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"ABSTRAKSince the increasing demand of molasses as raw material for ethanol production in Thailand, the feasibility of applying raw sugar as an alternative raw material for ethanol production is studied in this research. However, although raw sugar has higher sugar content and pure quality than molasses, raw sugar costs are higher than molasses. Thus, it is necessary to evaluate the optimum proportion of raw sugar by considering the value of fermentation efficiency by analyzing the ratio of raw sugar to molasses from 0%:100% to 100%:0%. The results showed that the mixture of raw sugar and molasses in Experiment No.1 at a ratio of 20%:80% gained the highest fermentation efficiency at 82.71%. With the addition of enzyme (Experiment No.2), it would enhance the fermentation efficiency to 84.27% at a ratio of 60%:40%. Moreover, by adding enzyme and ferment nutrients (Experiment No.3) it could enhance the fermentation efficiency to 85.98% at a ratio of 80%:20%. These results indicated that the higher amount of applying raw sugar, the more fermentation efficiency in ethanol production. Furthermore, the economic results shown that even though a ratio of 80%:20% from Experiment No.3 had the highest fermentation efficiency, a ratio of 20%:80% presented the best economic result (profit) with high fermentation efficiency (around 85%). Moreover, when the prices of raw sugar and molasses were changed, the Experiment No.3 had more appropriate operation than Experiment No.1 and No.2, because the Experiment No.3 provieded the best economic results with any conditions."

"ABSTRAKRice bran oil soapstock (RBOS) is a by-product from the chemical refining process of rice bran oil production. It contains a large amount of -oryzanol. The main objective of this study was to investigate the amount of -oryzanol obtained by solvent extraction using soxhlet apparatus. RBOS was saponified and was then dehydrated and extracted with ethyl acetate. The optimum conditions were determined using response surface methodology (RSM) with a Box-Behnken experimental design (BBD). BBD was used to investigate the effects of three independent variables, namely solid to solvent ratio (w/v), extraction temperature (C), and extraction time (h). The results showed that the most suitable conditions for the extraction of RBOS that can provide the highest yield of -oryzanol (9.04% dry basis) were 1:12 solid to solvent ratio, 70.1C extraction temperature and 7.26 h extraction time."

"ABSTRAKThe objective of this study was to compare the anthraquinone content of cassod tree leaves, golden shower pods and noni roots that were determined in the form of free anthraquinone and anthraquinone glycoside by Soxhlet and decoction extraction method. The anthraquinone compounds were identified by the Borntrager reaction. The determination of anthraquinone UV-Visible spectrophotometry at 325nm was used. The results show that the highest anthraquinone content in the golden shower pods with 70% (v/v) ethanol was 193.79mg/g dry plant. The suitable solvent for the anthraquinone glycoside extracts was 80% (v/v) ethanol for the cassod tree leaves. In the testing of birds, 1% of the extracted golden shower pods that cover the seeds for food consumption showed a lower amount than that consumed in the control group (p <0.05)."

"ABSTRAKThe aim of this work was to improve physical stability of rice bran oil-in-water emulsion by heat and alkaline treated proteins from rice bran and soybean. Rice bran protein (RBP) was extracted from defatted rice bran by alkaline extraction and isoelectric precipitation. RBP and soy protein (SP) were modified by heat and alkaline treatment (pH 9 at 60 C for 60 min). The ability of modified rice bran protein (MRBP) and modified soy bean protein (MSP) to stabilize rice bran-oil-in-water emulsion was investigated. Results showed that the MRBP and MSP to form and stabilize oil-in-water emulsions were better than those of RBP and SP. Emulsions with small particle sizes diameter and creaming stability could be produced at pH 6.5 for 0.4-1.0 %wt MRBP and 0.6-1.0 %wt MSP. Improved physical stability of rice bran oil-in-water emulsion by heat and alkaline treated will enhance the utilization RBP and SP as food ingredient in the food industry."

"ABSTRACTThe objective of the present study is to investigate the influence of external magnetic field on unsteady incompressible flow of water based nanofluid through a successively expanding or contracting channel with porous walls. the basic governing equations with boundary conditions are non-dimensionalized using appropriate transformation to ordinary differential equations, which are then solved using power series with the help of Hermite-Padè approximation method. the instability of the flow is shown using bifurcation graph and the dominating singularity behavior numerically. the regular effects of the different governing physical parameters specifically Hartmann number, volume friction of nanoparticles, non-dimensional shear stress and permeation Reynolds number on velocity profiles are depicted graphically."

"ABSTRAKPengupasan sabut kelapa dengan cara tradisioanal masih saja dilakukan orang terlebih di daerah-daerah pedesaan. Demikian halnya mesin-mesin pengupas sabut kelapa yang diharapkan akan mampu memberi solusi mengatasi adanya kelemahan pada alat yang digunakan dengan cara tradisional. Namun keberadaan mesin-mesin kian hari kian berkembang. Sehingga dilakukanlah suatu penelitian dengan melakukan rancang bangun terhadap mesin pengupas sabut kelapa yang baru dengan kapasitas besar dan semi kontinu. Mesin ini mengalami perubahan dan inovasi dari mesin-mesin yang sudah ada sebelumnya. Kegiatan penelitian diawali dengan melakukan perancangan terhadap mesin, kemudian hasil perancangan direalisasikan dalam bentuk pembuatan mesin dan akhirnya dilakukan uji kinerja mesin. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap tiga jenis kelapa yang keadaan kulitnya basah, sedang dan kering. Masin-masing buah kelapa yang diuiji sebanyak 10 buah. Pada hasil pengujian Waktu rata-rata pengupasan untuk tiap buah kelapa yang bersabut basah selama 13,1 detik per buah, untuk kelapa sedang 17,2 detik dan untuk kelapa kering selama 22 detik. Sedang kapasitas mesin adalah: untuk pengupasan jenis kelapa basah, kapasitas mesin adalah sebanyak 275 buah/jam, untuk kelapa sedang adalah sebanyak 209 buah/jam dan untuk kelapa kering sebanyak 163 buah/jam. Hasil kesimpulan dari penelitian adalah: analisis secara umum kelapa basah lebih mudah dikupas, sebab kelapa basah seratnya lebih banyak mengandung air sehingga gampang/lebih mudah dipisahkan dari kulitnya dibandingkan dengan kelapa yang lebih kering, seratnya hampir tidak mempunyai kadar air atau kondisi sabut kelapa kering."

"ABSTRAKDevelopment of the Rapid Test Kit for the Identification of Campylobacter spp. Based on Loop-mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) in Combination with a Lateral Flow Dipstick (LFD) and Gold Nano-DNA Probe (AuNPs)Dueantem Thongphueak, Kosum ChansiriCenter of Excellence in Biosensors, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.Thayat SriyapaiFaculty of Environmental Culture and Ecotourism, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok 10110, Thailand.Supatra Areekit, Somchai Santiwatanakul, Piyada WangroongsarbABSTRAKThe detection of Campylobacter spp. in meat products was developed by using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) combined with DNA-based bioassay methods, including a lateral-flow dipstick (LFD) and gold nano-DNA probe (AuNPs) assay. The LAMP primers were designed from the conserved nucleotide regions of Campylobacter spp. The analytical sensitivity of the LAMP-LFD and LAMP-AuNPs analysis was 360 fg/μl. The analytical specificity of LAMP-based assays showed no cross-reactions to Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Serratia marcescens, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Vibrio cholerae, Klebsiella oxytoca and Citrobacter diversus.The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of both LAMP-LFD and LAMP-AuNPs for the detection of pre-enrichment cultures from raw chicken meat samples were 100%, 95% and 96.67%, respectively. Since the processing time of LAMP-based assays is 60-90 minutes, it is applicable as a point-of-care screening test for food safety and as a process control of Campylobacter spp. contamination."

"ABSTRAKThis work analyzes heat integration of sugarcane wax extraction in purification plants. It focuses on the development of sugarcane wax extraction from the mud of sugar mill presses, using supercritical as a solvent and ethanol as a co-solvent, with further sugarcane wax purification of 25 kg per day. To improve heat recovery for the designed heat exchanger networks (HEN), pinch analysis was applied to achieve optimal, total, external hot and cold utility demands at the optimum minimum temperature difference of C. Generated HEN alternatives were selected based on an incremental net present value (NPV). Compared to the current HEN design, the most cost-effective HEN could decrease total annual costs by a factor of 1.2."

"ABSTRAKThis study conducts the energy and exergy analysis of a light-vent pipe which is integrated into attic space. The roof is a shed roof with 30 degrees of inclination angle. The LVP is manufactured from an aluminum sheet with a translucent flat cover and is 0.15 m in diameter. The results show that the test house integrated with the LVP could well transfer heat accumulated in attic space by natural ventilation through the LVP. The natural daylight has an influent to the air mass flow rate corresponding to energy and exergy efficiency. The total energy and exergy efficiencies were 37-67% and 12.3-33%, respectively. In addition, the ceiling heat gain and exergy heat gain performed that, the requirement of space cooling of the house with LVP lower than that the reference house."