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""Over the past decade there has been a growing public fascination with the complex connectedness of modern society. This connectedness is found in many incarnations: in the rapid growth of the Internet, in the ease with which global communication takes place, and in the ability of news and information as well as epidemics and financial crises to spread with surprising speed and intensity. These are phenomena that involve networks, incentives, and the aggregate behavior of groups of people; they are based on the links that connect us and the ways in which our decisions can have subtle consequences for others. This introductory undergraduate textbook takes an interdisciplinary look at economics, sociology, computing and information science, and applied mathematics to understand networks and behavior. It describes the emerging field of study that is growing at the interface of these areas, addressing fundamental questions about how the social, economic, and technological worlds are connected"--Provided by publisher."

"The Zheng family of merchants and militarists emerged from the tumultuous seventeenth century amid a severe economic depression, a harrowing dynastic transition from the ethnic Chinese Ming to the Manchu Qing, and the first wave of European expansion into East Asia. Under four generations of leaders over six decades, the Zheng had come to dominate trade across the China Seas. Their average annual earnings matched, and at times exceeded, those of their fiercest rivals: the Dutch East India Company. Although nominally loyal to the Ming in its doomed struggle against the Manchus, the Zheng eventually forged an autonomous territorial state based on Taiwan with the potential to encompass the family's entire economic sphere of influence. Through the story of the Zheng, Xing Hang provides a fresh perspective on the economic divergence of early modern China from western Europe, its twenty-first-century resurgence, and the meaning of a Chinese identity outside China."

"Disertasi ini membahas tentang jaringan maritim Mandar dari pelabuhan "kembar" Pambauwang dan Majene di Selat Makassar. Terdapat tiga pertanyaan penelitian. Pertama, pola jaringan seperti apa yang terbentuk dari pelabuhan kembar pada periode 1900-1940; kedua, bagaimana fungsi pelabuhan kembar di tengah perubahan politik 1941-1951; ketiga, mengapa terjadi kemerosotan jaringan maritim Mandar 1952-1980. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan tersebut, studi ini menggunakan kategori pelabuhan dari Leong Sau Heng (1990) dan Susanto Zuhdi (1999). Berbagai sumber yang digunakan berupa sumber lokal (lontara Mandar), arsip, surat kabar, dan sejarah lisan. Ini adalah penelitian sejarah dengan pendekatan struktural dari Fernand Braudel (1972) yang dikembangkan Adrian B. Lapian (1986) dan R.Z. Leirissa (1990).Hasilnya adalah empat karakteristik jaringan maritim: pertama, keberadaan pelabuhan kembar yang saling mengisi dan bersaing; kedua, jangkauan pelayaran meliputi hampir seluruh perairan Nusantara, bahkan sampai Singapura, Malaysia, dan Filipina; ketiga, pola pelayaran yang terbentuk berupa pelayaran pantai, pelayaran selat, pelayaran lintas selat, dan pelayaran lintas laut; dan keempat, pola usaha yang dikembangkan terdiri atas pelayaran-perdagangan dan pelayaran. Karakteristik tersebut dijumpai dalam tiga fase sejarah: masa kejayaan (1900-1940), masa bertahan (1941-1951), dan masa kemerosotan (1952-1980). Eksistensi dan karakter jaringan maritim Mandar ditentukan oleh keberfungsian pelabuhan kembar di Selat Makassar.Dengan mengkaji jaringan masyarakat bahari, sejarah Indonesia tidak lagi dilihat dari geladak kapal VOC (J.C. van Leur) atau Neerlandocentric, tetapi dari perahu dan sudut pandang pelaut kita (Indonesia sentris). Peran pelaut Mandar, dalam mewujudkan negara maritim, sejauh ini terabaikan dalam sejarah. Karena itu, tujuan studi ini selain menerapkan perspektif Indonesia sentris, juga ruang bagi pelaut Mandar dalam penulisan sejarah maritim Indonesia.

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This dissertation discusses the Mandarese maritime network of so-called "dual harbors" of Pambuawang and Majene in the Makassar Strait. Three research questions to be answered. First, network pattern had been developed since the first time the harbors made (1900-1940). Second, the functions of the harbors amidst of national political change (1941-1951). Third, why there was a decline in Mandar maritime network in 1952-1980?. In order to answer the questions, this study utilizes harbor categories developed by Leong Sau Heng (1990) and Susanto Zuhdi (1999). There are various resources to be employed, local manuscripts (lontara Mandar), official archives (both colonial and national), newspaper and oral history among others. This is historical research and using structural approach made by Fernand Braudel (1972) and further developed by Adrian B. Lapian (1986) and R. Z. Leirissa (1990).The results are four main characteristics of their networks. First, their complementing and competing functions. Second, reaching almost all parts of Indonesia and even Singapore, Malaysia and Phillippines. Third, their sea voyage patterns which include several types such as coastal, straits, straits crossing and seaborne crossing. Fourth, the developing pattern of ways in doing their business which comprises seaborne trade. It could be divide into three periods: rise (1900-1940), endure (1941-1951) and decline (1952-1980). The main function of the harbors led to the sustainability of the Mandarese maritime networks.By focusing on maritime network, Indonesian historiography is no longer being viewed from the deck of the Dutch ship (J. C. van Leur) or "neerlandocentric", but rather from prahu and Indonesian sailors' point of view or Indonesian perspective. The roles of Mandarese sailors in the making of maritime state, are somehow neglected. Therefore this study aiming to put it on Indonesian perspective and giving space for Mandarese sailors in Indonesian maritime historiography."

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