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""We live our lives in conversation, building families, societies and civilizations. In over seven thousand languages across the world, the basic infrastructure by which we communicate remains the same. This is the first-ever book-length linguistic introduction to conversation analysis (CA), the field that has done more than any other to illuminate the mechanics of interaction. Starting by locating CA by reference to a number of cognate disciplines investigating language in use, it provides an overview of the origins and methodology of CA. By using conversational data from a range of languages, it examines the basic apparatus of sequence organization: turn-taking, preference, identity construction and repair. As the basic for these investigations, the book uses the twin analytic resources of action and sequence to throw new light on the origins and nature of language use.""

"Demonstrating how the methods and findings of conversation and discourse analysis may inform the development of empirical research questions, this text offers clear comparisons between the two approaches, as well as offering a positioned argument."

"Percakapan antara seseorang atau lebih merupakan hal yang sering terjadi dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Implikatur atau pengimplikasian sebuah kalimat berkaitan dalam penyampaian pesan yang dilakukan oleh seseorang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis implikatur percakapan dan prinsip kerja sama dalam film Solino dengan menggunakan teori implikatur percakapan dari Paul Grice. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode kualitatif dengan studi pustaka. Selain itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbedaan atau pelanggaran dalam prinsip kerja sama. Berdasarkan delapan percakapan antara orang tua dan anak dalam film Solino, terdapat pelanggaran prinsip kerja sama, sehingga komunikasi tidak berjalan dengan baik.

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Conversation between people is something that frequently happens in everyday life. Implicature or the implication of a sentence relates on how a message is being delivered by someone. This research aims to analyze conversational implicature and the cooperative principle in Solino, a film by Fatih Akin using Paul Grice s theory. The method used in this research is qualitative approach with literature review. In addition, this research also aims to see the differences or violations in the cooperative principle. According to eight conversations between parents and their children in Solino, there are eight violations of Cooperative Principle, therefore the communication between the two of them didnt go well."

"The essays in this volume are all original contributions dealing in one way or another with the analysis of prosody - primarily intonation and rhythm, and the role it plays in everyday conversation. They take as their methodological starting-point the contention that the study of prosody must begin with genuine interactional rather than pre-fabricated laboratory data. Through close empirical analysis of recorded material from genuine English, German and Italian conversations, prosody emerges here as a strategy deployed by interactants in the management of turntaking and floor-holding; in the negotiation of conversational activities such as repair, assessments, announcements, reproaches and news receipts; and in the keying of the tone or modality of interactional sequences."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian mengenai strategi percakapan dalam jual beli tradisional dalam dialek Banyumasini merupakan penelitian pragmatik yang berfokus pada analisis percakapan. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk merekonstruksi strategi percakapan jual beli tradisional dalam dialekBanyumas dan menemukan faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh dalam keputusan pembeliankonsumen. Tuturan yang diujarkan oleh penutur merepresentasikan apa yang ada dalambenak mereka. Strategi percakapan dalam penelitian ini meliputi, kondisi kesahihan tuturan,strategi bertutur dan strategi kesantunan. Keputusan konsumen dipengaruhi oleh faktoreksternal dan faktor internal yang direalisasikan melalui tuturan dalam percakapan jual beli.Data penelitian diperoleh dari percakapan jual beli di pasar tradisional. Penyajian datadilakukan dengan menggunakan mikro dan makro struktur. Analisis data dilakukan denganmetode padan pragmatis. Satuan analisis dalam penelitian ini adalah tuturan. Kondisikesahihan tuturan dapat dilihat dari konteks tuturan. Pada realisasinya, konteks tuturan dapatdilihat sebagai faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap pembelian. Faktor eksternal ataubauran pemasaran adalah faktor-faktor di luar individu yang berpengaruh terhadap keputusanpembelian. Faktor internal atau black box model yang terjadi dalam benak individumerupakan faktor dalam diri individu yang berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian.Faktor eksternal dan faktor internal itu direalisasikan ke dalam tuturan individu dalampercakapan jual beli tradisional. Bahasa dalam percakapan jual beli tradional memiliki tigafungsi, yaitu fungsi referensial, fungsi afektif, dan fungsi fatis. Penelitian lebih lanjut dapatdilakukan untuk membuktikan fungsi bahasa dalam percakapan jual beli tradisional dalambahasa Jawa dialek Banyumas

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ABSTRACTThe research on conversation strategies in traditional selling and buying in Banyumas dialectis a pragmatic research focuses on conversation analysis. It aims to reconstruct theconversation strategies in traditional selling and buying in Banyumas dialect and to find outthe factors affecting consumers? behavior. Utterances used in traditional selling and buyingconversation relfect speakers? mind. The conversation strategies include the felicitycondition, the speech strategies, and the politeness strategies. Consumers? behavior isaffected by external and internal factors. Data is gathered from traditional selling and buyingconversations in traditional markets. This qualitative research uses micro and macro structureto display data and uses pragmatic identity method in analysis. The unit of analysis of thisresearch is speech or utterance. Felicity condition of each utterance can be seen from thecontext. Context is considered as factors affecting consumers? behavior. External factors ormarketing mix are factors outside the consumers which affects the consumers? decisionwhether or not to buy the goods. On the other hand, internal factors or the black box modelare factors inside the consumers affecting their decision. It is called as a black box modelsince it occurs in buyers? mind. Those external and internal factors are realized in theutterances used in traditional selling and buying conversation. The language functions intraditional selling and buying are classified into three types; referential, affective, and phatic.A further and deeper research needs to conduct to prove the language functions in traditionalselling and buying conversation in Banyumas dialect"

"Pokok bahasan penelitian ini adalah multimodalitas dalam percakapan jual beli buah di pasar tradisional Wonogiri. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menjelaskan multimodalitas yang digunakan penjual dan pembeli buah di pasar tradisional Wonogiri. Data yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah tuturan (moda verbal) dan gestur (moda nonverbal) yang terdapat dalam 10 video percakapan transaksi jual beli buah di pasar tradisional Wonogiri. Data tersebut ditranskripsi dengan software ELAN dan diklasifikasikan berdasarkan konsep pasangan berdampingan (adjacency pair) dari teori Analisis Percakapan (Conversation Analysis). Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menggunakan teori tindak tutur dari Searle (1975) untuk moda verbalnya, sedangkan moda nonverbalnya dianalisis menggunakan teori gestur oleh Mandal (2014) dan Kendon (2004). Adapun kecenderungan tindak tutur yang ditemukan adalah tindak tutur direktif, yang memiliki beberapa variasi, (1) meminta informasi kuantitas buah dengan demonstrativa iki ‘ini’ dan interogativa piro ‘berapa’ disertai gestur memegang dan mengemas buah, (2) meminta informasi harga dengan kata interogativa pinten ‘berapa’ dan numeralia disertai gestur interaktif dan komplemen, (3) meminta jenis buah tertentu dengan penyebutan langsung disertai gestur deiktif dan interaktif, (4) meminta informasi ketersediaan buah dengan verba dhuwe ‘punya’ dan pasangan kata karek iki ‘tinggal ini’ disertai gestur interaktif dan deiktik, (5) menawar harga dengan penggunaan polar question negasi disertai gestur deiktik, dan (6) menawarkan jenis buah lain dengan pasangan kata opo neh ‘apa lagi’ disertai gestur mengemas buah. Sementara itu, kombinasi moda verbal dan nonverbal dalam tindak tutur representatif, yakni (1) memberi informasi kuantitas buah dengan numeralia dan kuantifikator sithik ‘sedikit’ disertai tindakan memilih-milih buah, (2) memberi informasi harga buah dengan penyebutan langsung numeralia disertai tindakan memilih dan mengemas buah (3) memberi informasi kualitas buah dengan memuji fisik dan rasa buah disertai gestur deiktik dan moda visual, dan (4) memberi informasi ketersediaan buah dengan menyebutkan kuantitas ketersediaan atau menyampaikan alasan ketidaktersediaan buah. Kombinasi moda verbal dan nonverbal dilakukan secara sistematis oleh penjual dan pembeli untuk melancarkan proses jual beli buah di pasar tradisional Wonogiri.

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The subject of this research is multimodality in the conversation of buying and selling fruit in the Wonogiri traditional market. The purpose of this study is to explain the multimodality used by sellers and buyers of fruit in the Wonogiri traditional market. The data used in this study are speech (verbal mode) and gesture (nonverbal mode) contained in 10 video conversations of fruit buying and selling transactions at the Wonogiri traditional market. The data was transcribed with ELAN software and classified based on the concept of adjacency pair from Conversation Analysis theory. In addition, this study also uses the speech act theory of Searle (1975) for the verbal mode, while the nonverbal mode is analyzed using the gesture theory by Mandal (2014) and Kendon (2004). The tendency of the speech acts found are directive speech acts, which have several variations, (1) asking for information on the quantity of fruit with the demonstrative iki 'this' and interrogative piro 'how much' accompanied by the gesture of holding and packing the fruit, (2) asking for price information with the word Pinten interrogative 'how much' and numeralia with interactive and complementary gestures, (3) asking for certain types of fruit by direct mention accompanied by interactive and deductive gestures, (4) asking for information on fruit availability with the verb dhuwe 'have' and the word pair karek iki 'stay ini ' accompanied by interactive and deictic gestures, (5) bargaining the price by using a polar question negation accompanied by a deictic gesture, and (6) offering other types of fruit with the word opo neh 'what else' paired with the gesture of packing fruit. Meanwhile, the combination of verbal and nonverbal modes in representative speech acts, namely (1) providing information on the quantity of fruit with numeralia and a 'little' sithik quantifier accompanied by the act of choosing fruit, (2) providing information on the price of fruit by direct mention of numeralia accompanied by the act of choosing. and packaging of fruit (3) providing information on fruit quality by praising the physicality and taste of the fruit with deictic gestures and visual modes, and (4) providing information on the availability of fruit by stating the quantity of availability or conveying the reasons for the unavailability of fruit. The combination of verbal and nonverbal modes is carried out systematically by sellers and buyers to expedite the process of buying and selling fruit in the Wonogiri traditional market."