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Cindy Rizki
"ABSTRAK
Enzim lipase merupakan senyawa yang mempercepat reaksi pemecahan lipid menjadi asam lemak. Hal ini banyak digunakan dalam dunia industri. Salah satu metode yang digunakan untuk meningkatkan enzim lipase adalah kloning gen dengan mikroba, karena mudah dimanipulasi dan pertumbuhannya cepat. Penelitian sebelumnya yang dilakukan di LAPTIAB BPPT tentang kloning gen ialah pengklonaan gen lipase Bacillus halodurans CM1 (lip CM1) yang diekspresikan pada E. coli DH5α mendapatkan 783 bp. Penelitian ini bertujuan melakukan kloning gen lip CM1 ke dalam vektor pBBRE 194 dengan metode ligasi dan ditransformasikan dengan metode konjugasi ke Bacillus halodurans CM1. Gen lip CM1 berhasil disisipkan ke dalam vektor pBBRE 194 di antara situs KpnI dan PstI dengan mendapatkan pita berukuran 9191 bp. Plasmid pBBRE 194 lip CM1 ditransformasi dengan metode heat shock ke E.coli DH5α untuk ekspresi. Plasmid pBBRE 194 lip CM1 ditransformasi secara konjugasi ke Bacillus halodurans CM1. Selanjutnya dianalisis ekspresi produk gennya. Plasmid rekombinan (pBBRE 194 lip CM1) berhasil ditransformasikan secara konjugasi ke dalam Bacillus subtilis DB 104 (kontrol positif konjugasi) dan Bacillus halodurans CM1. Konjugasi berhasil dengan tumbuhnya koloni pada media selektif yang mengandung antibiotik Erythromycin dan Tetracycline, yang ditunjukkan dengan PCR insert dan terbentuknya zona bening pada media selektif. Bacillus halodurans CM1 rekombinan menunjukkan peningkatan ekspresi produk gen lipase dibandingkan dengan Bacillus halodurans CM1. Bacillus halodurans CM1 rekombinan memiliki aktivitas lipase 2,58 ± 0,06 U/mL, kadar protein 0,642 mg/mL, dan aktivitas lipase spesifik 10,04 U/mg.

ABSTRACT
Enzym lipase has great potency to be used in industry. Research concerning lipase production is being carried out to obtain better production result. The previous research conducted at LAPTIAB BPPT, the cloning of gen lipase Bacillus halodurans CM1 was expressed to E. coli DH5α obtained 783 bp. This research aims to carry out cloning of gen lip CM1 into pBBRE 194 vector using ligation method and transform to Bacillus halodurans CM1 using conjugation method. Gen lip CM1 is successfully inserted into pBBRE 194 vector between Kpnl situs and Pstl obtaining a ban sized 9191 bp. Plasmid pBBRE 194 lip CM1 was transformed using heat shock method into E. coli DH5α for expressing. Plasmid pBBRE 194 lip CM1 is transformed conjugatively into Bacillus halodurans CM1. Then, the gen product expression is analysed. Recombinant plasmid (pBBRE 194 lip CM1) is transformed into Bacillus subtilis DB 104 (conjugation positive control) and Bacillus halodurans CM1. Successful conjugation shows the growth colony at selective media containing antibiotic, indicating with PCR insert and clear zone at the selective media. Recombinant Bacillus halodurans CM1 shows increment of the lipase gen product expression compared to Bacillus halodurans CM1. The recombinant Bacillus halodurans CM1 has lipase activity of 2,58±0,06 U/mL, protein of 0,642 mg/mL, and specific lipase activity of 10,04 U/mg.

"
2019
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Arina Aisyah
"ABSTRAK
Penelitian bertujuan meningkatkan aktivitas lipase dengan mengoptimasi produksi dan mengetahui karakteristik lipase Bacillus halodurans CM1. Bagian pertama penelitian, meningkatkan aktivitas lipase dengan optimasi komposisi media juga mutasi bakteri dengan radiasi gamma dan N-methyl-N rsquo;-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine NTG . Tujuh media yang berbeda diseleksi untuk mendapatkan media produksi. Delapan variabel komposisi media dioptimasi dengan rancangan Plackett-Burman. Bakteri dimutasi dengan radiasi gamma dosis 0,1 mdash;0,4 kGy dan NTG 0,05 mdash;0,15 mg/mL dengan waktu inkubasi 1 mdash;3 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa media produksi yang digunakan berdasarkan optimasi media dan komposisi media Plackett-Burman adalah media berdasarkan Bora Bora modifikasi yang mengandung 0,5 palm oil PO dan 0,09 CaCl2. Aktivitas lipase optimal diproduksi oleh bakteri hasil mutasi dengan NTG 0,1 mg/mL yang diinkubasi selama 3 jam. Bagian kedua, enzim dipekatkan dengan metode stirred-cell ultrafiltration UF -ammonium sulfat dan UF-polyethylene glycol PEG . Karakterisasi enzim dilakukan terhadap pengaruh pH, suhu, ion logam, dan deterjen. Rentang pH yang diujikan adalah pH 6 mdash;12, sedangkan variasi suhu 30 mdash;70o C. Ion logam yang diuji, yaitu Mg2 , Ca2 , Zn2 , Mn2 , Fe2 , dan K 1 mM dan 10 mM. Perkiraan berat molekul dilakukan dengan metode SDS-PAGE, kinetika enzim dihitung berdasarkan persamaan Lineweaver-Burk. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pemekatan enzim UF-PEG berpengaruh dalam meningkatkan aktivitas enzim lipase sebesar 18,44 . Berat molekul lipase, sekitar 35,7 mdash;37,4 kDa. Aktivitas enzim lipase optimum pada pH 7, suhu 50o C dan relatif stabil pada pH 7 mdash;8, suhu 30 mdash;70o C. Seluruh ion logam yang diujikan mampu meningkatkan aktivitas enzim, namun ion Ca2 menghasilkan aktivitas relatif tertingi di antara ion lainnya. Nilai Km 0,23 mg/mL dan Vmaks 4,07 U/mL. Lipase relatif stabil dengan penambahan deterjen konsentrasi 1 mdash;2 dan mampu menghilangkan minyak sebanyak 8,40 .

ABSTRACT
The research aimed to improve the activity of lipase by optimizing the production and know the characteristics of lipase Bacillus halodurans CM1. The first part of research aimed to improve the lipase activity by optimization of media composition and mutation of bacteria by gamma radiation and N methyl N 39 nitro N nitrosoguanidine NTG . Seven different media were selected to obtain production medium. Eight compositions of production medium optimized by Plackett Burman design. The bacteria mutated by gamma radiation doses 0.1 mdash 0.4 kGy and NTG 0.05 mdash 0.15 mg mL with incubation time 1 mdash 3 hours. The results showed that the production medium used was based on the Bora and Bora modified medium containing 0.5 palm oil PO and 0.09 CaCl2. High lipase activity produced by the bacterium mutated with NTG 0.1 mg mL were incubated for 3 hours. The second part aimed to examine the characteristics of lipase. The enzyme was concentrated by stirred cell ultrafiltration UF ammonium sulfate and UF polyethylene glycol PEG methods. Enzyme characterization focused on the effect of pH, temperature, metal ions, and detergents to the lipase activity. Variations in pH tested were pH 6 mdash 12, while the temperature variations 30 mdash 70o C. Metal ions tested were Mg2 , Ca2 , Zn2 , Mn2 , Fe2 , and K 1 mM and 10 mM. Estimated molecular weight was carried out by using SDS PAGE and the enzyme kinetics calculated by Lineweaver Burk equation. The results showed that the concentration of enzymes by PEG UF affected to increase lipase activity 18,44 . The molecular weight of lipase, which was about 35.7 to 37.4 kDa. The optimum condition of lipase reached at pH 7, 50o C and relative stable at pH 7 mdash 8 and temperature 30 mdash 70o C. The whole metal ions tested were able to increase the activity of the enzyme. Ca2 showed the highest relative activity among others. Km value was 0.23 mg mL and Vmax 4.07 U mL. Lipase was relatively stable with the addition of 1 mdash 2 detergent concentration and was able to remove 8.40 the oil."
2017
T47295
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Endang Rahmawati
"

Enzim protease sangat potensial untuk digunakan di berbagai bidang industri. Salah satu bakteri yang dapat menghasilkan enzim protease yang potensial adalah Bacillus halodurans CM1. Bacillus halodurans CM1 merupakan bakteri alkalotermofilik yang dimiliki oleh BPPT dan terdeteksi dapat menghasilkan enzim protease alkalotermofilik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan subkloning gen protease dan konjugasi ke Bacillus halodurans CM1 dan Bacillus subtilis DB104 sebagai kontrol, serta menganalisis ekspresi produk gen yang dihasilkan. Gen protease berhasil diamplifikasi sebagai insert sebesar 1.417 pb dan berhasil tersisipi ke dalam vektor pBBRE194 yang berukuran 8.402 pb, dengan menghasilkan plasmid rekombinan sebesar 9.819 pb. Hasil konjugasi ke Bacillus subtilis DB104 diperoleh 1 klona positif yang terverifikasi plasmidnya dan menghasilkan zona bening. Sementara itu, konjugasi ke Bacillus halodurans CM1 diperoleh beberapa klona yang resisten terhadap antibiotik tetrasiklin dan menghasilkan zona bening, tetapi belum didapatkan klona positif yang berhasil diekstraksi plasmidnya. Enzim protease rekombinan yang dihasilkan oleh Bacillus subtilis DB104 rekombinan memiliki aktivitas lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan Bacillus subtilis DB104. Hasil karakterisasi enzim protease rekombinan pada rentang suhu 300C—600 dan pH 5—9 menunjukkan aktivitas tertinggi pada suhu 500C dan pH 9 yaitu sebesar 13,66 U/mL, sehingga termasuk dalam protease alkalotermofilik.


Protease is a potential enzyme that applied in various industry fields. One of the bacteria that can produce a potential protease enzyme is Bacillus halodurans CM1. Bacillus halodurans CM1 is an alkalotermophilic bacteria that is collected by BPPT and is detected can produce alkalotermophilic protease enzyme. This study aim to subclone the protease gene and conjugation to Bacillus halodurans CM1 and Bacillus subtilis DB104 as control, and analyze the expression of product gene produced. The protease gene was successfully amplified as an insert of 1.417 bp and was successfully inserted into the pBBRE194 vector of 8.402 bp, by producing a recombinant plasmid of 9,819 bp. Conjugation to Bacillus subtilis DB104 obtained 1 positive clone verified by the plasmid and produced a clear zone. Conjugation to Bacillus halodurans CM1 obtained some clones that were resistant to tetracycline antibiotic and produced clear zone, but no positive clones with the plasmid were successfully extracted. The recombinant protease enzyme produced by Bacillus subtilis DB104 recombinant has higher activity compared to Bacillus subtilis DB104. The results of the recombinant protease enzyme characterization in the temperature range of 300C—600C and pH 5—9 show the highest activity at 500C and pH 9 which is 13.66 U/mL, so it included to the alkalotermophilic protease group.

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2019
T51854
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Widamayanti
"Bacillus halodurans CM1 berpotensi sebagai inang dalam menghasilkan beberapa jenis enzim yang berguna, seperti xilanase, lipase, dan protease. Selain sebagai penghasil enzim, salah satu gen potensial lainnya adalah gen resistan antibiotik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan resistansi B. halodurans CM1 terhadap eritromisin dan kanamisin serta diperoleh produk gen fungsional resistan eritromisin dan kanamisin dari B. halodurans CM1. Isolasi gen eritromisin dan kanamisin dari B. halodurans CM1 belum pernah dilakukan. Berdasarkan uji KHM, B. halodurans CM1 resistan terhadap eritromisin dan kanamisin. Isolasi gen resistan eritromisin dan kanamisin dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode amplifikasi PCR. Produk PCR yang diduga gen resistan eritromisin, yaitu gen ErmK dan BH0381. Produk PCR yang diduga gen resistan kanamisin, yaitu gen aadK dan APH. Gen ErmK dikloning dengan menggunakan kloning vektor pGEM-T Easy, sedangkan gen BH0381, aadK, dan APH dikloning dengan menggunakan kloning vektor pJET1.2/blunting. Vektor rekombinan ditransformasi ke Escherichia coli DH5alfa. Hasil analisis sekuens DNA menggunakan BLAST menunjukkan bahwa gen ErmKCM1 dan BH0381 masing-masing memiliki kemiripan 99,65% (GenBank No access: BH0380, ErmK) dan 99,45% (GenBank No access: BH0381, mphB) dengan sekuens dari B. halodurans C-125. Sekuens gen ErmKCM1 dan BH0381CM1 menunjukkan bahwa dua gen tersebut merupakan gen yang fungsional. Sekuens upstream dari gen BH0381CM1 dianalisis dan diperoleh bahwa terdapat 50 pb yang diduga promoter. Hasil analisis sekuens DNA menggunakan BLAST menunjukkan bahwa gen aadKCM1 dan APHCM1 masing-masing memiliki kemiripan 97,73% (GenBank No access: BH0322) dan 99,47% (GenBank No access: BH0326) dengan sekuens dari B. halodurans C-125. Hasil penyejajaran gen aadKCM1 menunjukkan adanya delesi enam pasang nukleotida pada lokus ke-354 hingga 359 yang menyebabkan frameshift, sehingga gen aadKCM1 tidak memiliki sekuens yang open reading frame (ORF). Hasil translasi gen aadKCM1 dan APHCM1 menunjukkan bahwa hanya sekuens gen APHCM1 dapat ditranslasi menjadi protein yang fungsional. Hasil uji resistansi kanamisin pada transforman yang membawa plasmid rekombinan promoter gen APHCM1-ORF dapat menyandikan resistan kanamisin dengan konsentrasi kanamisin sebesar 20 µg/mL.

Bacillus halodurans CM1 has potential as a host in producing several types of useful enzymes, such as xylanase, lipase, and protease. Besides industrial enzymes, one of the other potential genes is the antibiotic-resistant gene. This study aims to determine the ability of B. halodurans CM1 resistance to erythromycin and kanamycin and to obtain erythromycin and kanamycin-resistant functional gene products from B. halodurans CM1. Isolation of erythromycin and kanamycin genes from B. halodurans CM1 has never been done. Based on the MIC test, B. halodurans CM1 is resistant to erythromycin and kanamycin. Erythromycin and kanamycin resistance gene isolation was carried out using PCR amplification method. PCR products suspected of being erythromycin resistance genes, namely ErmK and BH0381 genes. PCR products suspected of being kanamycin resistance genes, namely genes aadK and APH. The ErmK gene was cloned using the pGEM-T Easy vector cloning, while the BH0381, aadK, and APH genes were cloned using the pJET1.2/blunting vector cloning. The recombinant vector was transformed into Escherichia coli DH5ï?¡. The results of DNA sequence analysis using BLAST showed that the ErmKCM1 and BH0381 genes each had 99.65% similarities (GenBank No access: BH0380, ErmK) and 99.45% (GenBank No access: BH0381, mphB) with the sequence of B. halodurans C-125. The results of the translation of the ErmKCM1 and BH0381CM1 genes indicate that the two genes are functional genes. The upstream sequence of the BH0381CM1 gene was analyzed and it was found that 50 bp was suspected as a promoter. The results of DNA sequence analysis using BLAST showed that the aadKCM1 and APHCM1 genes each had a similarity of 97.73% (GenBank No access: BH0322) and 99.47% (GenBank No access: BH0326) with the sequence of B. halodurans C-125. The alignment of the aadKCM1 gene shows the deletion of six nucleotide pairs at the 354-359 locus that causes frameshift, so the aadKCM1 gene does not have an open reading frame (ORF) sequence. The translation of aadKCM1 and APHCM1 genes show that only the APHCM1 gene sequence can be translated into a functional protein. The results of kanamycin resistance test on transformants carrying plasmids with native promoter APHCM1-ORF gene can encode kanamycin resistance with a kanamycin concentration of 20 µg/mL."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2020
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Shanni Fernanda
"Enzim merupakan biokatalisator yang banyak digunakan di bidang industri, terutama deterjen, farmasi, makanan bahkan pemurnian minyak. Salah satu enzim yang banyak digunakan untuk pemurnian minyak ialah lysophospholipase. Sebanyak 50 kebutuhan enzim industri diperoleh dari mikroorganisme. Akan tetapi umumnya produk aktivitas enzim oleh mikroba galur liar kurang memadai untuk aplikasi di industri, sehingga perlu dilakukan rekayasa genetik. Pengklonaan gen penyandi lysophospholipase pernah dilakukan di Aspergillus niger dan Cryptococcus neoformans, tetapi belum pernah dilakukan dari bakteri alkalotermofilik. Bacillus halodurans CM1 merupakan bakteri alkalotrmofilik isolat BPPT. Penelitian terdahulu menujukkan bahwa bakteri tersebut memiliki enzim lipase, tetapi belum diteliti lebih lanjut mengenai jenis dan lipase rekombinannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengklona gen penyandi lysophospholipase dari Bacillus halodurans CM1 ke Escherichia coli DH5? menggunakan vektor pGEM-T easy. Plasmid rekombinan tersebut disekuensing. Hasil penelitian diperoleh fragmen gen penyandi lysophospholipase yang berukuran 783 pasang basa serta tingkat homologi 100 dengan genom Bacillus halodurans C-125 yang menyandi gen lysophospholipase No akses GenBank: BA000004.3.

Enzyme is a biocatalyst widely used in industry, for example detergent, pharmaceutical, food or oil purification. One of the most widely used enzymes for oil purification is lysophospholipase. As much as 50 of industrial enzyme needs are obtained from microorganisms. However, enzyme productivty from wild type microbial strain is usually limited and not applicable in industry, so that genetic engineering is necessary. Cloning gene encoding for lysophospholipase was once performed in Aspergillus niger and Cryptococcus neoformans, but has never been done from alkalothermophilic bacteria, such as Bacillus halodurans. Bacillus halodurans CM1 is an isolate of BPPT. Previous research has shown that this bacteria have lipase enzymes, but the study about their propertieshave not been conducted. This study aims to clone the gene t lysophospholipase from Bacillus halodurans CM1 to Escherichia coli DH5 using the pGEM T easy vector. The recombinant plasmid is sequenced. The results is gene fragment encoding lysophospholipase obtained with size 783 base pairs and 100 similiraty with gene encoding lysophospholipase from Bacillus halodurans C 125 No access GenBank BA000004.3."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2017
S67230
UI - Skripsi Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Vallery Athalia Priyanka
"Efisiensi transformasi plasmid rekombinanyang rendah ke dalam bakteri wild-type disebabkan oleh mekanisme pertahanan dari sel bakteri. Enzim restriksi dalam sel bakteri target dapat mendegradasi plasmid rekombinan. Transformasi plasmid pBBRE194 rekombinan yang mengandung gen protease dari Bacillus halodurans CM1 (pBBRE194 prot-CM1) telah dilakukan, tetapi efisiensi transformasi rendah dan klona rekombinan yang didapatkan tidak menunjukkan sifat yang stabil. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memetilasi plasmid pBBRE194 prot-CM1 dan transformasi plasmid pBBRE194 prot-CM1 termetilasi secara konjugasi ke B. halodurans CM1, kemudian menganalisis aktivitas enzim protease yang dihasilkan B. halodurans CM1 pembawa plasmid pBBRE194 prot-CM1. Aktivitas spesifik (U/mg) protease yang dihasilkan oleh B. halodurans CM1 rekombinan dianalisis dengan cara mengukur unit aktivitas (U/mL) dengan metode Amano dan kadar protein (mg/mL) dengan metode Bradford. Plasmid pBBRE194 prot-CM1 dalam E. coli TOP10 berhasil dimetilasi oleh gen methylase pada plasmid pPAMC125 yang diinduksi oleh 0,02% L-arabinosa. Konjugasi plasmid pBBRE194 prot-CM1 termetilasi ke B. halodurans CM1 berhasil dilakukan dan terpilih 1 klona B. halodurans CM1 rekombinan yang telah terverifikasi. Verifikasi dilakukan berdasarkan kemampuan klona dalam mendegradasi protein pada media selektif yang mengandung skim milk dan tetracycline. Verifikasi berdasarkan polymerase chain reaction dengan mendeteksi sekuens gen resistan tetracycline pada klona juga dilakukan. Proses PCR koloni pada B. halodurans CM1 rekombinan menunjukkan terbentuknya pita DNA ukuran 1024 bp yaitu ukuran gen resistan tetracycline pada plasmid pBBRE194 prot-CM1. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa aktivitas spesifik B. halodurans CM1 rekombinan (660,700 U/mg) lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kontrol negatif, yaitu B. halodurans CM1 wild-type (1054,928 U/mg). Analisis aktivitas protease dilakukan pada suhu 50 oC dan pH 12.

Transformation rate into wild-type bacteria is commonly low because of the cell defense mechanism of the bacteria. Restriction modification (RM) in bacteria cells can prevent the introduction of recombinant plasmid into target bacteria. Previously, the transformation of recombinant shuttle vector pBBRE194 containing protease gene (pBBRE194 prot-CM1) into wild-type Bacillus halodurans CM1 has been conducted. However, the transformation rate seemed low, and the stable recombinant clones could not be obtained. Therefore, in vivo methylation of this plasmid in E. coli has to be done before genetic transformation into the wild-type bacterium, to obtain stable recombinant B. halodurans CM1. In this study, a plasmid with artificial modification (pPAMC125) harboring genes encoding for the modification enzymes (methylases) from another strain, B. halodurans C-125, and pBBRE194 prot-CM1 plasmid were transformed by conjugation into B. halodurans CM1. Specific activity (U/mg) of protease produced by recombinant B. halodurans CM1 was analyzed by measuring activity units (U/mL) by the Amano method and protein quantity (mg/mL) by the Bradford method. The pBBRE194 prot-CM1 might be methylated by methylases that was induced by 0.02% L-arabinose. Conjugation of the methylated pBBRE194 prot-CM1 to B. halodurans CM1 was successfully carried out and recombinant B. halodurans CM1 was verified. The verification of a recombinant clone is based on its ability to degrade proteins on selective media containing skim milk and tetracycline. Also beside, verification based on polymerase chain reaction was also carried out by detecting tetracycline resistance gene sequences. The PCR result in recombinant clone amplified the 1024 bp DNA, which the size of the tetracycline resistance gene in pBBRE194 prot-CM1 plasmid. The analysis of protease activity showed that the specific activity of the recombinant clone (660.700 U/mg) was lower than the negative control, which B. halodurans CM1 wild-type (1054.928 U/mg). The analysis was carried out at 50oC and pH 12. "
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2020
T-pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Haniyya
"Penelitian karakterisasi produk gen sintetik lipase Thermomyces lanuginosus yang diekspresikan oleh Bacillus subtilis DB104 rekombinan K7 bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh suhu, pH, dan ion logam terhadap aktivitas lipase. Bacillus subtilis DB104 promXynAQ1 non rekombinan digunakan sebagai kontrol. Lipase rekombinan optimal diproduksi pada media LB yang mengandung substrat minyak zaitun 1% selama 24 jam. Aktivitas lipase rekombinan diuji pada berbagai variasi perlakuan suhu (40°C--80°C), pH (5--10), dan penambahan ion logam menggunakan metode uji aktivitas spektrofotometri p-nitrofenil palmitat (pNPP assay). Data aktivitas spesifik lipase rekombinan dianalisis menggunakan data standar deviasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lipase rekombinan aktif maksimal pada suhu 80°C dan optimal pH 8 dengan aktivitas spesifik sebesar 1,488 U/mg. Penambahan ion logam Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, dan senyawa pengelat EDTA berpengaruh menghambat aktivitas enzim lipase rekombinan.

The research of characterization of lipase Thermomyces lanuginosus synthetic gene product expressed by recombinant Bacillus subtilis DB104 had been conducted to investigate the effects of temperature, pH, and metal ions toward the enzymatic activity. Non recombinant lipase of Bacillus subtilis DB104 promXynAQ1 was used as control. Recombinant lipase was optimally produced using LB media containing 1% olive oil during 24 hours incubation time. Recombinant lipase was assayed in various treatments of temperature (40°C--80°C), pH (5--10), and metal ion addition using spectrophotometric method of p-nitrophenyl palmitate assay (pNPP assay). Specific activity of recombinant lipase data were analyzed with deviation standard. Experiment results showed that activity of recombinant lipase is maximum at temperature 80°C and optimum at pH 8 in the amount of 1,488 U/mg. The presence of metal cations Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, and chelating-agent EDTA gave an inhibitory effect on recombinant lipase activity."
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2016
S61788
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Sansinenea, Estibaliz, editor
"Genetic improvement of Bt natural strains, in particular Bt recombination, offers a promising means of improving efficacy and cost-effectiveness of Bt-based bioinsecticide products to develop new biotechnological applications. On the other hand, the different Bacillus species have important biotechnological applications; one of them is carried out by producing secondary metabolites, which are the study object of natural product chemistry. The amazing structural variability of these compounds has attracted the curiosity of chemists and the biological activities possessed by natural products have inspired the pharmaceutical industry to search for lead structures in microbial extracts. Screening of microbial extracts reveals the large structural diversity of natural compounds with broad biological activities, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, immunosuppressive, and antitumor activities that enable the bacterium to survive in its natural environment. These findings widen the target range of Bacillus spp., in special B. thuringiensis, besides insecticidal activity and help people to better understand its role in soil ecosystem."
Dordrecht, Netherlands: Springer, 2012
e20405799
eBooks  Universitas Indonesia Library
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