Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Clay mineral is a group of mineral which suplay more than 16% of sediments distribution in the earth surface. The clay mineral can be occurred both on the land and sea bottom. The clay mineral which is deposited in the coastal and sea bottom have a unique mechanism, and consequenty creates many kind of clay mineral where this conditions is influenced by the deph, temperature, light, topography and organism. The study of clay mineral distribution in the coastal and mirine sediments enables to analysis the sedimentation processes, where the occurrence of this mineral is influnced by the origin of the sedients. Generally, the surficial sedo,emts pf Se,aramg pffsjpre os cpmsostes pf coau amd silt. Based on the SEM analysis the ciay mineral in Semarang offshore is dominated by caolinite, illite and mized layer of montmorilonite and illite."

"Penelitian Oseanografi di perairan Laut Jawa telah dilaksanakan bulan September 2004. Sebaran suspensi permukaan berkisar antara 0.018 gr/l terendah ditemukan di sebelah Selatan Pulau kalimantan hingga 0.053 gr/l tertinggi di sebelah Barat dari Pulau Kalimantan Selatan. Sebaran suspensi di kedalaman perairan bagian tegah berkisar antara 0.023 gr/l terendah di sebelah Barat Pancel hingga 0.051 gr/l tertinggi yang tersebar di sebelah Barat dari Pulau Kalimantan Selatan. Sebaran suspensi di kedalaman perairan bagian dasar berkisar antara 0.022 gr/l terendah yang didapatkan di sebelah Barat daya dari Pulau Kalimantan Selatan hingga 0.051 gr/l tertinggi yang tersebar di sebelah Barat dari Pulau Kalimantan Selatan. Endapan sedimen di permukaan dasar hanya beberapa sentimeter berwarna coklat kekuningan merupakan indikasi suplai sedimen dari daratan melalui sungai cukup tinggi. Endapan sedimen di dasar perairan sekitar Kalimantan Selatan yang dekat dengan daratan ditemukan endapan lumpur yang encer di permukaan dengan warna coklat dan di lapisan bawahnya lanau lumpuran.

---

Suspension and Sedimentation Studies in Java Sea Water. Oceanography study of the Java Sea Water has been done on September 2004. The lowest total suspended solid in the water surface was 0.018 gr/l at the south part of Kalimantan and the highest was 0.053 gr/l at the west part of South Kalimantan. The lowest total suspended solid values in the medium sea level was about 0.023 gr/l at the west part of Pancel and reaches the value of 0.051 gr/l at the west part of South Kalimantan. At the bottom of deep sea level, the lowest total suspended solid value were about 0.022 gr/l at the west by south of South Kalimantan and the highest was found in the west part of South Kalimantan which has the value of 0.051 gr/l. The sediment has a yellowish brown color in the depth of several centimeters which indicates of highly sedimentation supply from the river. Sediment at the bottom of South Kalimantan waters which is located near the land was found more like a mud on the surface and silt on the inside."

"Wilayah muara Porong merupakan daerah yang mengalami sedimentasi tinggi. Sebaran sedimen pada muara dan perairan sekitarnya dipengaruhi oleh pasokan sedimen, batimetri dan kondisi hidrooseanografinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jenis, sebaran dan karakterisasi mineral lempung di daerah muara Porong dan peraiaran sekitarnya serta menggambarkan pengaruh kondisi hidrooseanografi terhadap sebaran mineral lempung di daerah ini.Metode penelitian adalah analisis deskriptif. Lokasi contoh sedimen yang diambil dari penelitian ini adalah sebanyak 39 titik. Analisis mineral lempung yang dilakukan adalah analisis XRD dan SEM-EDX. Analisis XRD sebanyak 17 lokasi contoh dan analisis SEM sebanyak 19 lokasi contoh. Analisis contoh dilakukan di laboratorium SEM-XRD kelompok sedimen KPRT Eksplorasi, PPPTMGB Lemigas Jakarta dan sebagian sampel dianalisis di Pusat Survey Geologi Bandung. Peralatan SEM-EDX yang digunakan adalah produksi dari JEOL dengan tipe JSM-6390LA dan peralatan XRD adalah produksi dari Rigaku Japan dengan program SmartLab XRD by Rigaku Japan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa mineral lempung yang terdapat di daerah penelitian adalah smektit/montmorillonit, kaolinit dan illit. Konsentrasi tertinggi dari mineral lempung secara berturut-turut adalah smektit, kaolinit dan illit dengan persentasi masing-masing 56 - 98 %, 1 - 27 % dan 0 - 31 %. Smektit umumnya terbentuk dari material vulkanik dan dari perubahan kaolinit; kaolinit terbentuk dari feldspar; illit merupakan perubahan dari smektit dan kaolinit. Kondisi oseanografi mempengaruhi sebaran mineral lempung, terutama terlihat dari kandungan mineral yang ada di mulut dan depan sungai Porong yang hanya mengandung smektit dan kaolinit. Illit tidak terdapat pada lokasi ini, dimungkinan karena illit membutuhkan proses yang lebih lama dan kondisi hidrooseanografi, sedimentasi yang relatif lebih tenang untuk dapat menyerap potassium sehingga dapat merubah smektit dan kaolinit menjadi illit.

---

Porong estuary region is a high sedimentation area. The distribution of sediments in the estuary and surrounding water is influenced by the supply of sediments, bathymetry and hydrooceanographic condition. The study aimed to determine the type, distribution and characterization of clay minerals in Porong estuary and its surrounding water and describe the effect of hidrooceanographic conditions on the distribution of clay minerals in this area.

The research method is descriptive analysis. Location of sediment sampling taken for this study is 39 locations. Analysis of clay minerals is done through analysis of XRD and SEM-EDX method. 17 samples were analyzed by XRD method and 19 samples by SEM method. Analysis carried out in SEM-XRD Laboratory of sediment group, KPRT Eksplorasi Lemigas Jakarta and some samples analyzed at the laboratory of Central for Geological Survey Bandung. The type of SEM equipment used in this study is JEOL JSM-6390LA type and XRD Rigaku Japan with program of SmartLab XRD by Rigaku Japan.

The results of study showed that clay minerals contained in the study area are smectite, kaolinit and illite. The highest consentration repeteadly is smectite, kaolinit and illite, with consentrations percentage are 56 - 98 %, 1 - 27 % and 0 - 31 %. Smectite generally formed of quartz, kaolinite formed from feldspar and illite has possibility of a change of smectite and kaolinit. The oseanographic condition is affecting the distribution of clay minerals, especially seen from the clay minerals content in Porong river mouth and front of Porong river mouth. Clay minerals in this area consist of smectite and kaolinit. There is no illite in this location. This is possible due to condition that illite requires a longer process and relatively calm of oceanographic condition and sedimentation to be able to absorp potassium from sea water and change smectite and kaolinite into illite."

"The purpose of this study is to clarify the ecosystem quality of Bayur Bay based on heavy metalic elements (CD and Pb) behaviour in surface sediment. Sediment samples were collected using grap sampler from 4 stations in Bayur Bay. West Sumatera Province, Indonesia in March to April 2009. Surface sediment samples were used for the mechanical analysis by the settlingtube method, and mean size diameter was calculated based on the proportion of grain - size distribution. Concentration of CD and of Pb in the samples were determined using Automic Absorption Spectrofotimetry (ASS). One way Analysis variance (ANOVA) was carried to clarify the relation between the concentration of Cd, and mean size diameter of sediment. General trend of Cd and Pb distribution strongly indicate that the ecosystem quality of Bayur Bay is in same level for all stations as shown by result of one way anova (Tcalculate < Ttable). The study area is under influence of human activities supplied Cd and Pb to the surface sediment . Result of linier regression analysis show is under influence of human activities supplied Cd and Pb to the surface sediment. results of linier regression analysis show negative correlation between Cd concentration and mean size diameter shows positive value (Y = -0.031x + 1.262). Constrastingly, correlation between Pb concentration and mean size diameter show positive value (Y = 0,098x - 0,10). Cd and Pb concentrations in surface sediment of Bayur Bay are lower than the ERL (Effect Range Low : Cd = 1,2 ppm; Pb = 46,7 ppm) and ERM (Effect Range Median : Cd = 9,6 ppm; Pb = 218 ppm) indicating the Bayur Bay ecosystem is not yet polluted by the concentrations."

"The purpose of this study is to clarify the ecosystem quality of Bayur Bay based on heavy metallic elements in surface sediment. Samples were collected using grab sampler from four stations in Bayur Bay. Concentration of heavy metallic elements were determined using ASS. Results of linier regression analysis show negative correlation between Cd concentration and mean size diameter. COntrastingly, Pb has correlation with size diameter. Cd and Pb concentrations in surface sediment of Bauyr Bay are lower than the ERL and ERM indicating it is not yet polluted."

"Pengamatan kandungan senyawa butiltin (BT) dalam air laut dan sedimen di perairan Teluk Banten telah dilakukan pada bulan Agustus 2003 dan Oktober 2003. Pengukuran kandungan BT ditentukan alat GC-FPD. Hasil yang diperoleh adalah kandungan BT dalam air laut di Teluk Banten yang terdiri dari TBT, DBT, dan MBT masing-masing pada bulan Agustus 2003 berkisar antara <2 ng Sn/l, <2-9 ng Sn/l dan <5-17 ng Sn/l., sedangkan bulan Oktober 2003 kisaran kandungan TBT, DBT dan MBT masing-masing ttd-<2 ng Sn/l , ttd-6 ng Sn/l dan ttd-6 ng Sn/l. Dalam sedimen pada bulan Agustus 2003 ditemukan kisaran kandungan TBT, DBT dan MBT masing-masing 0,5-12 ngSn/g, <0,5-2,7 ng Sn/g dan<0,5-2,2 ng Sn/g dan pada bulan Oktober 2003 masing-masing ditemukan dengan kisaran antara <0,5-12 ng Sn/g,0,5-2,7 ng Sn/g dan <0,5-2,2 ng Sn/g Kandungan TBTdalam sedimen tertinggi ditemukan pada bulan Agustus 2003 yaitu sebesar 12,0 ng Sn/g, sedangkan bulan Oktober dijumpai kandungan yang lebih rendah. Dari hasil pengamatan ditemukan kandungan TBT dalam sedimen lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan dalam air laut. Apabila ditinjau dari kandungan tributiltin (TBT) dalam air maka perairan Teluk Banten dapat dikatakan masih bersih karena masih memenuhi persyaratan Nilai Ambang Batas dalam Keputusan Menteri Negara Lingkungan Hidup No. 51 tahun 2004, untuk perairan pelabuhan yaitu sebesar 10 ng Sn/l.

---

Butiltins compound in seawater and sediment of Banten Bay. Observation on butiltin (BTs) compound content in seawater and sediments from Banten Bay were conducted in August 2003 and October 2003. Butiltin content including TBT, DBT and MBT on August 2003 respectively range between <2ng Sn/l, <2 to 9 ng Sn/l and < 5 to 17 ng Sn/l and on October 2003 was found respectively nd to <2 ng Sn/l, "

"Perubahan dalam lingkungan oleh aktivitas manusia dapat berasosiasi dengan akumulasi logam berat dan berpotensi meninggalkan jejak antropogenik dalam rekaman sedimen laut. Penelitian akan kondisi kemostratigrafi dilakukan untuk menentukan pengaruh aktivitas antropogenik di Perairan Banggai, yang dinilai tinggi karena fungsinya sebagai wilayah penangkapan ikan dan berdekatan dengan Pulau Taliabu, kepulauan agrikultural dengan potensi tambang yang tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan melakukan penanggalan umur (dating) dengan isotop 210Pb, analisis logam berat, distribusi ukuran butir, dan kandungan TOC untuk menganalisis dan merekonstruksi perubahan lingkungan. Penanggalan menggunakan isotop 210Pb dilakukan menggunakan spektrometer alfa (AAS), logam berat dianalisis menggunakan spektrometri emisi optikal (ICP-OES), distribusi ukuran butir dianalisis menggunakan difraksi laser (LDS), dan kandungan TOC dianalisis menggunakan LOI. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa distribusi konsentrasi logam berat dalam sedimen core BC-06 menghasilkan nilai geo-accumulation index dan enrichment factor yang rendah, dan menunjukkan bahwa sumber logam berat yang ditemukan merupakan campuran alamiah dan antropogenik. Jejak logam berat dengan pengaruh antropogenik dalam sedimen core BC-06 dapat dibagi menjadi tiga periode, yaitu: (I) 1831-1927 AD, (II) 1927-1994 AD, dan (III) 1994-2022 AD, yang diinterpretasi berhubungan dengan ekspansi militer pada zaman pemerintahan Hindia-Belanda dan perkembangan berbagai sektor perekonomian Indonesia modern.

---

Changes in the environment by human activities is associated with heavy metal accumulation and can potentially leave anthropogenic traces in marine sediment records. Research focusing on the chemostratigraphic condition was done to determine the impacts made by anthropogenic activities in Banggai Waters, that are considered high because of its function as fishing grounds and is located near Taliabu Islands, which are agricultural lands with high mining potential. This research was done by Pb-210 dating, heavy metal, grain size distribution, dan TOC content analyses, to analyse and reconstruct environmental changes. Pb-210 dating was conducted by alpha spectrometer (AAS), heavy metal analysis was conducted by optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES), grain size distribution analysis was conducted by laser diffraction (LDS), and TOC content analysis was conducted by the LOI method. Results show that heavy metal concentration distribution in sediment core BC-06 yield low values for geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and enrichment factor (EF), and showed that the metals found has a mixed source of natural and anthropogenic. Heavy metal traces with anthropogenic influence can be divided into three periods, such as: (I) 1831-1927 AD, (II) 1927-1994 AD, dan (III) 1994-2022 AD, which are interpreted as related to the military expansion during The Dutch’s colonialism, alongside the development of various economic sectors in modern Indonesia."