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"Punishment and correction in criminal cases in Indonesia."

"ABSTRAKIn the aftermath of "9/11", the United States has waged a Global War on Terror. This campaign has been waged both in the form in military presence e.g. in Iraq and Afghanistan, but also in the diffusion of norms, rules, strategies and initiatives programs that led to a process of deligitimization of terrorism. Securitizing efforts that has followed this campaign has an obvious link to the trade issues, particularly when issues such as maritime security is at stake. As the largest archipelagic state in the world, Indonesia has been particularly vulnerable to theproblem of whether or not it is capable to ensure the safety of its ports and sea transportations. These kinds of questions focus the world?s attention towards the prominence of supply-chain management issue. Using qualitative research design with literature review, document studies, and field research, this research has taken cases in two major ports in Indonesia into account, namely Tanjung Priok (Jakarta) and Tanjung Perak (Surabaya). This research broached the issue fromtwo particular questions: what are the Indonesian government?s efforts to transform the supply-chain management practice, especially its security, in accordance with the post-9/11 international norms? How do actors linked in supply-chain network adress and behave towards the implementations of efforts to secure (securing) supply chain policy in those two sites?Linkage between the field of security and trade in the case of supply-chain network shows that changes in norms could be manifested by shifts in policy. Through series of observation and case studies, shifts in rules and conformity with international norms, establishments of agencies and intitatives, and technical adjustments, can call into question how and to what extent global norms as embodied in a paradigm that could bring related actors in a path that leads towardsthe objective of the norms themselves. Indonesian effort in combating terrorism shows that states have(s) learned through ?normal policy-making? that brought first and second-order change (Peter Hall, 1993). Series of changes regarding antiterrorism policy in Indonesia is summaried in the following table."