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"Kemitraan pemerintah-swasta mengatur dan menyediakan layanan universal telekomunikasi di perdesaan selalu mendapat tantangan, bahkan mengalami kegagalan. Penelitian ini tertarik menjelaskan governabilitydengan perspektif alternatif tata-kelola sebagai implikasi teori aktor-jaringan, yang kemudian memberikan alternatif perbaikan di masa akan datang. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap aktor-aktor yang terlibat dalam layanan telekomunikasi suara dan pesan pendek di desa-desa Lebak Banten Indonesia. Dengan studi asosiasi, strategi follow the actordan examine inscriptiondapat mengidentifikasi dan menginvestigasi aktor-aktor terlibat maupun aktor-aktor yang seharusnya terlibat, serta relasi antar mereka. Informan dipilih terdiri dari aktor-aktor yang pernah terlibat, ditambah dengan informan yang memahami keberlangsungan dan seluk beluk layanan tersebut. Penelitian ini menemukan governabilitytidak berlangsung terus-menerus, berhenti di tengah jalan dan tidak membawa evolusi layanan universal telekomunikasi kepada mekanisme pasar, disebabkan semua aktor memberi dampak pelemahan governability. Penelitian ini membangun perspektif alternatif lebih komprehensif melihat governability. Teknologi layanan sebagai aktor, meletakkan governabilitysebagai rakitan socio-techno. Aktor-aktor saling terikat dari hulu mengalir ke hilir, meletakkan governabilitysebagai aktor-jaringan hulu-hilir. Kehadiran aktor tengah dalam konteks pemerintahan multilevel, meletakkan governabilitysebagai aktor-jaringan N-level. Aktor-aktor bergerak dinamis dengan latar kepentingan mereka, meletakkan governabilitymelakukan proses translasi. Dengan perspektif alternatif dan pelajaran praktis governability maka alternatif perbaikan dilakukan dengan rekayasa formasi aktor-aktor dan penguatan regulasi dan inskripsi lainnya. Ke depan, governabilitydan perspektif alternatif ini dapat dikembangkan kembali dalam studi tata-kelola publik, dan pengembangan solusi praktis pada sektor publik lain.

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Public-Private Partnerships PPPs in the provision of universal telecommunication services in rural areas are always getting a challenge and even failures. This study is explaining governability in an alternative perspective of governance as an implication of Actor-Network Theory which can provide an alternative solution for improvements in the future. In addition, the study was conducted for the actors involved in telecommunication service as voice and short messages in villages, Lebak Banten, West Java, Indonesia. With an association study; strategies for following the actor and examine inscription could identify and investigated the actors involved and who should be involved, as well as the relationships among them. The informants were selected consisting of the actors who had been involved and the informants who understood the continuity and details of the service. The study found that governability did not operate continuously, stopped in the middle of the project and did not offer any evolution of universal telecommunication service to the market mechanism. This is because of all actors contributed to weakening the governability. The research builds an alternative perspective of seeing the governability more comprehensive. The technology as an actor has placed the governability as a socio-techno assembly. Actors are tied together from upstream to downstream, position the governability as a downstream-downstream actor. The presence of middle actors in the context of multilevel governance has put the governability as an N-level actor-network. Actors move dynamically with their background of interest, establishing governability into the translation process. With alternative perspectives and practical governability lessons, then alternative improvements are made by engineering the formation of actors and the strengthening of regulation and other inscriptions. In the future, the governability and alternative perspectives can be expanded in the study of public governance, and the development of practical solutions in other public sectors."

"ABSTRAKTeknologi hari ini memegang peranan penting di masyarakat. Begitu pula laboratorium sebagai situs terciptanya teknologi. Actor-network theory (ANT) merupakan pendekatan sosiologi yang mencoba meneliti relasi teknologi dan masyarakat. Namun pendekatan ANT di Indonesia masih minim diterapkan secara spesifik untuk studi laboratorium. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan jejaring-aktor di Laboratorium Struktur dan Material Teknik Sipil Universitas Indonesia menggunakan pendekatan ANT dengan konsep translasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa laboratorium disusun baik oleh aktor manusia ?ahli yang otoritatif, juga aktor non-manusia di antaranya gedung dan peralatan atau mesin. Selain itu dalam menjalankan performanya, laboratorium menjalin asosiasi dengan jejaring-aktor lainnya seperti pihak publik/bisnis dan institusi akademik. Dengan menggunakan ANT, dapat diidentifikasi aktor-aktor dalam laboratorium juga interplay-nya dengan asosiasi lain. Hal tersebut beguna untuk strategi ke depan untuk mengembangkan laboratorium, sekaligus ilmu pengetahuan dan teknologi di Indonesia.

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ABSTRACT

Today technology holds a crucial role within society. So does laboratory as the site where technology is being made. Actor-network theory (ANT) comes as one of the sociological approaches that analyzes the technology-society relations. However, ANT as an approach is rarely being used to specificly study laboratories. Therefore, this research aims to describe actor-network at Laboratorium Struktrur dan Material Teknik Sipil Universitas Indonesia using ANT approach with the concept of translation. The reasearch approach in this study is qualitative method. This research found that laboratory assembled not only by human actors ?authoritative experts, but also non-human actors such as building and equipments or machines. Besides, in its performance, laboratory is establishing an association with other actor-networks like public/business and academic institution. By using ANT, laboratory actors and its interplay with other associations can be identified. Those findings are useful to formulte further strategy in developing laboratories, technology and sciences in Indonesia."

"Tesis ini membahas peran aktor yang terlibat dalam  mewujudkan kedaulatan data di Indonesia dengan melihat keterkaitan dan relasi  manusia dan non manusia dalam praktiknya melibatkan teknologi. Selain itu, penelitian ini menggunakan konsep kedaulatan data untuk memahami pengolahan informasi yang sesuai dengan praktik, hukum dan kebutuhan suatu negara. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan paradigma postpositivis. Metode penelitian ini yaitu multi-metode dengan menggunakan strategi penelitian studi kasus (case study) dan penelitian aksi (action research) dengan Soft System Methodology (SSM). Temuan dari penelitian ini menunjukkan kedaulatan data di Indonesia disebabkan oleh lima hal yaitu kognisi, regulasi, infrastruktur, ekonomi dan kepercayaan. Berdasarkan model yang terbentuk diketahui jika dalam penerapan kedaulatan data perlu ditetapkan klasifikasi yang jelas antara data pribadi dan data publik yang boleh disampaikan dan yang di rahasiakan. Terdapat sebuah jaringan antara aktor manusia dan aktor non-manusia untuk membentuk kedaulatan data dengan berorientasi pada nilai ekonomi dan keamanan data. Dalam upaya perwujudannya diperlukan regulasi yang mengatur aturan penerapan dan jaminan keamanan terhadap data.

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This thesis discusses the role of actors involved in realizing data sovereignty in Indonesia by looking at the relationships and relationships of humans and non-humans in practice involving technology. Besides, this study uses the concept of data sovereignty to understand information processing by the practice, law, and needs of a country. This research uses a qualitative approach with a postpositivist paradigm. This research method is multi-method using case study and action research with Soft System Methodology (SSM). The findings of this study indicate the sovereignty of data in Indonesia is caused by five things namely cognition, regulation, infrastructure, economy, and trust. Based on the model formed, it is known that in the application of data sovereignty, it is necessary to establish clear classifications between private data and public data that may be submitted and which are kept confidential. There is a network between human actors and non-human actors to form data sovereignty oriented towards economic value and data security. It is needed regulations that regulate the rules of application and guarantee of security against data."

"Penelitian ini fokus pada jaringan komunikasi termediasi teknologi yang dimanfaatkan jurnalis untuk mengumpulkan berita. Jaringan komunikasi termediasi teknologi berupa mailing list menjadi medium berbagi untuk mengatasi keterbatasan aktor manusia di tengah semakin banyaknya aktor, agensi dan aktan berupa ketidakpastian dalam jaringan. Ini berdasarkan konstruksi aktor yang mengetahui biografi jaringan, maupun aktor yang tidak mengalami jaringan awal. Proses di mana aktor bergabung dalam jaringan dipandang sebagai tindakan translasi. Dalam Teori Jaringan Aktor, translasi sebagai sebuah proses assembling meliputi problematisasi, interessement, enrollment, mobilisasi, dan inskripsi. Translasi juga melibatkan banyak aktor, agensi dan aktan sehingga lebih banyak melibatkan proses berbagi. Keberhasilan translasi ditandai dengan upaya mempertahankan jaringan berbagi aktor lewat pembentukan jaringan baru melalui translasi. Penelitian kualitatif ini ingin mengetahui cara jurnalis mengkonstruksi jaringan, serta alasan melakukan assembling dan mempertahankan hubungan.

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This study focuses on technology-mediated communication network used by journalists to gather news (newsgathering). Technology-mediated communication network in the form of a mailing list is a sharing medium to overcome the limitations of the human actors in the middle of the increasing number of actors, agencies and actant in form of uncertainty in the network. It is based on the actors? construction who knows the biography of the network, as well as the actors who did not experience the initial network. The process by which an actor joins the network is seen as a translation. In the Actor-Network Theory, translation phase as a process of assembling human actors and non-human actors includes problematization, interessement, enrollment, mobilization, and inscriptions. Translation also involves more actors on it, whether human actors, non-human actors, agency, and actant. In other words, more sharing is done. The success of translation is characterized by the efforts to maintain actor-sharing network through translation of new networks. This qualitative research is also to find out how journalists construct a network, as well as the reasons for assembling and maintaining relationships."

"Banyak pembangunan kota-kota baru yang dibangun oleh perusahaan swasta di Indonesia. Pembangunan kota baru ini melalui transfer teknologi dari luar negeriyang menggunakan konsep komunitas tergerbang. Demikian pula dengan Alam Sutera sebagai permukiman komunitas tergerbang yang memiliki insfrastuktur yang lengkap dan memiliki tingkat penjualan yang tinggi. Kehadiran Komunitas tergerbang alam sutra ini berdampingan dengan keberadaan kampung di kawasan sekitarnya dikarenakan adanya proses pembebasan lahan yang dilakukan olehpengembang yang mengakusisi lahan kampung. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui implikasi kehadiran perumahan tergerbang Alam Sutera bagikawasan kampung di sekitarnya.Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif melalui pendekatan studi kasus. Penleitian ini juga menggunakan prinsip Actor-network theory. Penelitian ini berada pada wilyah studi di Kampung Kandang Sapi dan Kampung Dongkal, Kelurahan Pakualam, Kota Tangerang Selatan yang berada di sekitar komunitastergerbang Alam Sutera.Penelitian ini menemukan kehadiran komunitas tergerbang Alam Sutera yang memiliki tembok dan gerbang yang berupa pos penjagaan menggangu kehidupan warga kampung di sekitarnya. Selain itu, adanya fasilitas umum dan fasilitas sosial pada perumahan tergerbang dapat meningkatkan hubungan dengan kampung. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan Actor-network theory ditemukanberbagai macam aktor baik manusia dan non manusia terlibat dalam relasi komunitas tergerbang dan kampung yang berada di sekitarnya. Sehingga kedepannya dalam membangun perumahan khususnya komunitas tergerbangperlu adanya aturan untuk melihat kembali lokalitas pada kawasan perkotaan khususnya perkampungan di sekitarnya.

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Many new urban development settlements built by private Companies in Indonesia. The development of this new cities is using gated community concept through technology transfer from foreign. Similarly, Alam sutera as gated community of settlement has complete infrastructure and higher selling level. The presence of this alam sutera rsquo;s gated community is adjacent to the existance Kampong in its surround because of the land acquisition process carry out by the developers who acquired by kampong land. The purpose of this research is to find the implication of alam sutera rsquo;s gated community for the Kampong in the surrounding area.

This research uses qualitative method through case study approach. The research also uses the principle of Actor-network theory. This research is located in the study area in the village of Kandang sapi and Dongkal, Pakualam District, South Tangerang City which is located around Alam sutra lsquo;s gated community.This research was found the presence of Alam Sutera rsquo;s gated community which have walls and gates, there built guard posts which disrupt the life of the local people. In addition, the existence of public and social facilities at gated may improve the interconnection with kampong in its surround. By using the Actor-network theory approach found various actors both human and non human involved in the relation to gated community and Kampong. Then in building residance for the future, particularly the gated community needed a regulation to consider the locality in urban areas, particularly Kampong. Many new urban development settlements built by private Companies in Indonesia. The development of this new cities is using gated community concept through technology transfer from foreign. Similarly, Alam sutera as gated community of settlement has complete infrastructure and higher selling level. The presence of this alam sutera rsquo s gated community is adjacent to the existance Kampong in its surround because of the land acquisition process carry out by the developers who acquired by kampong land. The purpose of this research is to find the implication of alam sutera rsquo s gated community for the Kampong in the surrounding area.This research uses qualitative method through case study approach. The research also uses the principle of Actor network theory. This research is located in the study area in beetwen kampong of Kandang sapi and Dongkal, Pakualam District, South Tangerang City which is located around Alam sutra lsquo s gated community.

This research was found the presence of Alam Sutera rsquo s gated community which have walls and gates, there built guard posts which disrupt the life of the local people. In addition, the existence of public and social facilities at gated may improve the interconnection with kampong in its surround. By using the Actor network theory approach found various actors both human and non human involved in the relation to gated community and Kampong. Then in building residance for the future, particularly the gated community needed a regulation to consider the locality in urban areas, particularly Kampong. "

"Tesis ini membahas Strategi Implementasi Penyediaan Pusat Layanan Internet Kecamatan (PLIK) Pada Pelaksanaan Kewajiban Pelayanan Universal Telekomunikasi (KPU/USO) di Indonesia, sebagai rekomendasi dalam implementasi kebijakan PLIK. Lingkup penelitian menitikberatkan pada faktorfaktor yang berpengaruh terhadap keberhasilan implementasi PLIK. Penelitian ini adalah menggunakan data yang dikumpulkan dari hasil kuesioner kepada instansi yang berwenang dan pakar yang kompeten, serta studi literature dari berbagai sumber, seperti Undang-undang dan regulasi terkait maupun bahan bacaan lainnya dari buku dan website, dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis SWOT. Hasil penelitian ini adalah berupa strategi prioritas implementasi PLIK dan beberapa alternatif strategi untuk mendukung PLIK dengan memperhatikan faktor-faktor kekuatan, kelemahan, peluang dan tantangan dalam penyelenggaraan PLIK.

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The focus of this research is implementation of strategy for PLIK sector for designing RPJMN II on Kewajiban Pelayanan Universal Telekomunikasi (KPU/USO) in Indonesia, as a recommendation in implementation of PLIK policy. The scope of this study are many factors that affect the successful of PLIK implementation. This research use data and information from questionnaire result to government and literature study from many sources, such as presentation from regulator, the law which related with this study and also other sources from book and website, that using SWOT analyze. The result of this study is strategy priority for PLIK implementation and also some of strategy alternative to support PLIK that attend many factors like strengths, weaknesses, opportunity and threats (SWOT)."

"The multiple signal demixing and parameter estimation problems that result from the impacts of background noise and interference are issues that are frequently encountered in the fields of radar, sonar, communications, and navigation. Research in the signal processing and control fields has always focused on improving the estimation performance of parameter estimation methods at low SNR and maintaining the robustness of estimations in the presence of model errors. This book presents a universal and robust relaxation estimation method (RELAX), and introduces its basic principles and applications in the fields of classical line spectrum estimation, time of delay estimation, DOA estimation, and radar target imaging. This information is explained comprehensively and in great detail, and uses metaphors pertaining to romantic relationships to visualize the basic problems of parameter estimation, the basic principles of the five types of classical parameter estimation methods, and the relationships between these principles. The book serves as a reference for scientists and technologists in the fields of signal processing and control, while also providing relevant information for graduate students in the related fields."

"ABSTRAKKetersediaan air semakin sulit karena penduduk terus bertambah sedangkan sumber daya air tetap. Kabupaten Lebak merupakan wilayah dengan rezim hujan barat yang memiliki iklim lebih basah dari pantai timur di Pulau Jawa, serta potensi sumber daya air yang cukup banyak. Sulit air terjadi pada musim kemarau panjang. Awal musim kemarau dan awal musim hujan ditentukan dengan metode De Boer. Digunakan data curah hujan periode 30 tahun (1986 – 2015) dengan 13 titik stasiun. Pola spasial wilayah sulit air didapat dari overlay antara interpolasi durasi musim kemarau rata-rata dan tingkat kekeringan rata-rata. Variabel jenis batuan, jenis tanah, ketinggian, dan lereng digunakan untuk mengetahui dominasi karakter fisik dari wilayah sulit air. Pola spasial wilayah sulit air rata-rata tahunan dibandingkan dengan pola tahun 2015. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pola spasial wilayah sulit air di Kabupaten Lebak semakin ke utara dan selatan semakin tinggi. Wilayah ini didominasi oleh jenis batuan endapan tersier, jenis tanah latosol, wilayah ketinggian 0 – 100 mdpl, dan kelerengan landai (< 8%). Durasi musim kemarau dan tingkat kekeringan tahun 2015 dari rata-rata tahunan menunjukkan pola yang berbeda. Desa-desa yang mengalami sulit air tahun 2015 cenderung akibat penyimpangan tingkat kekeringan yang tinggi.

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ABSTRACTWater availability becomes more difficult due to the population growth while the source of water remains constant. Lebak is a region with western rain regime that has a wetter climate of the east coast of Java, as well as the potential of water resources is quite a lot. Water scarcity occurs during the dry season. The beginning of the dry season and the beginning of rainy season is determined by the method of De Boer. Rainfall data used a period of 30 years (1986 – 2015) with 13 stations. Spatial pattern of water scarcity area is obtained by performing overlay between the interpolation of dry season duration average and the interpolation of dryness level average. Rock types, soil types, elevation, and slope are used to determine the dominance of the physical character of water scarcity area. The spatial pattern of water scarcity area annual average is compared to the pattern in 2015. The results showed the spatial pattern of water scarcity area in Lebak more to the north and the south is getting higher. The area is dominated by tertiary sedimentary rocks, latosol soil type, elevation area of 0 – 100 meters above sea level, and slope ramps (< 8%). The duration of the dry season and dryness level in 2015 showed different pattern compared to the annual average. The villages that were affected by water scarcity in 2015 are likely due to high irregularities of dryness level."

"Kabupaten Lebak memiliki letak geografis unik yang dapat dijadikan kawasan pariwisata alam mulai dari bukit, sungai, gua, dan garis pantai yang panjang karena setiap objek alam dapat memiliki potensi untuk dijadikan objek wisata alam dengan nilai yang  berbeda-beda. Bentang alam sebagai sumberdaya wisata menjadi penentu ada atau tidaknya kegiatan wisata alam tersebut (Dernoi dalam Burton, 1995). Tujuan Penelitian ini yaitu untuk mengetahui potensi pariwisata alam di Kabupaten Lebak dan mengetahui hubungan antara potensi pariwisata alam dengan jumlah pengunjung. Metode analisis yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan keruangan serta menggunakan Uji Statistik Chi Square untuk mencari hubungan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa potensi objek wisata alam di Kabupaten Lebak berdasarkan pembobotan menghasilkan sebagian besar nilai potensi objek wisata alam yang rendah. Secara spasial Kabupaten Lebak memiliki beragam objek wisata alam dan terdapat beberapa objek wisata alam yang memiliki keunikan sendiri yaitu objek wisata Pantai Langir dan objek wisata Karang Taraje, namun belum adanya pengelolaan yang baik pada fasilitas dan aksesibilitas membuat nilai potensi tetap rendah. Kedatangan wisatawan ke objek wisata alam disebabkan oleh nilai potensi objek wisata alam yang tinggi dan memiliki fasilitas yang baik. Melalui hasil uji statistik diketahui bahwa adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara potensi pariwisata alam dengan jumlah pengunjung objek wisata alam tahun 2017 di Kabupaten Lebak ditunjukan dengan objek wisata alam yang memiliki nilai tinggi mendatangkan jumlah pengunjung yang tinggi juga, dan begitu sebaliknya.

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Lebak Regency has a unique geographical location that can be used as a natural tourism area starting from long hills, rivers, caves and coastlines because each natural object can have the potential to be a natural tourist attraction with different values. Landscapes as tourism resources are a determinant of the presence or absence of natural tourism activities (Dernoi in Burton, 1995). The purpose of this research is to find out the potential of natural tourism in Lebak Regency and find out the relationship between the potential of natural tourism and the number of visitors. The analytical method used is descriptive method with spatial approach and using the Chi Square Statistic Test to find relationships. The results of the study showed that the potential of natural tourism objects in Lebak Regency based on weighting produced most of the potential value of low natural tourism objects. Spatially, Lebak Regency has a variety of natural attractions and there are several natural attractions that have their own uniqueness, namely the Langir Beach tourist attraction and Karang Taraje tourist attraction, but the lack of good management of facilities and accessibility makes the potential value remains low. The arrival of tourists to natural attractions is due to the potential value of high natural tourism objects and good facilities. Through the results of statistical tests, it is known that the existence of a significant relationship between the potential of natural tourism and the number of visitors to natural attractions in 2017 in Lebak Regency is indicated by natural attractions that have high scores, bringing high numbers of visitors, and vice versa."

"Artikel ini membahas sejarah dan proses Islamisasi  pada masyarakat Badui, khususnya di kampung Sukamaju Kecamatan Leuwidamar Kabupaten Lebak-Banten. Penelitian ini menjelaskan bagaimana masuknya Islam di Badui, proses dakwah Islam di kampung Sukamaju, dan tokoh dai yang melakukan Islamisasi di kampung Sukamaju. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini yaitu metode kualitatif dengan studi pustaka dan penelitian lapangan. Teknik pengumpulan data lapangan  melalui wawancara, observasi dan partisipasi, untuk memperoleh gambaran masyarakat Muslim Badui. Hasil dari penelitian ini ditemukan bahwa masuknya Islam di Badui terjadi pada masa Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin pada abad ke-16. Masuknya Islam di kampung Sukamaju disebarkan oleh K.H Zainuddin Amir. Proses dakwah Islam yang dilakukan oleh K.H. Zainuddin Amir yaitu melalui kegiatan pengajian rutin yang diadakan pada setiap malam jumat dan jumat pagi dihadiri oleh bapak-bapak, ibu-ibu dan anak-anak. Khusus untuk mualaf Baduy diadakan pada malam jumat di kediaman K.H. Zainuddin Amir. Proses dakwah yang dilakukan yaitu dengan pemberian materi tentang keagamaan, mulai dari tata cara berwudu, salat, hafalan surat-surat pendek, kemudian diberikan pengetahuan tentang hukum Islam, pembinaan lingkungan dan pola hidup sehat.

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This article discusses the history and process of Islamization in Badui communities, spesifically in Sukamaju, Leuwidamar, Lebak-Banten. This research explains how the start of Islam in Badui, the process of Islamic dakwah in the village of Sukamaju, and figures of the dai who carried out Islamization in Sukamaju. The method used in this study is a qualitative method with literature study and field research. The results of this study found that the start of Islam in Badui occurred in the era of Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin in the 16th century. The start of Islam in Sukamaju was spread by K.H. Zainuddin Amir. The process of Islamic dakwah carried out by K.H. Zainuddin Amir through routine activities which are held on Thursday night and Friday morning. These activities are attended by adults and children. Especially for Badui mualaf there is a regular recitation on Thursday night at the K.H residence. Zainuddin Amir. The process of dakwah is carried out by giving lecture of religion, including the procedures for wudu, salat, reading the holy quran, given knowledge about Islamic law, and development of environment and healthy lifestyle."