko stunting di Indonesia pada tahun 2008 adalah 33 2 dari total jumlah anak di Indonesia tahun 2011 dinyatakan sepertiganya tergolong stunting Stunting merupakan kurang gizi yang kronis terjadi sejak dalam kandungan dan awal kelahiran sehingga dapat teridentifikasi pada usia tertentu Dampak dari stunting adalah produktifitas menjadi rendah ketika dewasa sehingga berpengaruh pada kemajuan bangsa Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui prevalensi risiko stunting dan hubungannya dengan usia dan jenis kelamin guna menentukan tindakan untuk menangani masalah tersebut Rancangan penelitian ini adalah studi cross sectional Data yang dikumpulkan pada tanggal 19 Januari 2011 di Pesantren Tapak Sunan Condet berupa data antropometri tinggi badan anak usia 3 9 tahun Data selanjutnya dianalisis untuk mengetahui hubungan usia dan jenis kelamin dengan risiko stunting Hasilnya menunjukkan dari 50 subjek 28 laki laki dan 22 perempuan 4 anak berisiko stunting yakni usia 3 6 tahun sebanyak 1 anak 2 3 dan usia 7 9 tahun 3 anak 42 9 2 laki laki 7 1 dan 2 perempuan 9 1 Berdasarkan uji chi square disimpulkan terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara usia dengan risiko stunting p 0 001 namun tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara jenis kelamin dengan risiko stunting p 0 801 Adanya hubungan antara usia dengan resiko stunting karena pada usia 3 9 tahun terdapat perlambatan pertumbuhan sehingga kemungkinan untuk munculnya risiko stunting yang telah terjadi sejak dalam kandungan atau lahir lebih teridentfikasi.

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The prevalence of stunting risk in Indonesia on 2008 is 33 2 while in 2011 of all children in Indonesia one third of them is classified as stunted Stunting is a chronic nutrition disorder which happened since pregnancy and new born baby that caused stunting can be detected in any period age Stunting lowers the children productivity after they grow into adults and affects the national development

The aim of this research is to know the prevalence of stunting risked children and its relation with age and sex so the problem can be solved This research used cross sectional design The data which was collected on 19 January 2011 is an anthropometric data in this term body height from children aged 3 9 years old Then the data was analyzed to determine the relation between the age cluster and sex with stunting risk From 50 children 28 boys and 22 girls observed the result shows that 4 children are at risk of stunting one's 3 6 years old age cluster child 2 3 and three's 7 9 years old age cluster children 42 9 besides that 2 boys 7 1 and 2 girls 9 1 are at risk of stunting

By using chi square test we can conclude that there is a significant association between age cluster and risk of stunting p 0 001 but there isn't any significant association between sex and risk of stunting p 0 801 The relationship of age and stunting risked in 3 9 years old is caused by the children growth deceleration in that period is easier to be identified."

"Tujuan : Mengetahui pengaruh suplementasi vitamin B6, B12 dan asam folat terhadap kadar homosistein plasma pada lansia dalam rangka mengurangi risiko terjadinya aterosklerosis.Tempat : Panti werdha Santa Anna - Jakarta.Bahan dan cara : penelitian eksperimental pra dan pasca suplementasi vitamin B6 (10 mg), B12 (400 µg) dan asam folat (1 mg) yang diberikan per oral, sekali sehari selama 6 minggu, terhadap 10 subyek lansia (60 tahun) yang telah memenuhi kriteria penerimaan dan penolakan. Data yang dikumpulkan meliputi data non nutrisi, data nutrisi, data antropametri, status vitamin B6, kadar vitamin B12 serum dan asam folat serum dan kadar homosistein plasma.Hasil : Pada pra suplementasi, diketahui prevalensi subyek dengan hiperhomosisteinemia tipe ringan sebesar 70%. Prevalensi defisiensi vitamin B6 (KA ASATE>I,40), 812 (<258 pmol/L) dan asam folat (<15 nmo/L) adalah 30%,30% dan 90%. Prevalensi defisiensi vitamin B6, B12 dan asam folat pada subyek dengan hiperhomosisteinemia adalah 14%, 43% dan 85%. Pada pasca suplementasi didapatkan perbaikan pada seluruh hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium secara bermakna (p<0,05) yaitu penurunan KA ASATE 11,68%, kenaikan kadar vitamin B12 serum 111,75%, kenaikan kadar asam folat serum 139,05% dan penurunan kadar homosistein plasma 36,68%.Kesimpulan : Suplementasi vitamin B6, B12 dan asam folat terbukti secara efektif dan elision dapat memperbaiki status vitamin dan menurunkan kadar homosistein plasma secara bermakna pada seluruh subyek penelitian.

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Objective : To identify the effect of vitamin B6, B12 and folate supplementation to plasma homocysteine concentration of elderly people in respect of minimizing atherosclerosis risks.Place :Panri werdha Santa Anna - Jakarta.Materials and Methods :Experimental study of pre and post oral supplementation of vitamin B6 (10 mg), B12 (400 }1g) and folate (1 mg), once a day for 6 weeks continuously applied to 10 elderly subjects NO years) passing through pre-defined inclusion criteria. Relevant information and data was collected through questionnaire, field observation and laboratory measurement which comprise of ages, sex, education, anthropometrics, dietary intake, food frequency amount, food habits, vitamin B6, B12 and folate status and finally plasma homocysteine concentration.Results :During pre-supplementation, 70% of subjects was classified as moderate hyperhomocysteinemia. Cut off points to define deficiency vitamin status are erytrocyte aspartate aminotransferase activity coefficient (EAST-AC) >1,40 for vitamin B6 , serum vitamin B12 and folate concentrations were <258 pmol/L and <15 nmol/L respectively. The overall prevalence of deficiencies vitamin B6, B12 and folate status were 30%, 30% and 90% respectively. The prevalence of deficiencies vitamin B6, B12 and folate status in hyperhomocysteinemia subjects were 14%, 43% and 85% respectively. During post supplementation, no more vitamins deficiencies subjects was detected. Post supplementation laboratory measurement indicate the following significant improvement (p<0,05) on EAST-AC reduction 11,68%, serum vitamin B12 concentration improvement to 111,75%, serum folate concentration improvement to 139,05% and reduction of plasma homocysteine concentration of 36,68%.Conclusion :Supplementation of vitamin B6, B12 and folate are effectively and significantly improve both vitamin status and plasma homocysteine concentration level of all subjects."

"Anemia has long been recognized as a serious public health problem in many developing countries. WHO reported at an INACG meeting and estimated that 2 billion people were anemic. Based on the public health viewpoint, most cases of anemia are nutritional anemia and defined in the year 1968 WHO technical report as a condition in which the hemoglobin content of the blood is lower than normal as a result of a deficiency of one or more essential nutrients, regardless ofthe cause of such deficiency.The causal relationship between iron deficiency and physical work capacity is evaluated through a systematic review of research literature, including animal and human studies. The presumed mechanism for this effect is the reduced oxygen transport associated with anemia; tissue iron deficiency may also play a role through reduced cellular oxidative capacity.The effects of anemia on physical activities and work performance have been studied in several countries such as Indonesia and China. A study in Indonesia found a significantly lower output of anemic Indonesian rubber plantation workers than the non-anemic workers. The Vietnam national survey in anemia l995 revealed that the prevalence of anemia was 40.2 % among non-pregnant women; it was also high among males around 20 %), whereas the prevalence of iron deficiency among non pregnant women was not very high (33.3 %). Therefore, multivitamin supplementation may reduce the anemia prevalence among Vietnamese non pregnant workers. Some main problems of an anemia control program (in scale of 113 districts of Vietnam) were side effects and the unpleasant taste of iron tablets; it caused the low compliance of iron tablet consumption. On the other hand, multi vitamin tablets have no side effect and have a palatable taste, thus it may be well accepted."

"ABSTRAKHasil dari studi menunjukkan adanya variasi tempat tinggal terhadapkejadian SCOWT di daerah urban dan rural dengan MOR 2,2 dan 1,3. Setelahkarateristik anak dan ibu dimasukkan ke dalam model terjadi penigkatan MORpada daerah urban dan rural menjadi (MOR untuk karakteristik anak 2,6 dan 2.0dan MOR untuk karakteristik ibu 2,7 dan 2,5). Tidak ada dari komunitaskarakteristik yangbisa menerangkan kejadian SCOWT pada komunitas. Olehkarena itu, peran dari komunitas perlu dieksplorasi lebih jauh denganmenggunakan analisa multilvel. Untuk menghambat beban ganda masalah gizipada daerah urban dan rural, lingkungan post natal dan prenatal harus menjaditarget intervensi.

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ABSTRACTMultilevel logistic regression was performed to investigate the differencesin potential explanatory factors of SCOWT pairs.Without considering anycovariates there was a community level variance in explaining SCOWT in urbanand rural regions. The MOR for SCOWT in both regions was 2.2 and 1.3. Afterinclusion of child characteristics the MOR became 2.6 and 2.0. After beingadjusted with maternal characteristics the MOR became 2.7 and 2.5. None of thecommunity characteristics in the study explain the variation of SCOWT atcommunity. The roles of community characteristics with multilevel analysis needfurther exploration. To tackle the double burden of malnutrition in both regions,the prenatal and postnatal intervention supposed to be considered."

"Salah satu masalah kekurangan gizi pada balita yang menjadi prioritas utama adalahstunting. Stunting pada balita diakibatkan oleh kekurangan gizi kronis mulai dari awalperkembangan dimana konsekuensinya bersifat permanen. Permasalahan stunting dapat menimbulkan efek jangka panjang pada individu dan masyarakat, termasuk berkurangnya perkembangan kognitif, fisik, kemampuan produktif dan kesehatan yang buruk, serta peningkatan risiko penyakit degeneratif. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita di Provinsi Sumatera Barat tahun 2017. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder Pemantauan Status Gizi Provinsi Sumatera Barat dengan desain penelitian cross sectional dan jumlah sampel 6421 balita. Pengolahan dan analisis data menggunakan uji chi-square bivariat dan uji regresi logistik ganda model prediksi multivariat. Hasil uji statistik menunjukkan ada hubungan yang bermakna antara umur balita, jenis kelamin, tinggi badan ibu, pendidikan ibu, jumlah anggota rumah tangga dan wilayah tempat tinggal dengan stunting pada balita. Umur balita merupakan faktor yang paling dominan dengan kejadian stunting pada balita. Disarankan adanya dukungan kebijakan peningkatan anggaran program perbaikan gizi masyarakat dalam upaya penanggulangan masalah stunting dan menyusun kegiatan program sesuai dengan kebutuhan di lapangan serta memperhatikan kebutuhan gizi anak sesuai dengan tahapan umur.

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One of the nutritional problems in children under five is the main priority is stunting.Stunting in toddlers is caused by chronic malnutrition from the beginning ofdevelopment where the consequences are permanent. Stunting problems can have longtermeffects on individuals and communities, including reduced cognitive, physical, productive and poor health, and an increased risk of degenerative diseases.

The purpose of this study was to determine factors related to stunting incidence in toddlers in West Sumatera Province in 2017. This study uses secondary data Monitoring Nutrition Statusof West Sumatera Province with cross sectional study design and 6421 children underfive years old. Processing and data analysis using chi square test bivariate andmultiple logistic regression test prediction model multivariate.

The result of statistical test shows that there is a significant relationship between toddler age, sex, mother 39 sheight, mother education, number of household member and residence area withstunting in children. Toddler age is the most dominant factor with stunting incidence intoddlers.

It is recommended to support the improvement of public nutrition improvement program budget in the effort to overcome the problem of stunting andarrange the program activity according to the need in the field and pay attention to the nutritional requirement of children according to the age stage."

"This cross sectional study was conducted on 304 elderly, aged 55 years and over, who were randomly selected at the Public Health Center levels in South Jakarta. The prevalence of CHD risk factors for the total population indicated by dyslipidemia and abdominal over fatness in this study were high (76% and 48°1o, respectively). Differences between gender were found with respect to body fat distribution as determinant of serum lipid profiles. In the elderly women, AHR were positively correlated with serum triglycerides and total cholesterol (p<0.05) but not in the elderly men. Energy, fat and cholesterol intakes did not show correlation with any serum lipid status in this population group. Energy intake of the elderly was low. Percent energy from fat and cholesterol intake were in accordance with the Indonesian Consensus of Dyslipidemia and NCEP (National Cholesterol Education Program). Generally, the elderly men and women had similar scores for several aspects of later life status. However cognitive function, well being, and later life status in the elderly men were higher than those in the elderly women. It was demonstrated that there was a significant negative association between physical activity score and selected serum lipid profiles (TC and TG), especially in the elderly women. Similar findings were also observed for social activity scores. No associations were found between alcohol consumption and serum lipid profiles in this study. On the other hand, smoking which was prevalent in the elderly men contributed to the elevation of serum triglycerides concentration. "

"Latar belakang. CAPD merupakan modalitas dialisis yang berkembang di Indonesia. Status nutrisi dianggap sebagai salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi kesintasan pasien CAPD. Indonesia belum memiliki data mengenai status nutrisi pasien CAPD, serta faktor-faktor yang berkorelasi dengan status nutrisi pada kelompok pasien tersebut. Tujuan. Mengetahui faktor-faktor yang berkorelasi dengan status nutrisi pada pasien CAPD. Metode. Penelitian potong lintang dilaksanakan di poliklinik CAPD RSCM dan RS PGI Cikini bulan Desember 2012 sampai Mei 2013. Status nutrisi dinilai dengan Malnutrition Inflammation Score. Inflamasi didapatkan dari pemeriksaan hsCRP. Asidosis metabolik didapatkan dari pemeriksaan HCO3 vena. Asupan energi dan protein harian didapatkan dari analisis food record dengan menggunakan program FP2. Usia dan lama menjalani CAPD didapatkan dari kartu identitas dan rekam medis. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan metode Pearson atau Spearman/Kendall. Analisis tidak dilanjutkan ke analisis multivariat karena distribusi status nutrisi sebagai variabel tergantung tidak normal. Hasil. Dari 44 subjek penelitian, didapatkan 75% subjek penelitian memiliki status nutrisi baik. Rerata usia 48,4+12,6 tahun. Median lama menjalani CAPD adalah 20,5 bulan (2-94 bulan) dan median kadar hsCRP sebesar 2,8 mg/L (0,2-204,2 mg/L). Rerata kadar HCO3 sebesar 25,2+2,3 mEq/L. Rerata asupan energi adalah 37,3+ 9,3 kkal/kg/hari dan rerata asupan protein 1,0+ 0,3 gram/kg/hari. Faktor inflamasi berkorelasi dengan status nutrisi pada pasien CAPD (r=0,433; p=0,003). Simpulan. Faktor yang berkorelasi dengan status nutrisi pada pasien CAPD adalah inflamasi. Korelasi antara usia, lama menjalani CAPD, asupan energi dan protein serta asidosis metabolik dengan status nutrisi belum dapat dibuktikan pada penelitian ini.

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Background. CAPD is a developing dialysis modality in Indonesia. Nutritional status is considered as one of determinant factor in CAPD patients survival. There is no data regarding nutrional status and correlated factors with nutritional status in CAPD patients in Indonesia.

Objectives. To know correlated factors with nutritional status in CAPD patients.

Methods. A cross sectional study was conducted in CAPD clinic at Cipto Mangunkusumo and Cikini Hospital during December 2012 until May 2013. Nutritional status was determined by Malnutrition Inflammation Score, inflammation by hsCRP and metabolic acidosis by vein HCO3. DEI and DPI were determined by food record analysis by using FP2 program. Age and dialysis vintage were based on identity card and medical record. Statistical analysis was performed by using Pearson or Spearman/Kendall methods. Multivariat analysis can't be done in this study because of the distribution abnormality of nutritional status as independent variable.

Results. Out of 44 subjects, the nutritional status of 75% subjects was found good. Mean age was 48.4+12.6 years old. Dialysis vintage median was 20.5 (2-94) months and hsCRP level median was 2.8 (0.2-204.2) mg/L. Mean HCO3 level was 25.2+2.3 mEq/L. Mean DEI was 37.3+9.3 kcal/kg/d and mean DPI was 1.0+0.3g/kg/d. Inflammation is correlated with nutritional status in CAPD patients (r=0.433 ; p=0.003).

Conclusion. Factors that correlated with nutritional status in CAPD patients is inflammation. Correlation between age, dialysis vintage, DEI, DPI and metabolic acidosis with nutritional status can not be determined yet in this study."