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"ABSTRAK Penyakit kresek daun adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae. Penyakit kresek daun ini sering menyerang tanaman padi. Apabila terserang penyakit kresek daun, apalagi dalam usia tanam yang masih muda akan menyebabkan kematian. Kerugian akibat penyakit kresek daun dapat mencapai 60%. Monitoring untuk mengurangi dampak serangan penyakit kresek daun dilakukan dengan memetakan sebaran padi terdampak kresek daun di Kabupaten Karawang. Pemetaan dilakukan dengan teknologi penginderaan jauh dengan citra multispektral landsat menggunakan metode LSU (Linear Spectral Unmixing) dan pemetaan dengan data luas serangan yang diperoleh dari hasil pengamatan lapangan menggunakan hyperspectral. Pemetaan yang dilakukan adalah untuk melihat pola sebaran setiap bulan pada setiap kecamatan pada kurun waktu 10 tahun yaitu tahun 2005-2014. Analisa dan pemetaan faktor iklim yang merupakan faktor fisik seperti suhu udara, kelembaban udara dan curah hujan dilakukan untuk melihat seberapa besar pengaruh ketiga faktor fisik ini terhadap luas serangan penyakit kresek daun di Kabupaten Karawang.ABSTRACT Bacterial leaf blight was a disease caused by the bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae. This disease often attacked the rice plant and could cause the death, especially at the young age. The loss due to this bacterial leaf blight could reach up to 60%. We made spatial distribution of bacterial leaf blight for monitoring and reducing its impacts to the rice plant in Kabupaten Karawang. Mapping processed by technology of remote sensing with landsat image multispectral data using Linear Spectral Unmixing (LSU) method also mapping the attacked area obtained from fields observation using hyperspectral, in having the pattern distribution every months on eachs sub-district during 2005-2014 (10 years). We investigated also the climate influence as the physical factors, such as temperature, humidity and rainfall to affect on these three parameters to the bacterial leaf blight disease in Kabupaten Karawang."

"Pemulsaan merupakan teknik yang sering digunakan petani di Indonesia untuk mengendalikan gulma pada area penanaman. Daun ketapang gugur yang merupakan sampah masih memiliki banyak manfaat salah satunya dapat dijadikan sebagai mulsa organik untuk mengendalikan gulma. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas penggunaan mulsa daun ketapang gugur dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma dan pengaruhnya terhadap pertumbuhan serta produktivitas tanaman tomat. Penelitian terdiri atas tiga perlakuan yaitu tanpa mulsa, mulsa daun ketapang, dan mulsa plastik dengan masing-masing terdiri atas empat ulangan. Tanaman tomat ditanam di bedengan selama delapan pekan pengamatan. Efektivitas penggunaan mulsa ditinjau dari parameter tanah, pertumbuhan vegetatif tanaman, produktivitas tanaman tomat, dan pertumbuhan gulma. Hasil pengamatan parameter tanah seperti suhu, pH, dan kelembapan menunjukkan rerata yang cenderung seragam pada semua perlakuan. Berdasarkan uji Anova, tinggi tanaman, berat basah tanaman, dan kadar klorofil tidak berbeda nyata antar perlakuan. Data generatif tanaman yang diamati berupa waktu berbunga. Penggunaan mulsa daun ketapang gugur dinilai sangat efektif dalam menghambat pertumbuhan gulma. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan informasi tambahan terhadap pemanfaatan daun ketapang gugur dalam mempengaruhi produktivitas tanaman dan pengendalian gulma.

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Mulching is a technique often used by farmers in Indonesia to control weeds in planting areas. Ketapang fallen leaves which are considered as a waste still have benefit, they can be used as organic mulch to control weeds. The purpose of this study was to analyze the effectiveness of using mulch of ketapang fallen leaves on weed control and tomato plant productivity. This study consisted of three treatments, without mulching, leaf mulch of Ketapang, and plastic mulch each consisting of four replications. Tomato plants were planted in raised beds for eight weeks. The effectiveness of using mulch was determined from soil parameters, vegetative growth, plant productivity, and weed growth. The observations on soil parameters such as temperature, pH, and humidity, showed average values tend to be uniform in all treatments. Based on the Anova test, vegetative growth such as plant height, fresh weight, and chlorophyll content were not significantly different. The plant productivity is measured at the time flowers appears. The use of ketapang fallen leaves as mulch is considered very effective in inhibiting weed growth. This study is expected to provide additional information on the use of ketapang fallen leaves in influencing plant productivity and weed control."

"Kawasan Gunung Patuha merupakan kawasan agropolitan dengan lanskap berupa areal budi daya tanaman pangan. Untuk mengaturkehidupan, masyarakat membudidayakan tanaman pangan di areal pertanian, perkebunan teh, dan hutan. Pengukuran aset mata pencaharian masyarakat sangat penting karena orang yang tinggal di ketinggian berbeda memiliki akses terhadap aset mata pencaharian yang berbeda. Perbedaan kepemilikan aset mata pencaharian mempengaruhi pilihan strategi mata pencaharian yang dibuat oleh masyarakat. Selain melaksanakan kegiatan budidaya tanaman pangan, strategi mata pencaharian masyarakat yang harus dilakukan adalah mendiversifikasi mata pencaharian untuk memenuhi mata pencahariannya. Aset mata pencaharian masyarakat di Kawasan Pegunungan Patuha sangat besar bervariasi, secara umum kepemilikan aset mata pencaharian masyarakat berada pada kelasnya sedang sampai tinggi. Kepemilikan aset alam merupakan basis utama masyarakat mendiversifikasi mata pencaharian untuk memaksimalkan pendapatan dan meminimalkan resiko. Semakin rendah tuntutan kepemilikan aset alam mendiversifikasi semakin tinggi. Rendahnya kepemilikan aset alam bagi petani teh dan kopi menyebabkan petani melakukan diversifikasi mata pencaharian mereka memanfaatkan aset sosialnya. Sedangkan petani padi memiliki hortikultura kekuatan aset alam di ketinggian lebih dari 1.500 mdpl tidak terdiversifikasi mata pencaharian, tetapi pada ketinggian kurang dari 1.500 mdpl diversifikasi mata pencaharian. Pasalnya, masa panen 3-6 bulan sekalidan harga komoditas musiman.

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The Patuha Mountain area is an agropolitan area with a landscape in the form of an area for cultivating food crops. To regulate life, people cultivate food crops in agricultural areas, tea plantations, and forests. The measurement of community livelihood assets is very important because people living at different heights have access to different livelihood assets. Differences in ownership of livelihood assets affect the choice of livelihood strategies made by communities. Besides carrying out food plant cultivation activities, the community livelihood strategy that must be carried out is diversifying their livelihoods to meet their livelihoods. The livelihood assets of the people in the Patuha Mountains are enormous varied, in general the ownership of community livelihood assets was in the medium to high class. Ownership of natural assets is the main basis for society to diversify their livelihoods to maximize income and minimize risks. The lower the demand for natural asset ownership, the higher the diversification. The low ownership of natural assets for tea and coffee farmers causes farmers to diversify their livelihoods by utilizing their social assets. While rice farmers have horticultural strength of natural assets at an altitude of more than 1,500 masl, there is no diversification of livelihoods, but at an altitude of less than 1,500 masl of livelihood diversification. The reason is, the harvest period is once every 3-6 months and seasonal commodity prices."

"Indonesia has enhanced many of its institution frameworks, regulations and laws In order to inllne WTO codes of good practice, where standardization is one of the prerequisites to it. Since 2002, Government of Indonesia through Ministry of Industry of Trade has enacted Decree's No. 140/MPP/Kep/3/2002 in order to raise success of agribusiness that inline with sustainable environment and enhance customer protection. It Is expected that with this Decree the success of agribusiness can be seen from the increase in the agriculture production, especially primary crop plants.The research objectives for this thesis are to see if the Implementation of mandatory SNI on fertilizer can Increase the production of the primary crop plants, also to see any Implementation effect to fertilizer's producer and all the import's stakeholders. Modified Cobb-Douglas production function with data panel regression is used to measure the impact of mandatory SNl on fertilizer to production of the primary crop plants quantitatively. Qualitative and descriptive statistics approaches are used to measure any Implementation effect of that SNI.First part of the conclusion shows that, although small, there is a positive effect on the primary crop plants production after the implementation of Mandatory SNI on fertilizer. This finding is enhanced with the fact from qualitative findings, that it seems the implementation of Mandatory SNI on fertilizer has little/no effect to the fact that the use of minimum standards somehow restricts trade more than what tariff did, with many findings supports the fact that the possibility that this standard give negative effect as technical barrier to trade is small.Secondly, from fertilizer's producer perspective, the implementation of the Mandatory SNI on fertilizer gives them many benefits compare with the relatively small cost of comply to that SNI. Although Indonesian Customs and law enforcement gain significance advantages with this SNrs implementation, importers have to bear additional cost in order to have the right using SN! Label.Overall results conclude that although the implementation of Mandatory SNI on fertilizer appears to have positive effects in increasing production and productivity of the primary crop plants, Indonesia critically needs a large, significant increase fn primary crop plants' production and productivity if the target of national food selfsufficiency program (Ketahanan Pangan Nasional) becomes reality."