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Angelina Vitria
"ABSTRAK
Tesis ini membahas tentang gambaran penyebaran kanker ovarium melalui sirkulasi peritoneum di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai data dasar untuk evaluasi apakah surgical staging perlu rutin dilakukan pada semua pasien kanker ovarium yang secara klinis stadium dini mengingat biaya yang harus dikeluarkan oleh pasien. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian dengan desain deskriptif.Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan proporsi penyebaran kanker ovarium jenis epitel pada cairan peritoneum sebanyak 12 kasus 24 dari 50 kasus dengan proporsi hasil sitologi positif pada cairan ascites sebanyak 9 kasus 18 dan proporsi hasil sitologi positif pada bilasan peritoneum sebanyak 3 kasus 6 . Proporsi penyebaran kanker ovarium jenis epitel pada peritoneum sebanyak 10 kasus 20 dari keseluruhan subyek dengan proporsi penyebaran pada peritoneum parakolika dan prevesika sebanyak 3 kasus 6 , proporsi penyebaran pada peritoneum kavum Douglas sebanyak 2 kasus 4 . Namun tidak semua kasus dilakukan biopsi diafragma. Pada penelitian ini hanya ada 1 kasus yang dilakukan biopsi diafragma sehingga perhitungan proporsi penyebaran pada diafragma sulit untuk dievaluasi.Proporsi penyebaran kanker ovarium jenis epitel pada omentum sebanyak 8 kasus 16 dari keseluruhan subyek. Penyebaran pada peritoneum, omentum, dan cairan peritoneum paling sering terjadi pada jenis histopatologi serosa derajat tinggi dan rendah. Dan semakin tinggi stadium maka penyebaran yang terjadi pada peritoneum dan omentum lebih sering terjadi. Sedangkan untuk diferensiasi cenderung tersebar merata pada seluruh derajat.

ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the epithelial ovarian cancer spreading through peritoneal circulation at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital so that it can be used as baseline data to evaluate whether surgical staging needs to be routinely performed in all clinically early stage ovarian cancer patients considering costs incurred by patients. This research used descriptive design and data collection process was performed at medical record department of Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.From data collected from 2006 to 2016, there were 2.711 cases of epithelial ovarian cancer but only 50 cases were clinically early stage and had data of peritoneal biopsy results. The proportion of epithelial ovarian cancer spreading through peritoneal fluid were 12 cases 24 , peritoneum were 10 cases 20 , and omentum were 8 cases 16 of all subjects.The macroscopic proportion of negative nodules with positive peritoneal biopsy results were 1 out of 40 cases 2.5 while the macroscopic proportion of negative nodules with positive omental biopsy results were 3 out of 45 cases 6.7 . The proportion of peritoneal washing with positive cytology results were 3 out of 26 cases 11.5 . The spreading on the peritoneum, omentum, and peritoneal fluid most commonly occurs in high and low grade serous types. The higher the stage, the spreading occurs in peritoneum and omentum is more frequently. While for differentiation, it tends to spread evenly on all grades. "
2017
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Risa Risfiandi
"ABSTRAK
TUJUAN : Mengetahui insiden metastasis kanker ovarium epitelial yang dilakukan pembedahan primer pada kelenjar getah bening pelvik, paraaorta dan pelvik/paraaorta di RSCM periode Januari 2009 Desember 2015. LATAR BELAKANG : Tatalaksana mengenai limfedenektomi pada kanker ovarium masih merupakan kontroversi. Adanya kekurangan data penelitian prosfektif ataupun RCT tentang patologi antomi merupakan penyebab kontroversi tatalaksana limfedentomi. Namun sampai saat ini sejak 1998 FIGO mengatakan bahwa limfedenektomi pelvik dan paraaorta merupakaan bagian terintegrasi yang tidak dapat dipisahkan pada surgical staging kanker ovarium. Namun penelitian mengenai limfedenektomi masih terbatas, sampai saat belum menemukan adanya publikasi penelitian insiden metastasis kanker ovarium epitelial pada kelenjar getah bening di RSCM. METODE Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian potong lintang, data diambil dari rekam medis, dari data kanker register didapatkan 1584 daftar rekam medik, namun didapatkan 401 pasien kanker ovarium, dan 306 yang ekslusi, didapatkan 55 data yang masuk kriteria inklusi. HASIL Dari 55 sampel yang dilakukan pembedahan primer pada kanker ovarium tipe epitel. Penyebaran kelenjar getah bening pada kanker epitel ovarium yang dilakukan pembedahan primer pada KGB paraaorta adalah 20 , pelvik 9.1 dan pelvik/paraaorta 23,6 . KESIMPULAN : 1. Insiden metastasis KGB kanker epitel ovarium pada paraaorta sebanyak 20 , pelvik 9,1 dan pada pelvik/paraaorta 23,6 di RSCM dari tahun 2009-2015.. 2. Semakin tinggi stadium, maka semakin tinggi keterlibatan KGB pelvik dan paraaorta . 3. Pada subtipe serosum lebih banyak menyebabkan keterlibatan pada KGB pelvik dan paraaorta . 4. Semakin buruk derajat differensiasinya, maka semakin tinggi keterlibatan pada KGB paraaorta . 5. Pada stadium I subtipe musinosum derajat difensiasi baik dengan keterlibatan pada KGB yang minimal sehingga dapat lebih selektif dalam mempertimbangkan risk dan benefit dari limfedenektomi

ABSTRACT
AIM To evaluate the incidence of pelvic and paraaortic lymph node metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer underwent primary surgery in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital from Januari 2009 to December 2015. BACKGROUND The definitive objective of lymphadenectomy in ovarian cancer is still controversial due to the lack of prospective research or randomized controlled trial. Since 1998, FIGO has stated that pelvic and paraaorta lymphadenectomy are part of ovarian cancer surgical staging. But, there is still limited research and still not published the incidence of pelvic and paraaortic lymph node metastasis of epithelial ovarian cancer underwent primary surgery in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. METHODS This research is cross sectional from medical records, the INASGO cancer registry. A hundred fifty four medical records were included but we found only 401 ovarian cancer, 306 data were excluded and 55 data were included. RESULTS From 55 epithelial ovarian cancer patients underwent the primary surgery, there are 20 metastasis to paraortic lymph node, 9,1 metastasis to pelvic lymph node, and 23,6 metastasis to both. CONCLUSION 1. Lymph node metastases incident of ovarian epithelial cancer in paraorta amounts 20 , pelvic 9.1 and pelvic or paraortic 23.6 2. Higher the stadium, the lymph node involvements will be higher as well pelvic and paraortic 3. In serous subtype, there is more incidents of lymph node involvements pelvic and paraaortic 4. If the differentiation type is worse, there will be higher rate of pelvic and paraaortic lymph node involvement. 5. In stadium 1 of mucinous subtype with well differentation has minimal lymph node involvement so we can be more selective in considering the risk and benefit of lymphadenectomy. The suggestion is the advanced research needs to be done prospectively by increase the number of samples for finding the metastatic factors to lymph node more accurately. "
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2016
T58863
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Jan Halmaher Amili
"Latar belakang: Kanker ovarium menyumbang 152.000 kematian di seluruh dunia setiap tahun. Apendik merupakan organ intraperitoneal yang rentan terhadap metastasis oleh kanker epitel ovarium. Penentuan keterlibatan apendik merupakan salah satu penentu surgical staging. Surgical staging yang optimal merupakan sebuah kunci untuk tatalaksana setelah operasi serta memperoleh prognosis yang baik, serta peningkatan respon tatalaksana kemoterapi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini dilakukan untuk melihat keterlibatan apendiks pada pasien-pasien dengan kanker epitel ovarium di RSCM yang menjalani pembedahan primer.
Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi metastasis kanker epitelial ovarium ke apendiks yang dilakukan pembedahan primer di RSCM
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang menggunakan data rekam medis pasien kanker ovarium epitelial yang menjalani pembedahan primer dan apendiktomi pada bulan juli 2009-juli 2019 di RSCM Jakarta yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi, dan dilakukan pengambilan data secara acak
Hasil: Didapatkan 80 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Dari 80 subjek penelitian, dengan rerata usia 48 tahun. Sebanyak 43 subjek (53,8%) sebagai stadium I, 7 subjek (8,8%) sebagai stadium II, 30 subjek (37,5%) stadium III, dan tidak terdapat stadium IV (0%). Dari 80 subjek yang menjalani apendiktomi, didapatkan 8 subjek (10%) anak sebar ke apendiks, 19 subjek (23,8 %) apendisitis kronis, 53 subjek (66,3%) tidak terdapat anak sebar. Dari 8 subjek yang terdapat anak sebar ke apendik dengan temuan histologi 4 musinosum, 2 serosum, 2 endometroid. Sebanyak enam dari delapan subjek terdiagnosis pada stadium klinis stadium III dan dua lainnya pada stadium klinis satu. Dua subjek yang terdiagnosis dari stadium klinis satu memiliki temuan histologi musinosum.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat 10 persen pasien kanker epitelial ovarium yang dilakukan pembedahan primer di RSCM memiliki metastasis ke apendiks yang terbagi atas jenis musinosum, serosum, dan endometrioid. Oleh karena itu, apendektomi dapat dipertimbangkan dilakukan pada pembedahan baik stadium awal maupun stadium lanjut.

Background: Around 152,000 women were death every year because of ovarian cancer. Appendix is an intraperitoneal organ which prone to ovarian epithelial cancer metastasis. Appendix involvement is one of surgical staging scoring. Optimal surgical staging is one of key point to determine post operation treatment, accurate prognosis, and better chemotherapy response. This research was done to see appendix involvement from primary surgery in ovarian epithelial cancer at RSCM Aim: To determine prevalence of metastasis to the appendix from primary surgery in ovarian epithelial cancer at RSCM Method: This cross sectional study used ovarian epithelial cancer patient medical record which primary surgery and appendectomy were conducted on July 2009-July 2019 at RSCM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were counted and consecutive random sampling were used. Result: Eighty subjects which were taken from inclusion and exclusion criteria has average age on 48 years old. Out of 80, 43 subjects (53.8%) were defined as stadium I patient, 7 subjects (8.8%) as stadium II, 30 subjects (37.5%) as stadium III, and none of them as stadium IV. Appendectomy were done and eight subjects (10%) has metastasis to the appendix. On the other hand, 19 subjects (23.8%) have chronic appendicitis and 53 subjects (66.3%) doesn't have metastasis to the appendix. From eight subjects which has appendix involvement, four were defined have mucinous histology, two serous, and two endometrioid. Six out of eight were diagnosed at clinical stadium III and two were diagnosed at stadium I. These two stadium I subjects has mucinous histology. Conclusion: There are 10 percent appendix metastases from primary surgery in ovarian epithelial cancer at RSCM which consist of mucinous, serous, and endometrioid histological types. Based on this research, appendectomy can be considered done on surgery whether in early or late stadium."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2019
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Jan Halmaher Amili
"Latar belakang: Kanker ovarium menyumbang 152.000 kematian di seluruh dunia
setiap tahun. Apendik merupakan organ intraperitoneal yang rentan terhadap
metastasis oleh kanker epitel ovarium. Penentuan keterlibatan apendik merupakan
salah satu penentu surgical staging. Surgical staging yang optimal merupakan
sebuah kunci untuk tatalaksana setelah operasi serta memperoleh prognosis yang
baik, serta peningkatan respon tatalaksana kemoterapi. Oleh karena itu, penelitian
ini dilakukan untuk melihat keterlibatan apendiks pada pasien-pasien dengan
kanker epitel ovarium di RSCM yang menjalani pembedahan primer.
Tujuan: Mengetahui prevalensi metastasis kanker epitelial ovarium ke apendiks
yang dilakukan pembedahan primer di RSCM
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang menggunakan data rekam
medis pasien kanker ovarium epitelial yang menjalani pembedahan primer dan
apendiktomi pada bulan juli 2009-juli 2019 di RSCM Jakarta yang memenuhi
kriteria inklusi, dan dilakukan pengambilan data secara acak
Hasil: Didapatkan 80 subjek penelitian yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan
eksklusi. Dari 80 subjek penelitian, dengan rerata usia 48 tahun. Sebanyak 43
subjek (53,8%) sebagai stadium I, 7 subjek (8,8%) sebagai stadium II, 30 subjek
(37,5%) stadium III, dan tidak terdapat stadium IV (0%). Dari 80 subjek yang
menjalani apendiktomi, didapatkan 8 subjek (10%) anak sebar ke apendiks, 19
subjek (23,8 %) apendisitis kronis, 53 subjek (66,3%) tidak terdapat anak sebar.
Dari 8 subjek yang terdapat anak sebar ke apendik dengan temuan histologi 4
musinosum, 2 serosum, 2 endometroid. Sebanyak enam dari delapan subjek
terdiagnosis pada stadium klinis stadium III dan dua lainnya pada stadium klinis
satu. Dua subjek yang terdiagnosis dari stadium klinis satu memiliki temuan
histologi musinosum.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat 10 persen pasien kanker epitelial ovarium yang dilakukan
pembedahan primer di RSCM memiliki metastasis ke apendiks yang terbagi atas
jenis musinosum, serosum, dan endometrioid. Oleh karena itu, apendektomi dapat
dipertimbangkan dilakukan pada pembedahan baik stadium awal maupun stadium
lanjut.

Background: Around 152,000 women were death every year because of ovarian
cancer. Appendix is an intraperitoneal organ which prone to ovarian epithelial
cancer metastasis. Appendix involvement is one of surgical staging scoring.
Optimal surgical staging is one of key point to determine post operation treatment,
accurate prognosis, and better chemotherapy response. This research was done to
see appendix involvement from primary surgery in ovarian epithelial cancer at
RSCM
Aim: To determine prevalence of metastasis to the appendix from primary surgery
in ovarian epithelial cancer at RSCM
Method: This cross sectional study used ovarian epithelial cancer patient medical
record which primary surgery and appendectomy were conducted on July 2009-July 2019 at RSCM. Inclusion and exclusion criteria were counted and consecutive
random sampling were used.
Result: Eighty subjects which were taken from inclusion and exclusion criteria has
average age on 48 years old. Out of 80, 43 subjects (53.8%) were defined as stadium
I patient, 7 subjects (8.8%) as stadium II, 30 subjects (37.5%) as stadium III, and
none of them as stadium IV. Appendectomy were done and eight subjects (10%)
has metastasis to the appendix. On the other hand, 19 subjects (23.8%) have chronic
appendicitis and 53 subjects (66.3%) doesnt have metastasis to the appendix. From
eight subjects which has appendix involvement, four were defined have mucinous
histology, two serous, and two endometrioid. Six out of eight were diagnosed at
clinical stadium III and two were diagnosed at stadium I. These two stadium I
subjects has mucinous histology.
Conclusion: There are 10 percent appendix metastases from primary surgery in
ovarian epithelial cancer at RSCM which consist of mucinous, serous, and
endometrioid histological types. Based on this research, appendectomy can be
considered done on surgery whether in early or late stadium."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2019
SP-pdf
UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Febian Nathania
"Latar Belakang: Omentum merupakan tempat metastasis yang paling sering pada kanker ovarium jenis epitel. Selain sebagai tempat metastasis utama, omentum memiliki  peran imunologi. Omentum memiliki kemampuan mengkolonisasi penyebaran sel kanker dengan terbentuknya omental caking. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara faktor klinikopatologi dengan metastasis di omentum pada kanker ovarium jenis epitel. Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan desain penelitian potong lintang. Populasi penelitian adalah pasien dengan kanker ovarium jenis epitel yang dilakukan pembedahan di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo antara tanggal 1 Januari 2010 sampai dengan 31 Desember 2017. Hasil : Terdapat hubungan antara tipe serosa dan tipe musinosa, nodul omental, dan CA 125 dengan metastasis pada omentum (OR 1,7, IK 95% 24,1-47,7; p = 0,002, OR 14,5, IK 95% 2,5-82,2; p = 0,002, OR 61, IK 95% 11,4-324,8; p <0,01, dan OR 3,5, IK 95% 1,2-9,7; p = 0,013). Analisis multivariat menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis musinosa dengan metastasis di omentum (aOR 9.71, IK 95% 1.11-84.89; p = 0,04) dan antara nodul omentum dan metastasis di omentum (aOR 40.92, IK 95% 6.64-251.96; p <0,01). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara metastasis di omentum pada kanker ovarium epitel dengan tipe histologi musinosa dan nodul pada omentum.
Background: Aside from being a major metastatic site in epithelial type ovarian cancer, omentum has an immunological role. Omentum has the ability to colonize the spread of cancer cells by forming omental caking. This study aims to determine the relationship between clinicopathology factors with metastasis in omentum in epithelial type ovarian cancer. Methods: The study used cross-sectional study design. Subjects were patients diagnosed with epithelial type ovarian cancer who underwent surgery at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital between January 2010 and December 2017. Result: There was an association between serous as well as mucinous type, omental nodules, and between CA 125 and metastasis in omentum (OR 1.7, CI 95% 24.1-47.7; p = 0.002, OR 14.5, CI 95% 2.5-82.2; p = 0.002, OR 61, CI 95% 11.4-324.8; p <0.01, and OR 3.5, CI 95% 1.2-9.7; p = 0.013). Multivariate analysis demonstrated a significant association between mucinous types with metastases in the omentum (aOR 9.71, CI 95% 1.11-84.89; p = 0.04) and between the omental nodules and metastases in the omentum (aOR 40.92, CI 95% 6.64-251.96 ; p <0.01). Conclusion: There is a relationship between metastasis in the omentum in epithelial ovarian cancer with mucinous histology type and nodules in the omentum."
Depok: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2018
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Adithya Welladatika
"Latar Belakang: Kanker ovarium merupakan kanker kedelapan tersering, terhitung hampir 4% dari semua kanker pada perempuan di dunia. Kanker ovarium memiliki prognosis yang buruk dan angka kematian tertinggi. Setiap tahunnya terdapat 225.000 perempuan yang terdiagnosis kanker ovarium dan 140.000 perempuan meninggal disebabkan oleh penyakit ini. Berdasarkan jumlah tersebut, 90% kasus merupakan kanker ovarium epitelial. Bila berdasarkan stadium, lebih banyak pasien datang terdiagnosis dengan kanker ovarium stadium lanjut dibandingkan dengan stadium dini. Hal ini dikarenakan kanker ovarium bersifat asimtomatik, onset gejala yang terlambat dan belum adanya skrining yang terbukti efektif untuk kanker ovarium. Tujuan utama pengobatan kanker stadium lanjut adalah memperpanjang waktu untuk bertahan hidup dengan kualitas hidup yang baik dan tata laksana standarnya adalah operasi sitoreduksi. Di RSCM, evaluasi kesintasan dari pasien kanker ovarium epitelial stadium lanjut yang menjalani operasi sitoreduksi belum dianalisis.
Tujuan: Mengetahui kesintasan pasien kanker ovarium stadium lanjut yang menjalani operasi sitoreduksi di RSCM dan juga mengetahui kesintasannya berdasarkan hasil histopatologi dan pemberian kemoterapi ajuvan.
Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektif dengan menggunakan data dari rekam medis. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan cara consecutive sampling. Subjek penelitian adalah semua pasien kanker ovarium epitelial stadium lanjut yang menjalani operasi sitoreduksi pada bulan Januari 2013-Januari 2015 di RSCM.
Hasil: Dari 48 subjek yang diteliti, didapatkan sebanyak 23 (48%) subjek menjalani operasi sitoreduksi optimal dan 25 (52%) subjek menjalani operasi sitoreduksi suboptimal. Didapatkan kesintasan 5 tahun pada pasien yang menjalani operasi sitoreduksi optimal sebesar 43,5%, sedangkan untuk sitoreduksi suboptimal sebesar 32%. Pada pasien yang menjalani operasi sitoreduksi optimal, yang diberikan kemoterapi ajuvan didapatkan kesintasan 5 tahun sebesar 40%, sedangkan pada pasien yang tidak diberikan sebesar 46,2%. Pada pasien yang menjalani operasi sitoreduksi suboptimal, yang diberikan kemoterapi ajuvan didapatkan kesintasan 5 tahun sebesar 40%, sedangkan pada pasien yang tidak diberikan sebesar 20%. Pada pasien dengan hasil histopatologi seromusinosum didapatkan kesintasan 5 tahun sebesar 100%, sedangkan untuk serosa, musinosa, endometrioid dan sel jernih berturut-turut sebesar 50%, 33,3%, 25%, dan 21,4%.
Kesimpulan: Operasi sitoreduksi optimal memiliki kesintasan 5 tahun yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan operasi sitoreduksi suboptimal. Operasi sitoreduksi suboptimal dan tidak dilanjutkan dengan pemberian kemoterapi ajuvan memiliki kesintasan yang buruk. Jenis histopatologi seromusinosum memiliki kesintasan yang lebih baik dibandingkan dengan jenis serosum, musinosum, endometrioid dan sel jernih.

Background: Ovarian cancer is the eighth most common cancer, almost 4% of all cancers in women in the world. Ovarian cancer has a poor prognosis and the highest mortality rate. Every year 225,000 women are diagnosed with ovarian cancer and 140,000 women die from this disease. Based on this number, 90% of cases are epithelial ovarian cancer. Based on stadium, more patients diagnosed with advanced-stage ovarian cancer compared with early stage, because ovarian cancer is asymptomatic, delayed onset and there is no screening that has proven effective for ovarian cancer. The standard management for advanced stage ovarian cancer is debulking surgery. At RSCM, evaluation of survival of advanced stage epithelial ovarian cancer patients who were performed debulking surgery has not been analyzed.
Objective: Knowing the survival of patients with advanced-stage ovarian cancer who underwent debulking surgery at RSCM and also knowing their survival based on histopathological results and adjuvant chemotherapy.
Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study using data from medical records. Sampling was done by consecutive sampling. The subjects of this study were all patients with advanced-stage epithelial ovarian cancer patients who were performed debulking surgery in January 2013-January 2015 at RSCM.
Results: From the 48 subjects, 23 (48%) subjects were performed optimal debulking surgery and 25 (52%) subjects were performed suboptimal debulking surgery. Overall survival in patients undergoing optimal debulking surgery is 43.5% with a median survival rate of 39 months, while for suboptimal debulking surgery is 32% with a median survival rate of 29 months. In patients who underwent optimal cytoreduction surgery, those given adjuvant chemotherapy obtained a overall survival is 40%, whereas in patients who were not given is 46.2%. In patients who underwent suboptimal cytoreduction surgery, those who were given adjuvant chemotherapy found a overall survival rate of 40%, whereas in patients who were not given is 20%. In patients with histopathological results seromucinous obtained 5-year survival by 100%, while for serous, mucous, endometrioid and clear cells simultaneously were 50%, 33.3%, 25%, and 21.4%.
Conclusion: Optimal debulking surgery has a better 5-year survival compared to suboptimal debulking surgery. Suboptimal cytoreduction surgery and not followed by adjuvant chemotherapy has poor survival. The histopathological type of seromucinous has better survival compared with the types of serous, mucinous, endometrioid and clear cells.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2020
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UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Yayi Dwina Bilianti Susanto
"[ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Interpretasi cairan peritoneum yang tepat secara sitopatologi sangat
mempengaruhi tatalaksana dan prognosis pasien, padahal pemeriksaan sitopatologi cairan
peritoneum masih memiliki nilai negatif palsu dan positif palsu yang cukup tinggi, dan
hingga saat ini penelitian tentang arsitektur sitopatologi maupun penanda sitomorfologi yang
mengarahkan pada adanya sel neoplasma di cairan peritoneum masih menunjukkan hasil
yang beragam.
Bahan dan cara kerja: Penelitian potong lintang dengan data sekunder berupa slaid
dan formulir sediaan sitopatologi cairan peritoneum yang memiliki data berpasangan dengan
diagnosis histopatologi. Diagnosis klinis berupa neoplasma epitelial ovarium. Slaid dan
formulir diambil dari arsip Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM tahun 2011 ? 2012,
dilakukan pembacaan ulang semua slaid sitopatologi dengan diagnosis akhir dikategorikan
sebagai positif atau negatif, peneliti membaca pula sediaan histopatologi untuk mengetahui
morfologi sel pada lesi, kemudiaan dilakukan penilaian terhadap arsitektur sitopatologi
berupa: selularitas, sel berkelompok, struktur papiler, intercelular windows, group contours,
jisim psamoma, dan penanda sitomorfologi berupa: atipia inti, inti bertumpuk, anak inti,
rasio inti:sitoplasma, ukuran inti, dan ukuran sel.
Hasil penelitian: Sampel penelitian sejumlah 47 sediaan sitopatologi dengan
diagnosis sitopatologi akhir 34 kasus (72.3%) negatif, 13 kasus (27.7%) positif. Terdapat
perbedaan bermakna arsitektur sitopatologi berupa: selularitas (p = 0.017), sel berkelompok
(p = 0.001), intercellular windows (p = 0.00), group contours (p = 0.00), dan gambaran
sitomorfologi berupa: atipia inti (p = 0.00), inti bertumpuk (p = 0.001), anak inti (p = 0.001),
rasio inti:sitoplasma (p = 0.00), ukuran inti (p = 0.00), ukuran sel (p = 0.00) antara cairan
peritoneum positif dan negatif. Melalui uji multivariat didapatkan penanda yang paling
berpengaruh terhadap diagnosis sitopatologi positif atau negatif yaitu: intercellular windows,
atipia inti, dan selularitas.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat tiga penanda yang paling berpengaruh terhadap diagnosis
positif ditemukannya sel neoplasma ganas dalam cairan peritoneum pada kasus dengan lesi
ovarium, secara berturut - turut yaitu: tidak ditemukannya intercellular windows pada
kelompokan sel, sel memiliki atipia inti sedang hingga berat, dan selularitas lebih dari 20
kelompok dari keseluruhan sediaan apus.

ABSTRACT
Background : Peritoneal fluid cytopathology interpretation profoundly influences patients
management and prognosis, however this practice still has high false positive and false
negative value, and until now research concerning the architectural and cytomorphology
features for detecting malignant cells in peritoneal fluid still has various result.
Materials and Methods : Cross sectional study using secondary data of peritoneal fluid
cytopathology and histopathology slides and form, from patients with clinical diagnosis of
ovarian epithelial neoplasm. The data was taken from the archive of Anatomical Pathology
Department Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital 2011 ? 2012. The researchers examined the
cytopathology slides and also examined the histopatology slide for morphology comparison,
and then make a final cytopathological diagnosis of positive peritoneal fluid containing
neoplastic cells or negative. Architectural features including: cellularity, cells grouping,
papillary structure, intercellular windows, group contours, psamoma bodies, and
cytomorphology features including: nuclear atypia, overlapping nuclei, nucleoli, nuclei :
cytoplasm ratio, the dimension of the nuclei and cells were also examined.
Result : There were 47 samples with final cytopathology diagnosis: 34 cases (72.3%)
negative for neoplastic cells in the peritoneal fluid and 13 cases (27.7%) positive. There were
significant differences in cytopathology architectural including cellularity (p = 0.017), cells
grouping (p = 0.001), intercellular windows (p = 0.00), group contours (p = 0.00) and
cytomorphology features including nuclear atypia (p = 0.00), overlapping nuclei (p = 0.001),
nucleoli (p =0.001), nuclei : cytoplasm ratio (p = 0.00), the dimension of nuclei (p = 0.00),
the dimension of cell (p = 0.00) between the positive and negative peritoneal fluid
cytopathology. Using multivariate analysis there were 3 cytological features that have the
strongest association with positive or negative peritoneal cytopathology diagnosis, they were:
intercellular windows, nuclear atypia, and cellularity.
Conclusion: In peritoneal fluid cytopathology for examining ovarian lesion there were 3
cytological features that have the strongest association with finding neoplastic cells in
peritoneal fluid, they were: the absent of intercellular windows, moderate to severe
cytological atypia, and cellularity more than 20 groups in all smear preparation, Background : Peritoneal fluid cytopathology interpretation profoundly influences patients
management and prognosis, however this practice still has high false positive and false
negative value, and until now research concerning the architectural and cytomorphology
features for detecting malignant cells in peritoneal fluid still has various result.
Materials and Methods : Cross sectional study using secondary data of peritoneal fluid
cytopathology and histopathology slides and form, from patients with clinical diagnosis of
ovarian epithelial neoplasm. The data was taken from the archive of Anatomical Pathology
Department Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital 2011 – 2012. The researchers examined the
cytopathology slides and also examined the histopatology slide for morphology comparison,
and then make a final cytopathological diagnosis of positive peritoneal fluid containing
neoplastic cells or negative. Architectural features including: cellularity, cells grouping,
papillary structure, intercellular windows, group contours, psamoma bodies, and
cytomorphology features including: nuclear atypia, overlapping nuclei, nucleoli, nuclei :
cytoplasm ratio, the dimension of the nuclei and cells were also examined.
Result : There were 47 samples with final cytopathology diagnosis: 34 cases (72.3%)
negative for neoplastic cells in the peritoneal fluid and 13 cases (27.7%) positive. There were
significant differences in cytopathology architectural including cellularity (p = 0.017), cells
grouping (p = 0.001), intercellular windows (p = 0.00), group contours (p = 0.00) and
cytomorphology features including nuclear atypia (p = 0.00), overlapping nuclei (p = 0.001),
nucleoli (p =0.001), nuclei : cytoplasm ratio (p = 0.00), the dimension of nuclei (p = 0.00),
the dimension of cell (p = 0.00) between the positive and negative peritoneal fluid
cytopathology. Using multivariate analysis there were 3 cytological features that have the
strongest association with positive or negative peritoneal cytopathology diagnosis, they were:
intercellular windows, nuclear atypia, and cellularity.
Conclusion: In peritoneal fluid cytopathology for examining ovarian lesion there were 3
cytological features that have the strongest association with finding neoplastic cells in
peritoneal fluid, they were: the absent of intercellular windows, moderate to severe
cytological atypia, and cellularity more than 20 groups in all smear preparation]"
2015
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Yayi Dwina Bilianti Susanto
"Latar belakang: Interpretasi cairan peritoneum yang tepat secara sitopatologi sangat mempengaruhi tatalaksana dan prognosis pasien, padahal pemeriksaan sitopatologi cairan peritoneum masih memiliki nilai negatif palsu dan positif palsu yang cukup tinggi, dan hingga saat ini penelitian tentang arsitektur sitopatologi maupun penanda sitomorfologi yang mengarahkan pada adanya sel neoplasma di cairan peritoneum masih menunjukkan hasil yang beragam.
Bahan dan cara kerja: Penelitian potong lintang dengan data sekunder berupa slaid dan formulir sediaan sitopatologi cairan peritoneum yang memiliki data berpasangan dengan diagnosis histopatologi. Diagnosis klinis berupa neoplasma epitelial ovarium. Slaid dan formulir diambil dari arsip Departemen Patologi Anatomik FKUI/RSCM tahun 2011 - 2012, dilakukan pembacaan ulang semua slaid sitopatologi dengan diagnosis akhir dikategorikan sebagai positif atau negatif, peneliti membaca pula sediaan histopatologi untuk mengetahui morfologi sel pada lesi, kemudiaan dilakukan penilaian terhadap arsitektur sitopatologi berupa: selularitas, sel berkelompok, struktur papiler, intercelular windows, group contours, jisim psamoma, dan penanda sitomorfologi berupa: atipia inti, inti bertumpuk, anak inti, rasio inti:sitoplasma, ukuran inti, dan ukuran sel.
Hasil penelitian: Sampel penelitian sejumlah 47 sediaan sitopatologi dengan diagnosis sitopatologi akhir 34 kasus (72.3%) negatif, 13 kasus (27.7%) positif. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna arsitektur sitopatologi berupa: selularitas (p = 0.017), sel berkelompok (p = 0.001), intercellular windows (p = 0.00), group contours (p = 0.00), dan gambaran sitomorfologi berupa: atipia inti (p = 0.00), inti bertumpuk (p = 0.001), anak inti (p = 0.001), rasio inti:sitoplasma (p = 0.00), ukuran inti (p = 0.00), ukuran sel (p = 0.00) antara cairan peritoneum positif dan negatif. Melalui uji multivariat didapatkan penanda yang paling berpengaruh terhadap diagnosis sitopatologi positif atau negatif yaitu: intercellular windows, atipia inti, dan selularitas.
Kesimpulan: Terdapat tiga penanda yang paling berpengaruh terhadap diagnosis positif ditemukannya sel neoplasma ganas dalam cairan peritoneum pada kasus dengan lesi ovarium, secara berturut - turut yaitu: tidak ditemukannya intercellular windows pada kelompokan sel, sel memiliki atipia inti sedang hingga berat, dan selularitas lebih dari 20 kelompok dari keseluruhan sediaan apus.

Background : Peritoneal fluid cytopathology interpretation profoundly influences patients management and prognosis, however this practice still has high false positive and false negative value, and until now research concerning the architectural and cytomorphology features for detecting malignant cells in peritoneal fluid still has various result.
Materials and Methods : Cross sectional study using secondary data of peritoneal fluid cytopathology and histopathology slides and form, from patients with clinical diagnosis of ovarian epithelial neoplasm. The data was taken from the archive of Anatomical Pathology Department Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital 2011 - 2012. The researchers examined the cytopathology slides and also examined the histopatology slide for morphology comparison, and then make a final cytopathological diagnosis of positive peritoneal fluid containing neoplastic cells or negative. Architectural features including: cellularity, cells grouping, papillary structure, intercellular windows, group contours, psamoma bodies, and cytomorphology features including: nuclear atypia, overlapping nuclei, nucleoli, nuclei : cytoplasm ratio, the dimension of the nuclei and cells were also examined.
Result : There were 47 samples with final cytopathology diagnosis: 34 cases (72.3%) negative for neoplastic cells in the peritoneal fluid and 13 cases (27.7%) positive. There were significant differences in cytopathology architectural including cellularity (p = 0.017), cells grouping (p = 0.001), intercellular windows (p = 0.00), group contours (p = 0.00) and cytomorphology features including nuclear atypia (p = 0.00), overlapping nuclei (p = 0.001), nucleoli (p =0.001), nuclei : cytoplasm ratio (p = 0.00), the dimension of nuclei (p = 0.00), the dimension of cell (p = 0.00) between the positive and negative peritoneal fluid cytopathology. Using multivariate analysis there were 3 cytological features that have the strongest association with positive or negative peritoneal cytopathology diagnosis, they were: intercellular windows, nuclear atypia, and cellularity.
Conclusion: In peritoneal fluid cytopathology for examining ovarian lesion there were 3 cytological features that have the strongest association with finding neoplastic cells in peritoneal fluid, they were: the absent of intercellular windows, moderate to severe cytological atypia, and cellularity more than 20 groups in all smear preparation."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Caecilia Herawati S.R. Dewi
"Latar belakang: Kanker ovarium merupakan penyebab kematian kelima terbanyak karena kanker pada wanita. Diperlukan uji diagnostik preoperatif dan intraoperatif yang tajam dan akurat untuk menurunkan morbiditas dan mortalitas karena kanker ovarium.
Tujuan: Mengetahui nilai diagnostik RMI, Skor Purwoto, dan potong beku terhadap pemeriksaan histopatologi pada tumor ovarium suspek ganas.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) dari data sekunder yang berasal dari 114 rekam medis pasien suspek keganasan ovarium yang menjalani pembedahan antara bulan Januari 2010 hingga Desember 2010 di RSCM.
Hasil: Nilai diagnostik untuk RMI adalah sensitivitas 85%, spesifisitas 63%, NDP 68%, NDN 82%, RKP 2,29, RKN 0,23, akurasi 74%, dan AUC 0,800. Nilai diagnostik untuk Skor Purwoto adalah sensitivitas 80%, spesifisitas 59,3%, NDP 65%, NDN 76%, RKP 1.97, RKN 0,34, akurasi 69%, dan AUC 0,780. Nilai diagnostik untuk potong beku adalah sensitivitas 93%, spesifisitas 98%, NDP 98%, NDN 94%, RKP 54,7, RKN 0,07, akurasi 96%, dan AUC 0,968.
Kesimpulan: RMI dan skor Purwoto dapat digunakan untuk evaluasi diagnostik keganasan ovarium praoperatif. Meskipun telah dilakukan evaluasi kemungkinan keganasan praoperatif, tetap diperlukan pemeriksaan potong beku. Hasil evaluasi RMI dan Skor Purwoto jinak dapat ditatalaksana di pusat pelayanan dengan fasilitas yang tidak memerlukan surgical staging. Meskipun hasil evaluasi RMI dan skor Purwoto jinak sebaiknya tetap dilakukan pemeriksaan potong beku untuk menyingkirkan kemungkinan keganasan yang masih belum dapat dibuktikan dengan pasti melalui evaluasi praoperatif.

Introduction: Ovarian cancer is the fifth leading cause of death from cancer in women. The sharp and accurate preoperative and intraoperative diagnostic tests are needed in reducing morbidity and mortality due to ovarian cancer.
Purpose: This study aims to determine the diagnostic value of RMI, Purwoto Score, and frozen section compared to histopathologic examination in suspected malignant ovarian tumors.
Methods: This study used cross-sectional design of secondary data from the medical records of 114 patients with suspected ovarian malignancy who underwent surgery between January 2010 and December 2010 at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital.
Results: The diagnostic value for RMI are sensitivity 85%, specificity 63%, PPV 68%, NPV 82%, positive likelihood ratio 2.29, negative likelihood ratio 0.23, accuracy 74%, and AUC 0,800. Diagnostic value for Purwoto Score are sensitivity 80%, specificity 59.3%, PPV 65%, NPV 76%, positive likelihood ratio 1.97, negative likelihood ratio 0.34, accuracy 69%, and AUC 0.780. Diagnostic value of frozen section are sensitivity 93%, specificity 98%, PPV 98%, NPV 94%, positive likelihood ratio 54.7, negative likelihood ratio 0.07, accuracy 96%, and AUC 0.968.
Conclusion: RMI and Purwoto Score can be used for preoperative diagnostic evaluation of ovarian malignancies. Although it has been performed preoperative evaluation of malignancy, is still required frozen section examination. Benign case of RMI and Purwoto Score can be managed at the service center with facilities that do not require surgical staging and still need to be confirmed with frozen section examination to rule out malignancy that still has not been proven with certainty through preoperative evaluation.
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2013
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