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"Background: Each kidney injury may develop into chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end stage renal disease (ESRD) that associates with high mortality and socio-economic burden. There is limited data about clinical characteristics of children having CKD in developing countries, espesially in Indonesia.Objective: To describe clinical profiles and characteristics of kidney diseases in adolescents aged 15-18 years.Methods: This study was a cross-sectional study which used data from National Basic Health Survey (Riskesdas) 2013. There were 2 data groups. The first data group included questionnaires about history of kidney stone disease, hypertension, chronic renal failure, antihypertension administration, and blood pressure measurement. The second data group included subsamples of the first group which had laboratory test results, i.e. hemoglobin and serum creatinine levels. All of the data were classified by nutritional status, estimated glomerulofiltration rate (eGFR), blood pressure classification, and hemoglobin level.Results: Among 52,454 adolescents in the first data group, 20,537 (39%) had kidney diseases with female predominance and good nutritional status. Other findings found were history of kidney stone disease (0.2%), chronic renal failure (0.1%), history of hypertension (0.6%), antihypertensive agents consumption (0.1%). Prehypertension and hypertension were found in 51% and 48.3% of adolescents, respectively. Adolescents with decreased eGFR were accounted for 1.4%.Conclusion: The proportion of prehypertension and hypertension in adolescents aged 15-18 years in Indonesia is high. Hence, routine blood pressure measurement is important for early detection and prevention of kidney disease progression.

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Latar belakang: setiap gangguan ginjal berisiko menjadi penyakit ginjal kronik dan gagal ginjal terminal yang berkaitan dengan peningkatan mortalitas dan beban pembiayaan. Di negara berkembang, khususnya di Indonesia, data di komunitas mengenai penyakit ginjal kronik masih sangat terbatas. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui profil klinis dan karakteristik penyakit ginjal pada remaja berusia 15-18 tahun di Indonesia.

Metode: penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang yang mengolah data Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013 pada anak remaja berusia 15-18 tahun. Terdapat dua kelompok data berdasarkan pencatatan di lapangan. Kelompok data I meliputi data subjek yang diperoleh dengan menggunakan kuesioner, meliputi riwayat batu ginjal, gagal ginjal kronik, riwayat hipertensi, riwayat minum obat antihipertensi, serta pemeriksaan fisis berupa pengukuran tekanan darah. Kelompok data II adalah subyek pada kelompok data I yang dilengkapi dengan data laboratorium, berupa kadar hemoglobin dan kreatinin serum.

Hasil: dari 52.454 didapatkan 20.537 (39%) remaja dengan penyakit ginjal pada kelompok data I, dengan karakteristik sebagian besar perempuan dengan status gizi baik. Terdapat riwayat batu ginjal sebanyak 0,2%, gagal ginjal kronik 0,1%, riwayat hipertensi 0,6%, riwayat minum obat antihipertensi 0,1%. Pada pemeriksaan tekanan darah ditemukan stadium pra-hipertensi dan hipertensi, masing-masing 51,4% dan 48,3%. Kelompok data II menunjukkan subjek dengan penurunan fungsi ginjal sebesar 1,4%. Kesimpulan: angka hipertensi dan pra-hipertensi pada remaja usia 15-18 tahun di Indonesia cukup tinggi. Pemeriksaan tekanan darah secara teratur perlu dilakukan sebagai upaya deteksi dini, untuk mencegah progresivitas penyakit."

"Cardiovascular disease causes 8.6 million deaths of women every year, which is the major cause of death by one-third of all deaths of women in the world.Half of all deaths of women older than 50 years old is caused by cardiovascular and stroke diseases. This study aimed to analyze risk factors related to coronaryheart disease among women aged older than 45 years at Dody Sarjoto Makassar Air Force Hospital 2016. The total of sample was 76 consisting of 64cases of coronary heart disease and 12 non-coronary heart disease. Determination of sample used purposive sampling. Primary data were obtained throughinterview to respondents using questionnaire and direct interview. Data were analyzed by using contingency correlation coefficient (Exp (B)) test to identifysignificant relation between dependent and independent variables. Results found were hypertension (Exp (B) = 0.309), obesity (Exp (B) = 0.140), diabetesmellitus (Exp (B) = 0.164) and dyslipidemia (Exp (B) = 0.185), as proven having relation with coronary heart disease among women aged older than 45 years,and the factor which had the most significant relation was dyslipidemia.Penyakit kardiovaskuler menyebabkan 8.6 juta kematian pada perempuan setiap tahun, yang merupakan penyebab kematian terbanyak, yaitu sepertiga dariseluruh kematian perempuan di seluruh dunia. Setengah dari seluruh kematian perempuan berusia di atas 50 tahun disebabkan oleh penyakit jantung danstroke. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang berhubungan dengan penyakit jantung koroner pada perempuan usia > 45 tahun di RumahSakit TNI AU Dody Sarjoto Makassar. Besar sampel sebanyak 76 sampel yang terdiri dari 64 kasus penyakit jantung koroner dan 12 kasus non penyakit jantungkoroner. Penentuan sampel menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Data primer diperoleh melalui wawancara terhadap responden dengan menggunakankuesioner dan wawancara langsung. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji koefisien korelasi kontingensi (Exp (B)) terhadap variabel independen dandependen. Adapun hasil yang ditemukan adalah obesitas (Exp (B) = 0.140), diabetes mellitus (Exp (B) = 0.164), dan dislipidemia (Exp (B) = 0.185) terbuktimemiliki hubungan dengan kejadian penyakit jantung koroner pada perempuan usia > 45 tahun dan faktor yang memiliki hubungan paling besar adalah dislipidemia."

"Continuity of breastfeeding process when mothers return to work is a serious issue that immediately must be followed up, so that exclusive breastfeedingprogram within the first six months can be achieved. Beside providing many benefits for babies, breastfeeding is also beneficial for mothers and entrepreneurs.This study aimed to determine relation of working mothers to exclusive breastfeeding. This study used was cross-sectional design with secondary dataof Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey 2012 with samples as many as 1,193 mothers aged 15 – 49 years who had 0 – 5-month-old babies. Basedon multivariate analysis, working mothers could decrease opportunity of exclusive breastfeeding in which mother who worked all the time were 1.54 timesmore likely not to give exclusive breastfeeding than mothers who did not work after controlled by maternal age at childbirth, household wealth index, and antenatalcare frequency (p = 0.038; 95% CI = 1.0 to 2.3). Fulltime working mothers are twofold more likely to not be able to give exclusive breasfedding thanunemployed mothers after being controlled by counfounder variable.Keberlangsungan proses menyusui pada saat ibu kembali bekerja merupakan isu serius yang harus segera ditindaklanjuti agar program pemberian Air SusuIbu (ASI) eksklusif selama enam bulan pertama kehidupan dapat tercapai. Selain memberikan banyak manfaat bagi bayi, ASI juga bermanfaat bagi ibu danpengusaha. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan ibu bekerja terhadap pemberian ASI eksklusif. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah potonglintang dengan data sekunder Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012 dengan sampel berjumlah 1.193 ibu berusia 15 – 49 tahunyang memiliki bayi berusia 0-5 bulan. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat, ibu bekerja dapat menurunkan peluang pemberian ASI eksklusif dimana ibu yang bekerjasepanjang waktu lebih berisiko 1,54 kali untuk tidak memberikan ASI eksklusif dibandingkan ibu yang tidak bekerja setelah dikontrol oleh usia melahirkanibu, indeks kesejahteraan rumah tangga dan frekuensi pemeriksaan kehamilan (p = 0,038; CI 95% = 1,0 - 2,3). Ibu bekerja dua kali memiliki peluang untuktidak dapat memberikan ASI eksklusif daripada ibu yang tidak bekerja setelah dikontrol oleh variabel perancu."

"Epidemiologi Dismenorea pada Remaja Putri di Jakarta Pusat. Dismenorea merupakan kondisi yang wajar dialami setiap remaja putri yang mengalami menstruasi, namun banyak laporan yang mengklaim bahwa kondisi ini memberikan dampak negatif bagi remaja. Oleh karena itu, penting adanya bahwa berbagai informasi mengenai dismenorea diketahui agar kita dapat membantu meningkatkan kualitas hidup para remaja putri. Walau demikian, data mengenai dismenorea pada remaja yang tinggal di Jakarta Pusat masih jarang ditemukan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan gambaran mengenai prevalensi, faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan dismenorea, dampak, serta penanganan yang dilakukan untuk mengatasi dismenorea. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dan datanya dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner. Sebanyak 240 remaja dipilih sebagai responden dengan menggunakan teknik sampling aksidental. Data diolah menggunakan statistik deskriptif dan uji chi-square dilakukan untuk menentukan signifikansi. Sebanyak 87,5% responden mengalami dismenorea (nyeri ringan sebanyak 20,48%, nyeri sedang 64,76%, dan nyeri berat 14,76%), dan sebanyak 43,75% responden menyatakan bahwa dismenorea membatasi aktifitas sehari-hari mereka. Kebanyakan partisipan menangani dismenorea sendiri dan sebanyak 5,6% partisipan pernah berkonsultasi ke dokter terkait nyeri yang dialami. Ibu dan teman dipandang sebagai sumber informasi maupun bantuan yang dapat membantu mengatasi dismenorea. Faktor yang memiliki dampak signifikan terhadap dismenorea dalam penelitian ini adalah usia, jumlah darah menstruasi, dan munculnya gejala pra-menstruasi.;Dysmenorrhea is a naturally occurring condition experienced by female teenagers during menstruation, but numerous reports claimed its tendency to incur a negative impact on them. As a result, it is imperative that we are well informed of the condition in the effort to improve female teenagers? quality of life. However, data on dysmenorrhea for the area of Central Jakarta is difficult to find. The aim of this research is to illustrate the prevalence, associated factors, impact and treatment for dysmenorrhea. Data for this descriptive research was gathered through questionnaires from 240 teenagers selected by accidental sampling. Data was processed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test to examine its significance. 87.5% of the respondents reported an experience of dysmenorrhea (20.48% mild pain, 64.76% moderate pain, 14.76% severe pain). 43.75% of the respondents reported that the condition has constrained them from conducting their daily activities. Most of the participants reported self-medication for the dysmenorrhea, and 5.6% of them have consulted with a physician for pain. Mothers and friends are considered as sources of information and assistance to treat dysmenorrhea. Significant factors behind this research that are associated with dysmenorrhea are age, volume of menstrual blood and occurrence of premenstrual syndrome.

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Dysmenorrhea is a naturally occurring condition experienced by female teenagers during menstruation, but numerous reports claimed its tendency to incur a negative impact on them. As a result, it is imperative that we are well informed of the condition in the effort to improve female teenagers? quality of life. However, data on dysmenorrhea for the area of Central Jakarta is difficult to find. The aim of this research is to illustrate the prevalence, associated factors, impact and treatment for dysmenorrhea. Data for this descriptive research was gathered through questionnaires from 240 teenagers selected by accidental sampling. Data was processed by descriptive statistics and chi-square test to examine its significance. 87.5% of the respondents reported an experience of dysmenorrhea (20.48% mild pain, 64.76% moderate pain, 14.76% severe pain). 43.75% of the respondents reported that the condition has constrained them from conducting their daily activities. Most of the participants reported self-medication for the dysmenorrhea, and 5.6% of them have consulted with a physician for pain. Mothers and friends are considered as sources of information and assistance to treat dysmenorrhea. Significant factors behind this research that are associated with dysmenorrhea are age, volume of menstrual blood and occurrence of premenstrual syndrome."

"Placental morphology and cellular arrangement can be altered in maternal diseases. Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is a chronic heart condition that can lead to death in pregnant women. The aim of this study is to determine the histological changes of the placenta in pregnant women suffering from RHD. Methods: Placentae were collected from 10 healthy pregnant women, and 31 pregnant women with heart conditions (26 with RHD and 5 with NRHD) who had been admitted to the Baghdad Teaching Hospital. Placental tissues were fixed in10% formal-saline and were processed for light microscopy. Measurements including the placental weight and diameter of the chorionic villi capillaries were recorded. Results: The results indicate that there are many histological changes in pregnant women with RHD such as hyalinisation, fibrosis of the chorionic villi, proliferation of trophoblastic cells, and thickening of its membrane. Additionally, expectant mothers with RHD experience a reduction in capillary diameter and thickening of the capillary walls, and decreased size and weight of their placenta when compared with the control. Conclusions: Heart diseases, especially RHD, are associated with developmental damage of the placenta in pregnant women by injuring the endothelial cells of the placentas capillaries."

"Latar Belakang Masalah kesehatan mental dan kelebihan berat badan saling terkait, terutama pada remaja dan dewasa muda. Penelitian ini menilai remaja dan dewasa muda mahasiswa baru Universitas Indonesia tahun 2022 yang mempunyayi masalah kesehatan mental dan kelebihan berat badan menggunakan self-reporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) dan klasifikasi kriteria IMT Asia-Pasifik. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Mahasiswa baru Universitas Indonesia dengan usia 12-24 tahun yang telah melakukan pemeriksaan kesehatan di Makara Klinik Satelit UI dengan total 9,200 mahasiswa. Masalah kesehatan mental, kota asal, konsumsi makanan cepat saji, aktivitas fisik, dan kelebihan berat badan dievaluasi. Status nutrisi dikategorikan ke dalam kelompok IMT menurut klasifikasi Asia-Pasifik. Hasil Data yang diperoleh dari 9,001 mahasiswa baru Universitas Indonesia 2022 yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi menunjukkan sebagian besar peserta adalah perempuan (59%), dewasa muda (87%), bertempat tinggal atau lahir di kota besar (87.5%), mengonsumsi makanan cepat saji <3 kali per minggu (80.2%), dan melakukan aktivitas fisik (65.3%). Sejumlah 37.9% peserta memiliki berat badan berlebih, sedangkan 26.5% dianggap memiliki masalah kesehatan mental. Hubungan dapat ditemukan antara kedua variabel dengan analisis univariat (- < 0.05). Kesimpulan Penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara masalah kesehatan mental dan kelebihan berat badan. Beberapa faktor yang terkait dengan kelebihan berat badan meliputi jenis kelamin, kelompok usia, tempat asal, dan aktivitas fisik. Sebaliknya, faktor yang terkait dengan masalah kesehatan mental meliputi jenis kelamin, pengonsumsian makanan cepat saji, dan aktivitas fisik. Faktor-faktor tersebut menunjukkan signifikansi jika dibandingkan dengan kelebihan berat badan dan masalah kesehatan mental.

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Introduction Mental health problems and excess weight are associated, especially among adolescents and young adults. The present study assessed adolescents and young adults in Universitas Indonesia’s freshmen 2022 with mental health problems and excess weight using the selfreporting questionnaire (SRQ-20) and Asia-Pacific BMI classification. Method Universitas Indonesia’s freshmen aged 12-24 who did the medical checkup in the Makara UI Satellite Clinic were selected for this study. There were 9,200 students. Gender, age group, place of origin, fast food consumption, physical activity, excess body weight, and mental health problems were evaluated. Nutrition status was categorized into different BMI groups according to the Asian-Pacific classification. Result Out of the 9,001 Universitas Indonesia’s freshmen in 2022 that met inclusion criteria, most of the participants were women (59%), young adults (87%), resided or were born in big cities (87.5%), consumed fast food <3 times per week (80.2%), and does physical activities (65.3%). 37.9% of the participants have excess body weight, whereas 26.5% are considered to have mental health problems. An association was found between the two variables after undergoing a univariate analysis (- < 0.05). Conclusion The association between mental health problems and excess body weight was significant in this study. Factors associated with excess body weight include gender, age group, place of origin, and physical activities. Contrastingly, factors associated with mental health problems include gender, fast food consumption, and physical activities. These factors show significance when compared to excess body weight and mental health problems."

"Based on our knowledge, the study of gastrointestinal reflux disease (GERD) among certain profession has never been conducted. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence and risk factors of GERD among Indonesian doctors.

Methods: A consecutive study involving 515 doctors was conducted in October 2015.The GerdQ score was used to the diagnosis of GERD and determined its impact on daily life. All possible risk factors were also analyzed.

Results: A total of 515 subjects completed the questionnaire. The mean age of them was 41.37±11.92 years old. Fifty-five percent of them were male and 60.6% general practitioners. The prevalence of GERD was 27.4% of which 21.0% was had GERD with low impact on daily life, and 6.4% was GERD with high impact on daily life. The statistically significant risk factors of GERD was found in age >50 y.o (p = 0.002; OR 2.054), BMI >30kg/m2 (p = 0.016; OR 2.53), and smokers (p = 0.031; OR 1.982). Sex and education level were not found significant statistically as the risk factors of GERD.

Conclusions: The prevalence of GERD among Indonesian physician was 27.4%. We found that age over 50 y.o, obesity and smoking habit were the risk factors of GERD in Indonesian doctors."

"Prevalensi perilaku sedentari di Indonesia pada remaja lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan kelompok umur lainnya. Perilaku sedentari merupakan perilaku berisiko menyebabkan penyakit diabetes tipe II, hipertensi, gangguan jantung, dan depresi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor apa saja yang berhubungan dengan lama waktu sedentari pada remaja di Indonesia dan mengetahui faktor apa yang paling dominan. Desain studi potong lintang, dengan menggunakan data GSHS 2015. Sampel penelitian remaja (11-18 tahun) yang memiliki data variabel lengkap sebesar 9973 sampel. Analisis bivariat dilakukan menggunakan uji beda proporsi dan analisis multivariate dilakukan menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan prevalensi perilaku sedentari ≥ 3 jam per hari pada remaja sebesar 27,7% (95% CI = 24,6%-30,9%). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku sedentari adalah kelompok umur remaja (OR=3,344; 95% CI=2,410-4,642), indeks massa tubuh (OR=1,324; 95% CI=1,141-1,539), konsumsi makanan berisiko (OR=1,738; 95% CI=1,127-2,678), dan konsumsi alkohol (OR=1,643; 95% CI=1,294-2,088). Faktor paling dominan yang berhubungan dengan perilaku sedentari adalah kelompok umur remaja. Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan memasukkan variabel dari faktor lingkungan.

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The prevalence of sedentary behavior in Indonesia among adolescents is higher compared to other age groups. Sedentary behavior is a risky behavior that causes diabetes type II, hypertension, heart problems, and depression. This study aims to determine what factors are related to sedentary behavior among adolescents in Indonesia and to know what factors are the most dominant.

Cross-sectional study design, using data from GSHS 2015. The samples are adolescents (11-18 years) who have complete variable data. The total samples are 9973 samples. Bivariate analysis was performed using a different proportion test (Chi Square) and multivariate analysis was performed using logistic regression tests.

The results of the study showed that the prevalence of sedentary behavior for a period ≥ 3 hours per day in adolescents was 27.7% (95% CI = 24.6% -30.9%). Factors related to sedentary behavior were adolescent age groups (OR = 3.344; 95% CI = 2,410-4,642), body mass index (OR = 1,324; 95% CI = 1,141-1,539), consumption of foods at risk (OR = 1,738 ; 95% CI = 1,127-2,678), and alcohol consumption (OR = 1,643; 95% CI = 1,294-2,088). The most dominant factor associated with sedentary behavior is the age group of adolescents. Further research is needed by including variables from environmental factors."