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"Sepuluh tahun baru berlalu sejak'reformasi total'terpekik,sejak ribuan ibu relakan uang pembeli susu anak-anaknya untuk nasi bungkus,sejak derap kaum muda menggetarkan jalan-jalan utama kota dengan'bergerak dan bersatu,membangun Indonesia baru...."

"Issues concerning empowering of women and child welfare in millenium development goals of Indonesia."

"Tujuan penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa diterapkannya pragmatisme Amerika dan adanya kesempatan yang diperoleh perempuan untuk bekerja di masa Perang Dunia II dan melahirkan rasa penghargaan (self-esteem) dan rasa kemampuan aktualisasi diri (self actualization). Metode Penelitian kualitatif dengan sumber data teks. Jenis penelitian kepustakaan, sifat penelitian deskriptif, interpretatif dan analitis. Metode pengumpulan data melalui penelitian kepustakaan dan pola pengkajian teori. Sifat penelitian induktif.Sumber kajian: primer dan sekunder. Permasalahan Penelitian adalah diterapkannya pragmatisme Amerika dan adanya kesempatan yang diperoleh perempuan untuk bekerja di luar era Perang Dunia II.Landasan Teori: 1 )Teori Kebudayaan yang mencakup konsep kebutuhan adab. 2}.Teori Kebudayaan dalam Feminisme, mencakup: feminisme liberal, hubungan feminisme dan kapitalisme, tekanan terhadap kaum perempuan, bakat dan keterampilan perempuan. supremasi laki-laki, kesetaraan antara perempuan dan laki-laki. reaksi neurotik perempuan terhadap kekuatan hakiki kaum pria, struktur dan diskriminasi gender dan tenaga profesionalisme. 3). Pragmatisme yang mencakup: persepsi tentang kebenaran, the theory of meaning, persepsi tentang manusia, teori humanisme, konsep the tough-minded soul, ajaran tentang demokrasi individualisme dan idealisme Amerika. 5).Teori Kepribadian Humanistik yang mencakup: kebutuhan rasa penghargaan (self-esteem), kebutuhan rasa aktualisasi diri, pemenuhan D-motivation dan pencapaian B-metamotivation﷓Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pragmatisme Amerika memberikan kesempatan kepada perempuan untuk bekerja sehingga melahirkan rasa penghargaan diri (self esteem). rasa kemampuan aktualisasi did (self actualization), pemenuhan D-motiuation dan mencapai B-metamotivation.Sikap paradoks pragmatis pemerintah dan masyarakat kapitalis Amerika yang memberikan kesempatan kepada perempuan untuk mencapai (self-esteem) dan (self-actualization), membuktikan bahwa perempuan ternyata pekerja profesional secara alamiah dan naluriah. Namun. kesempatan ini hanya dinikmati sesaat karena diterapkannya kembali pragmatisme sehingga perempuan kehilangan pekerjaan. Hal ini membuktikan bahwa pria mendahulukan "American Adam" dan menerapkan "set -recognition" sebagai pengaruh kebudayaan laki-laki.

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The purpose of research is to prove that the implementation of American Pragmatism and the working opportunity obtained by women in the era of World War II creating women's need of self-esteem and self-actualization.

The Method of Research is the Qualitative Method of which texts as data's resources, the type of research is library research, the nature of research is descriptive, interpretative and analytical. The method of collecting data is through the library research using the pattern of theoretical analysis. The resources of data analysis are primary and secondary.

The problem of the research if the implementation of American Pragmatism and the working opportunity obtained by women in the era of World War II.

The Theoretical Framework: I). The theory of culture included the concepts of- the Cultural Need, the Cultural Theory of Feminism, covered.- Liberal feminism, the r elation between ,feminism and Capitalism, pressure towards women, women's talent and skill, men's supremacy. The equality between men and women, women's neurotic reaction towards men's natural strength, the structure & gender discrimination and professional workers. The theory of Pragmatism include, the concepts of truth, the theory of meaning, the pragmatic perception of men, humanism, the tough-minded soul, the teaching of democracy - individualism and American Idealism.

The Humanistic theory by Abraham Maslow included: the need of self-esteem, the need of self-actualization, D-motivation and B-metamotivation.

The method of research: qualitative method, textual data resources, type of research: library research, the nature of research: descriptive, interpretative and analytical research. The method of data collecting through the library research and the method of theoritical analysis and inductive research. Primary and secondary analitical resources.

The result of research: to prove that the application of American Pragmatism provided the opportunity ,for American women to replace men's positions had created the women's need of self-esteem, self-actualization, D-motivation and B-metamotivation.

The pragmatic paradox attitude of American government and society has provided the c 7ortunities to women to achieve their self-esteem, self-actualization, D-motivation and B-metamotivation, proved that American women are obviously natural and professional workers. Nevetheless, these opportunities only given to women until the government and the capitalists applied another pragmatic decisions which gave priority to men workers, sot hat, the women should leave their jobs and go back to household. This condition proved that the American government and capitalists provide priority to men as revelation of ?American Adam? and the application of ?self-recognition? theories as the impact of men?s culture."

"Budaya Patriarkal merupakan budaya yang sangat mengakar dan melembaga, budaya ini berusaha mendominasi dunia dan mengeluarkan posisi perempuan. Pembongkaran budaya patriarkal telah dilakukan oleh rentetan tiga gelombang besar feminisme, namun akar dari keberadaan patriarkal sebenarnya adalah politik. Oleh karena itu usaha pendobrakan patriarkal harus dilakukan dengan mendobrak sistem politik yang bekerja di dalamnya. Politik sendiri sejak muncul telah menghilangkan perempuan dan hal ini telah berlangsung hingga saat ini.Persoalan politik dan perempuan merupakan sebuah usaha dalam pencapaian identitas perempuan sebagai political being, sebuah identitas yang secara alamiah dimiliki oleh perempuan namun tidak dapat dimilikinya bahkan dikenalnya. Akar dari peminggiran politik perempuan adalah terjadinya pembatasan uang privat dan publik yang bersumber pada persoalan nature dan culture. Perempuan selalu dipatok pada yang privat sehingga akses mereka untuk mencapai ranah publik sangat sulit, padahal kebebasan ruang publik merupakan salah satu instrument prasyarat penting dalam mendukung subjek politik. Diperlukan sebuah system politik yang mampu mengakomodir perempuan ke dalamnya dan menuju pada telos keadilan sesuai dengan Esensi sebenarnya dari politik.Patriarchal culture is a culture that really strong and have legitimate, this culture try to dominated world and excluding women. Deconstruction to patriarchal culture had been done by big three feminism wave, but the truth root of patriarchal is politics. Politics growing in patriarchal and work with sturdy, cause of that effort to deconstruct patriarchal must done by deconstruct politics system that work inside. Since politics emerge, it had been eliminating women and this situation happen till today. Politics problem and women try to reaching women identity as political being, this identity stay naturally in women self but women never have that identity even to know more about it. The roots of boundary women politics happen in demarcation private and public emerge from nature and culture problem. Women always stay in private; it makes their access to reaching public room very difficult, though the freedom of public room is one of the important criterion instruments in supporting politic subject. We needed a politics system that has capability to accommodate women to the system and goes to target justice according with the essential meaning of politics."

"ABSTRACTThis paper discusses gender bias within the Indonesian historiography tradition. Various historical literature records that all major events in Indonesian history as a nation are masculine and strongly dominated by male narratives.There is no space for women to be present in the narratives of the past. As if the history of Indonesia is a history of men, whereas if critical research is done then women such as men have a past narrative that is also important. Women are present and give meaning to the development of the nations history. This matter is absent in Indonesian historiography. The strength of gender bias in the historiography of Indonesia can not be separated from the strong patriarchal culture in the life of society. Thus the gender bias ultimately forms a canon, so this is then reproduced from generation to generation. This article argues that critical research by revealing a new fact is a power to change gender bias in Indonesian historiography."

"The study examine Gender Equality and Justice bill (RUU KKG) debate in the parliament and why it failed or being postponed by the House of Representatives in 2014 ..."