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"Bekatul atau katul (rice bran) adalah hasil tambahan pabrik penggilingan padi. Bekatul dimanfaatkan untuk bermacam-macam tujuan, tetapiyang paling banyak adalah untuk bahan makanan ternak. Penentuan mutunya dilakukan dengan cara menentukan kadar proteinnya.Percobaan ini bertujuan mencarr cara penentuan mutu bekatul yang cukup teliti, mudah dan sederhana. Maksudnya agar dapat dilakukan oleh peternak-peternak kecil yang tidak mempunyai peralatan laboratorium lengkap.Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa dengan menentukan kadar abu yang tak larut baik dalam air maupun dalam asam mineral encer dapat dihitung kadarprotein bekatul, dengan bantuan grafik. Cara ini lebih mudah dilakukan dan hasilnya cukup teliti karena kesalahannya maksimum 2,5%."

"Serai wangi Cymbopogon nardus L. merupakan tanaman penghasil minyak atsiri di Indonesia. Proses penyulingan akan menghasilkan residu yang berpotensi dijadikan sebagai pengganti hijauan untuk pakan ternak. Proses kecernaan pakan pada rumen kerbau atau cairan rumen perlu diteliti lebih lanjut. Sehingga perlu dilakukan penelitian mengenai degradasi pakan serai wangi segar dan residu serai wangi secara in sacco, serta perbedaan karakteristik fermentasi pakan dengan cairan rumen kerbau secara in sacco dan in vitro. Uji metode in sacco dengan sampel residu dan serai wangi segar, dilakukan di dalam fistula kerbau pada jam ke-0, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24 dan 48 jam, sedangkan in vitro dilakukan di dalam syringe dengan 5 perlakuan, yaitu A 0,4 g residu serai wangi, B 0,4 g residu serai wangi 0,01 g konsentrat, C 0,4 g residu serai wangi 0,02 g konsentrat, D 0,01 g konsentrat dan E 0,02 g konsentrat. Hasil penelitian in sacco menunjukkan bahwa residu dan serai wangi segar memiliki perbedaan bahan kering 95,56 dan 94,52, bahan organik 89,57 dan 88,1, serat kasar 35,03 dan 36,00, lemak kasar 2,79 dan 1,96, protein kasar 5,82 dan 7,15, neutral detergent fiber NDF 73,67 dan 70,17, tanin 1,18 dan 1,21mg/g, sedangkan DBK, DBO dan DNDF mengalami kenaikan tingkat degradasi sampai dengan pengamatan 48 jam. Hasil uji in vitro menunjukkan, bahwa produksi metana tertinggi adalah perlakuan D, sebesar 98,2, kemudian E 92,06, C 17,71, A 15,33 and B 13,54. Berdasarkan kedua penelitian tersebut, diketahui bahwa kemungkinan residu serai wangi dapat digunakan untuk pakan ternak ruminansia dan metana dapat direduksi oleh residu serai wangi.

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Citronella Cymbopogon nardus L. is an essential oil producing plant in Indonesia. The refining process will produce a residue that has a potential forage for animal feed. However, the process of digestibility on buffalo rumen or fluid rumen should be studied further. Therefore, research should be done to study citronella degradation and fresh citronella residue using in sacco, As well as the differences concentration of methane affected by the different forage concentration given by in vitro. Residue sample and citronella analysis was done using in sacco method, inside buffalo fistula on 0,2,4,6,12,24, and 48 hours observations. Whereas in vitro method was carried out in syringe with 5 treatments, ie a 0.4 g the residue of citronella, B 0.4 g the residue of citronella 0.01 g of concentrate, C 0.4 g the residue of citronella 0.02 g of concentrate, D 0,01 g of concentrate and E 0.02 g concentrate.

The study using in sacco method showed that residues and fresh citronella has dried material difference 95.56 and 94.52, organic material 89.57 and 88.1, crude fiber 35.03 and 36.00, crude fat 2.79 and 1.96, crude protein 5.82 and 7.15, neutral detergent fiber NDF 73.67 and 70.17, tannins 1.18 And 1.21mg g, while DBK, DBO and DNDF had increased rate of degradation on 48 hour observation. The results of in vitro study showed that the highest methane production is treatment D, it was 98.2, followed by E 92.06, C 17.71, A 15.33, B 13.54. Based on these two studies, we can see that residue citronella can be potentially used as animal feed and methane can be reduced by residues of citronella."

"Fifteen Dairy cattle of Holstein Crossbred heifer were used for estimating rumen microbial protein synthesis. The cattle fed by a single diet of King Grass (KG), Corn Stover (CS) or rice straw (RS) ad libitum as basal diet that was supplemented by a high protein concentrate. Microbial protein synthesis were estimated from derivatives concentration. Data obtained: microbial protein synthesis (MPS) were analyzed using analyses of variance, in split plot and completely randomized design. The means differences were analyzed by DMRT. The result of this research showed that purin derivatives concentration of cattle fed on KG, CS, and RS were 75.07; 67.72 and 61.88 mmol/day, respectively. The production of microbial protein synthesis value were respectively 55.79, 49.43 and 44.35 gN/day and it was significantly different among diet (P<0.01). The Duncan test showed that KG's diet was the highest followed by CS's diet and RS's was the lowest. "

"Dadap Duri atau Erythrina subumbrans adalah salah satu tanaman yang dimanfaatkan oleh masyarakat Sumatera Barat dalam pengobatan diabetes mellitus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak etanol 70% daun Dadap Duri terhadap profil lipid tikus yang diinduksi pakan tinggi lemak dan streptozotocin dosis rendah. Pada penelitian ini, sebanyak 24 ekor tikus jantan galur Wistar dikelompokkan menjadi enam kelompok (n=4). Satu kelompok normal tidak berikan perlakuan sedangkan lima kelompok lainnya (negatif, metformin, dan tiga kelompok variasi dosis ekstrak etanol daun Dadap Duri) diinduksi dengan pakan tinggi lemak dan streptozotocin dosis rendah. Kelompok negatif diberikan 0,5% CMC, kelompok positif diberikan metformin dosis 90 mg/200 gBB secara per oral, dan tiga kelompok variasi ekstrak etanol 70% daun dadap duri dosis 50 mg/200 gBB, 100 mg/200 gBB, dan 200 mg/200 gBB secara peroral. Tikus diinduksi oleh pakan tinggi lemak dengan komposisi pakan standar : tallow : sukrosa : mentega (50:20:20:10) selama 28 hari lalu diinjeksikan streptozotocin dosis 40 mg/kgBB dan nikotinamid 110 mg/kgBB secara i.p. Titik pengambilan sampel untuk pengujian profil lipid yakni sebelum diberikan pakan tinggi lemak, setelah diberikan pakan tinggi lemak, setelah diinduksi streptozotocin, dan setelah diberikan ekstrak. Dosis III EEDD serupa dengan metformin dalam mempengaruhi profil lipid (p>0,05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, EEDD memiliki pengaruh terhadap profil lipid hewan model.

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Dadap Duri or Erythrina subumbrans is one of the plants used by the people in West Sumatera for Diabetes Mellitus treatment. This study aimed to determine the effect of 70% ethanol extract of Dadap Duri leaves on the lipid profile of rats induced by a highfat diet, streptozotocin, and nicotinamide. In this study, 24 male Wistar rats were grouped into six groups (n=4). One group as normal group was not treated, while the other five groups (negative, metformin, and three groups of varying doses of EEDD) were induced with a high-fat diet, streptozotocin, and nicotinamide. The negative group was given 0.5% CMC, the positive group was given metformin at a dose of 90 mg/200 gBW orally, and three groups of variations of 70% ethanol extract of Dadap Duri leaves doses of 50 mg/200 gBW, 100 mg/200 gBW, and 200 mg/200 gBW respectively. A high-fat-diet-induced rat with standard feed composition: tallow: sucrose: butter (50:20:20:10) for 28 days and then injected with streptozotocin at 40 mg/kg BW and nicotinamide 110 mg/kgBW by i.p. The sampling points for testing the lipid profile as follow before being given a high-fat diet, after being given a high-fat diet, after being induced by STZ+NA, and being given the extract. Dose III EEDD is similar to metformin in influencing the lipid profile. Based on these results, EEDD affects the lipid profile of animal models."