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"ABSTRACTThe genus Ulva (Phyllum Chlorophyta, Family Ulvaceae) is a kind of green seaweed which has been exploited for many purposes is very rich in bioactive compounds that are important for medical purposes, such as anti coagulan, anti cancer; anti oxidant, anti microbial and anti influenza. Ulva has been used for a long time but still lack of cultivation techniques lnformation about the characteristics and biological aspects of Ulva is important for basis technology of Ulva cultivation, including reproductive biology, habitat, distribution and commercial uses of Ulva. The technology of Ulva cultivation is expected to reduce exploitation of Ulva in the wild."

"ABSTRACTThe algal blooms or red tide that resulting mass mortality of fish and other biota are frequently occurred in coastal water: where human activities and population increase in significant. The impacts not only to marine life and environmental quality, but also impact on the fishery economic, food security and health consumer; and also psychology of the surrounding community. In some countries the impact of aquatic disaster has resulted in human fatalities after consuming fishery products. The incidence of red tide phenomenon is characterized by the appearance of other colors in the surface water such as red, red-brown or greenish depending on the causative speciean fact, the incidence of algal bloom has a connection with the amount of nutrients concentration in the waters, which sourced from human activities in the upland, domestic waste, agricultural, industrial waste, etc, which run into the water via rivers or run off 0n the other hand, the increasing eutrophication may lead to alteration of nutrients composition in the waters and can trigger the bloom of toxic species in the waters (toxic algal bloom)."

"ABSTRACTMECHANISM OF GENETIC DISORDER AND MUTATION ON BIVALVES INFLUENCED BY LEAD. Bivalves have a feeding mechanism of suspension-feeder or deposit-feeder or both, making bivalves consume the material contained in either beneficial or toxic water. Bivalve can survive even with the condition of polluted waters, including the concentration of heavy metals that exceed a specified threshold. Lead is one type of harmful pollutants originating from anthropogenic activities and contaminated marine waters. The purpose of this paper is to provide knowledge about the process or mechanism of bivalves to defend itself against lead, which can be found in their environment, especially genetic disorders and mutations that may be experienced by marine bivalves as a result of exposure to lead."

"The japanese threadfin bream, Nemipterus japonicus is one of demersal fishes of the Family Nemipteridae which has high economy value and commonly caught by bottom trawl. The distribution is widespread throughout the Indian Ocean and West Pacific. This species is commonly found in coastal waters, on muddy or sandy bottoms from 5 to 80 meters depth. Special characteristics of N. japonicus are having 11-12 pale golden-yellow stripes along the body from behind of the head to the base of caudal fin, a prominent red-suffused yellow blotch origin of lateral line and a yellow fillament on caudal fin. This species is carnivorous and has external reproductive system. The diet consists mainly of small fishes, molluscas, crustaceans (mainly crab or shrimp), polychaetes and enchinoderms."

"MANGROVE CRAB UCA SPP (CRUSTACEA: DECAPODA: OCYPODIDAE). In Indonesia, many found the river estuary waters with mangrove forests are an important area for mangrove crabs. Crustacean fauna of the mangrove ecosystem is dominated by the crabs of Uca spp. this is often found in mud, forest floor, ponds and mangrove logging areas. Uca spp. is a type of crab that live in holes or soaking in the substrate and are permanent residents of mangrove forests. Crab Uca spp. can adapt well to dig holes because the water that is in the hole can help regulate body temperature through evaporation. Uca crab has important body parts as characters for identification that are: the size of the face of carapace (rostrum), orbital area (the area around the eyes), gonopode (male), gonopore (females), large claws (male) and small claws. While large claws on an adult male is a key character, so that its is very important."

"Pollen grains and spores are an object which studied in palynology. Pollen is produced by seed plants which include gymnosperms and angiosperms. Pollen grains are male reproductive organ of seed plants. Meanwhile, spore is produced by cryptograms which include ferns and Mosses. Cryptogram spores being a resting and dispersal phase in gametophyte. In the study of pollen grains and spores, the complexity of their structure and patterning has necessitated a specific terminology. The main characters of pollen and spores are unit, shape, aperture, and sculpture. They are an important and valuable iriformation in palynology, so their applications relates to other knowledge such as geochronology, biostratigraphy, climate change, migration, flora evolution, stratigraphy, paleoecology, paleoclimatology and archeology"

"ABSTRACTThis article presents general knowledge about crab Huenta spp. belonging to the family Majidae. Eventhough this title seems very simple, but it actually cover many information, starting from its unique body, carapace shape, camouflage, biosystem atics, its life in the nature."