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"Beberapa hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa turbin pikohidro jenis openflume dapat digunakan untuk mengatasi masalah elektrifikasi pada daerah terpencil. Komponen utama turbin openflume ialah sudu turbin. Ada dua rekomendasi dalam merancang sudu turbin openflume berkaitan dengan perancangan sudut sudu. Berdasarkan persamaan Euler sudu turbin akan menyerap energy fluida secara optimal jika kecepatan tangensial absolut pada outlet sudu adalah nol. Namun, disisi lain, Nechleba menyarankan agar kecepatan tangensial pada outlet sudu tidak sama dengan nol. Hal ini disebabkan kecepatan tangensial tersebut dapat difungsikan untuk mencegah separasi pada draft-tube. Oleh sebab itu, studi numerik dilakukan untuk membandingkan unjuk kerja 2 buah sudu, dimana sudu pertama dirancang berdasarkan rekomendasi Euler dan sudu kedua berdasarkan rekomendasi Nechleba. Adapun studi ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) secara transient. Hasil studi menunjukkan bahwa sudu Nechleba memiliki daya dan efisiensi puncak lebih baik dari sudu Euler. Sudu Nechleba memiliki daya optimum sebesar 623.9 Watt dan efisiensi sebesar 74.39 %. Sedangkan sudu Euler memiliki  daya optimum sebesar 596.2 Watt dan efisiensi sebesar 70.08 %.

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Several studies have shown that picohydro turbines open flume type can be used to overcome electrification problems in remote areas. The main components of open flume turbines are turbine blades. There are two recommendations in designing open flume turbine blades related to the design of blade angles. Based on the Euler equation the turbine blade will absorb fluid energy optimally if the absolute tangential velocity at the blade outlet is zero. However, on the other hand, Nechleba suggests that the tangential velocity of the blade outlet is not zero. This is because the tangential velocity can be used to prevent separation of the draft tube. Therefore, a numerical study was conducted to compare the performance of 2 blades, where the first blade was designed based on Eulers recommendation and the second blade based on Nechlebas recommendations. The study was conducted using a transient Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) method. The study shows that the Nechleba blade has power and peak efficiency better than Euler blade. Nechleba Blade has an optimum power of 623.9 Watts and an efficiency of 74.39%. While the Euler blade has an optimum power of 596.2 Watts and an efficiency of 70.08%."

"[Indonesia merupakan salah satu negara berkembang di Asia Tenggara dan belum seluruh daerahnya menikmati energi listrik. Sebagian besar daerah yang belum menikmati energi listrik tersebut berada pada daerah terpencil disebabkan oleh tidak adanya jaringan listrik dari pusat. Jaringan listrik dari pusat tidak tersedia karena pada daerah terpencil kebutuhan energi listrik sedikit sehingga harga listrik per kWh jadi lebih mahal. Indonesia memiliki karakteristik geografis pegunungan dan berbukit. Oleh karena itu, pembangkit listrik tenaga mikrohidro menjadi pilihan energi listrik pada daerah terpencil. Sebelumnya telah dilakukan perancangan turbin mikrohidro dengan head total setinggi 2 m, yaitu turbin air openflume dengan rasio hub-to-tip sebesar 0,4 dengan free vortex theory. Tulisan ini menampilkan verifikasi data hasil perancangan sebelumnya dengan metode numerik melalui simulasi CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics). Modifikasi dilakukan pada rancangan turbin yang sebelumnya dengan merubah besar sudut sudu pada bagian masuk dan keluar. Simulasi CFD pada turbin openflume ini dilakukan menggunakan software ANSYS Fluent 15.0 dengan model turbulensi k- dan mendefinisikan model simulasi dengan turbo-topology. Tulisan ini membandingkan karakteristik performa dari turbin awal dan turbin modifikasi dengan melihat debit aliran, torsi, dan daya poros pada tiap RPM yang dihasilkan. Efisiensi turbin tertinggi dari turbin adalah 62.47% pada kecepatan putar 600 RPM dengan sudut sudu bagian masuk 72.3o dan bagian keluar 76.5o.

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Indonesia is one of developing country in South East Asia yet ironically parts of its region cannot derive the luxury of electricity. Most area without electricity yet

is located in remote areas which is caused by the inexistence of electrical transmision from central. Electrical transmision from central is not avalailable

because the needs of electricity in remote areas are minimum, so that the price of electricity are more expensive per kWh. Indonesia has major geographical

characteristics with its mountains and highlands. Therefore, a power plant powered by microhydro plant has been chosen as electricity source in such place. Beforehand, micro-hydro turbine design has been carried out with total head 2 m, that is openflume propeller turbine with 0,4 hub-to-tip ratio with the free vortex

theory. This writing represents the verification of designing results with numeric method accomplished by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. Modification is applied on the previous turbine design with changing the blade angle on inlet and outlet. The simulation of CFD on this openflume turbine propeller was performed using ANSYS Fluent 15.0 software with k- turbulence model and defining the simulation model with turbo-topology. This writing

compares the performance characteristics of the original turbine and the modified turbine with flow capacity, torsion and shaft power at each RPM produced. The highest turbine efficiency is 62.47% at 600 RPM with inlet blade angle 72.3o and outlet blade angle 76.5o;Indonesia is one of developing country in South East Asia yet ironically parts of its region cannot derive the luxury of electricity. Most area without electricity yet is located in remote areas which is caused by the inexistence of electrical transmision from central. Electrical transmision from central is not avalailable because the needs of electricity in remote areas are minimum, so that the price of electricity are more expensive per kWh. Indonesia has major geographical characteristics with its mountains and highlands. Therefore, a power plant powered by microhydro plant has been chosen as electricity source in such place. Beforehand, micro-hydro turbine design has been carried out with total head 2 m, that is openflume propeller turbine with 0,4 hub-to-tip ratio with the free vortex theory. This writing represents the verification of designing results with numeric method accomplished by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. Modification is applied on the previous turbine design with changing the blade angle on inlet and outlet. The simulation of CFD on this openflume turbine propeller was performed using ANSYS Fluent 15.0 software with k- turbulence model and defining the simulation model with turbo-topology. This writing

compares the performance characteristics of the original turbine and the modified turbine with flow capacity, torsion and shaft power at each RPM produced. The highest turbine efficiency is 62.47% at 600 RPM with inlet blade angle 72.3o and outlet blade angle 76.5o;Indonesia is one of developing country in South East Asia yet ironically parts of its region cannot derive the luxury of electricity. Most area without electricity yet is located in remote areas which is caused by the inexistence of electrical transmision from central. Electrical transmision from central is not avalailable because the needs of electricity in remote areas are minimum, so that the price of electricity are more expensive per kWh. Indonesia has major geographical characteristics with its mountains and highlands. Therefore, a power plant powered by microhydro plant has been chosen as electricity source in such place. Beforehand, micro-hydro turbine design has been carried out with total head 2 m, that is openflume propeller turbine with 0,4 hub-to-tip ratio with the free vortex theory. This writing represents the verification of designing results with numeric method accomplished by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation. Modification is applied on the previous turbine design with changing the blade angle on inlet and outlet. The simulation of CFD on this openflume turbine propeller was performed using ANSYS Fluent 15.0 software with k- turbulence model and defining the simulation model with turbo-topology. This writing

compares the performance characteristics of the original turbine and the modified turbine with flow capacity, torsion and shaft power at each RPM produced. The highest turbine efficiency is 62.47% at 600 RPM with inlet blade angle 72.3o and outlet blade angle 76.5o., Indonesia is one of developing country in South East Asia yet ironically parts of

its region cannot derive the luxury of electricity. Most area without electricity yet

is located in remote areas which is caused by the inexistence of electrical

transmision from central. Electrical transmision from central is not avalailable

because the needs of electricity in remote areas are minimum, so that the price of

electricity are more expensive per kWh. Indonesia has major geographical

characteristics with its mountains and highlands. Therefore, a power plant

powered by microhydro plant has been chosen as electricity source in such place.

Beforehand, micro-hydro turbine design has been carried out with total head 2 m,

that is openflume propeller turbine with 0,4 hub-to-tip ratio with the free vortex

theory. This writing represents the verification of designing results with numeric

method accomplished by CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) simulation.

Modification is applied on the previous turbine design with changing the blade

angle on inlet and outlet. The simulation of CFD on this openflume turbine

propeller was performed using ANSYS Fluent 15.0 software with k- turbulence

model and defining the simulation model with turbo-topology. This writing

compares the performance characteristics of the original turbine and the modified

turbine with flow capacity, torsion and shaft power at each RPM produced. The

highest turbine efficiency is 62.47% at 600 RPM with inlet blade angle 72.3o and

outlet blade angle 76.5o]"

"Negara Indonesia memiliki beberapa penduduk yang telah berpencar dalam kelompok-kelompok kecil menempati daerah yang jauh dari perkotaan atau daerah terpencil. Daerah terpencil di Indonesia pada umumnya berpenduduk ratarata 600 keluarga. Mereka seringkali belum mendapatkan energi listrik seperti yang didistribusikan pada daerah perkotaan. Penyebabnya adalah mahalnya pembangunan jaringan listrik karena faktor jarak dan kondisi geografis Indonesia yang memiliki banyak pegunungan. Indonesia merupakan negara kepulauan, namun ia juga memiliki karakteristik geografis pegunungan dan perbukitan, sehingga memiliki banyak sumber daya energi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dari tinggi jatuh air. Oleh karena itu, pembangkit tenaga listrik turbin air pikohidro (< 5 kW) menjadi pilihan untuk daerah - daerah terpencil. Pada sebuah sistem pembangkit listrik tenaga pikohidro, efisiensi merupakan parameter yang penting. Semakin tinggi efisiensi, semakin banyak energi yang dapat dimanfaatkan dari sumber daya air tersebut agar dapat menyerap secara maksimum daya air yang mengalir. Untuk meningkatkan efisiensi, elemen yang paling berpengaruh adalah sudu dari turbin tersebut. Sudut kemiringan dari sudu turbin air harus disesuaikan dengan tinggi jatuh dan debit aliran dari sumber daya air tersebut. Selain itu, tinggi jatuh dan debit aliran air juga menentukan jenis turbin pikohidro yang dapat dioperasikan. Dipilih jenis turbin air openflume yang memiliki efisiensi yang tinggi pada kondisi tinggi jatuh dan debit aliran 1-5 m dan 0.01 ? 0.1 m3/s. Oleh karena itu, dapat dioperasikan lebih mudah dan cocok dengan karakterisik aliran air di Indonesia. Makalah ini akan membahas sebuah rancangan sudu turbin openflume dengan metode numerik. Turbin yang telah dirancang disesuaikan dengan karakteristik aliran air Danau Salam UI, Depok, Jawa Barat yaitu dengan tinggi jatuh sebesar 2.7 m dan debit aliran sebesar 0.041 m3/s. Perancangan sudu turbin tersebut dilakukan secara komputasi dan diperoleh efisiensi total sebesar 81% menggunakan CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic).

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Indonesia has some population spread out in small groups. Those small groups are occupying the regions that is far from the cities as known as remote areas. The remote areas in Indonesia are mostly not receiving any electricity from the cities. If it were to build a electicity transmission the cost will be too high because of the distance and the mountains. Even though this country is an island country, it has a lot of mountains and hills so it has a lot of energy resource from water height drop. Because of that, electricity for the rural regions can use a hydro power plant. In a picohydro power plant system, efficiency overall is one of the important parameter. More efficiency overall it has, more energy it can gained from the water energy resource. To increase efficiency, one of important factor is the turbine blade. The angle of the blade has to be designed corresponding to the head and flow of the water resource. The type of the turbine is also to be determined corresponding to the head and flow of the water resource too. Openflume turbine has a low head and flow characteristics (5 m and 0.01 ? 0.1 m3/s), so it can be operated easily and suitable for some water resource characteristics in Indonesia. This essay will discuss about designing an openflume turbine blade numerically. The turbine blade is to be designed corresponding to the head and flow of Salam UI lake, Depok, West Java (2.7 m and 0.041 m3/s). The turbine blade design has an overall efficiency of 81% using Computational Fluid Dynamic."

"ABSTRAKHingga saat ini, terdapat beberapa wiliyah di Indonesia yang masih belum memiliki akses energi listrik. Tercatat bahwa pada tahun 2016, 2.519 desa di Indonesia belum mendapatkan akses terhadap energi listrik yang sebagian besarnya merupakan daerah terpencil yang sulit diakses. Pemanfaatan sumber daya lokal secara mandiri dan berbasis energi baru terbarukan dapat menjadi salah satu solusi bagi masalah elektrifikasi di Indonesia, terutama di daearah-daerah terpencil. Salah satu daerah di Indonesia, provinsi Bengkulu, memiliki potensi sumber daya air hingga mencapai 500 MW. Turbin piko hidro tipe Archimedes menjadi salah satu jenis turbin air yang cocok untuk diimplementasikan di Indonesia. Hal tersebut karena karakteristiknya yang cocok beroperasi pada kondisi head rendah dengan rentang debit yang luas. Kinerja turbin Archimedes dapat dipengaruhi oleh sudut kemiringannya, sehingga parameter tersebut harus dipertimbangkan dengan baik. Pemodelan dan penelitan mengenai pengaruh kemiringan turbin Archimedes telah banyak dilakukan. Namun, penelitian dan pemodelan yang dilakukan hingga kini dinilai masih memerlukan pengkajian lebih lanjut. Oleh karena itu, dilakukanlah studi mengenai pengaruh sudut kemiringan turbin Archimedes terhadap performanya. Studi yang dilakukan meliputi perhitungan secara analitikal, numerikal, dan pengujian eksperimental. Pengujian eksperimental dilakukan dengan menggunakan prototipe turbin Archimedes dengan jari-jari luar sebesar 0,15 meter, jari-jari dalam sebesar 0,8 meter, panjang pitch sebesar 0,251 meter, dan sudu berjumlah 2 buah. Pengujian dilakukan dengan kondisi head maksimum sebesar 1,45 meter dan debit rata-rata yang tersedia sebesar 10,6 l/s. Dari studi eksperimental yang dilakukan, didapatkan bahwa Efisiensi turbin tertinggi diperoleh pada saat nilai sudut kemiringan turbin sebesar dengan nilai efisiensi sebesar 29.

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ABSTRACTUntil this day, there are some locationS in Indonesia that still do not have access to electricity. It is noted that in 2016, arround 2,519 villages in Indonesia do not have access to electrical energy which most of them is located in remote area. Utilization of independently potential local source of energy and based on renewable energy could be the solution for electrification problem in Indonesia, especially in remote area. Bengkulu, one of the province in Indonesia, possesses source of hydro energy up to 500MW. Pico hydro turbine type Archimedes is one of the suitable type of hydro turbine that used to operate in Indonesia. It is due to the turbine characteristic that approriate to operate in low head condition and wide range of flowrate. In addition, the turbine performance could be affected by the value of turbine. Hence, the turbine slope angle should be considered. Studies of the effect of the turbin slope angle had been conducted by some researchers untill nowadays. However, it is considered that these studies need further exploration. Hence, the study of the effect of turbine slope angle towards the turbine performance was conducted. The study consist of analytical method, numerical method, and experiment method. The study was performed by using Archimedes turbine with spesification as follows 0,15 meter of outer radius, 0,8 meter of inner radius, 2,09 meter of turbine total length, 1,45 meter of maximum effective head, and 10,6 l s of water discharged. It was obtained from the experiment that the optimum efficiency, 29 , was gained when the value of turbine slope angle is."

"

Keterbatasan suatu daerah untuk mendapatkan distribusi listrik menjadi kendala tersendiri, hal ini dikarenakan setiap daerah memiliki kondisi geografis yang berbeda-beda khususnya pada daerah-daerah terpencil. Ini memungkinkan adanya wilayah di Indonesia yang belum teraliri listrik dengan baik. Maka dari itu diperlukan pembangkit listrik mandiri berskala piko hidro. Dan salah satunya adalah turbin openflume. Turbin open flume ini cocok digunakan untuk daerah-daerah terpencil, yaitu daerah dimana kondisi geografisnya berupa pegunungan karena lebih sederhana dan perawatannya relatif mudah. Tinggi jatuh yang digunakan adalah 2.71 L. Berdasarkan proses perancangannya dihasilkan turbin open flume dengan daya maksimum 1 KW, memiliki 5 sudu untuk kecepatan putar 1500 RPM dengan plat datar. Yang menghasilkan efisiensi mekanik sebesar 74,4 % dan memiliki kecepatan putar optimum di 974 RPM .

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The limitation of an area to get openflume turbine distribution is a separate obstacle, this is because each regions has different geographical conditions, especially in remote areas. This makes it possible for regions in Indonesia that have not been electrified properly yet. Therefore we need a self-contained piko hydro power plant. And one of them is an open flume turbine. This open flume turbine is suitable for remote areas, namely areas where the geographical conditions are in the form of mountains because it is simpler and maintenance thing is relatively easy. The fall height used is 2.71 L. Based on the design process the open flume turbine is produced with a maximum power of 1 KW, has 5 runner blades with rotational speed 1500 RPM and build with flat plate. Which result in mechanical efficiency of 74,4% and has rotational speed optimum at 974 RPM.

"

"Daerah terpencil di Indonesia seringkali tidak mendapatkan suplai listrik karena biaya instalasi jaringan listrik tidak murah, oleh karena itu perlu ada pembangkit listrik mandiri. Potensi energi air di Indonesia yang sangat besar, menjadikan turbin piko hidro (< 5 kW) pilihan yang tepat. Dipilih turbin air openflume karena memiliki kriteria tinggi jatuh (1-5m) dan debit aliran yang rendah (0.01-1 m3/s). Studi ini akan membahas menghitung efisiensi sudu turbin piko hidro openflume dengan metode eksperimental. Tinggi jatuh air adalah 2.7 m dan debit aliran air 0.045 m3/s. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan daya luaran sudu Cihanjuang sebesar 703.35 Watt dengan nilai efisiensi total sebesar 59 %.

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Remote areas in Indonesia often do not get electricity supply because of cost istallation, therefore it need to have standalone power plants. Indonesia have very large potential energy of water and pico hydro (< 5kW) turbine is the best choice. The type of openflume turbine is determine corresponding to low head (1-5m) and flow characteristic (0.01-1 m3/s). This study will discuss about efficiency calculation on pico hydro openflume turbine with experimental method. Head is 2.7 m and flow rate is 0.045 m3/s. Evaluation results show that power output of the blade Cihanjuang is 703.35 Watt and the total efficiency is 59 %."

"Pertemuan United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) mempunyai agenda utama, yaitu mengevaluasi COP21, dimana target utama COP21 adalah untuk mempertahankan perubahan suhu global di bawah 2 derajat Celsius (KLHK, 2021). Indonesia berkomitmen untuk bebas emisi karbon pada tahun 2060, dan target bauran energi terbarukan pada 2025 sebesar 23%. Potensi energi terbarukan Indonesia sebesar 443 GW (Indonesia Energy Outlook 2019, DEN), namun tidak semua energi terbarukan dapat digunakan di beberapa daerah yang memiliki permasalahan medan. Turbin pikohidro cocok untuk dipilih, karena turbin ini mempunyai suplai yang relatif konstan, dapat ditempatkan di waduk maupun sungai, dan juga tidak bergantung cuaca. Di antara beberapa jenis pikohidro, turbin Turgo merupakan turbin yang cocok dipilih karena memiliki biaya konstruksi dan perawatan yang murah, serta hanya membutuhkan head yang rendah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh dari perubahan sudut masuk dan jarak nozzle terhadap efisiensi hidrolik dari turbin turgo dengan sudu batok kelapa. Dilakukan variasi sudut masuk, yaitu 10°, 20°, 30° dan variasi jarak, yaitu 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm. Berdasarkan hasil studi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa efisiensi hidrolik terbesar adalah pada variasi sudut masuk 10° dengan jarak nozzle 100 mm, yaitu secara numerikal sebesar 49%, dan secara eksperimental sebesar 41,8%.

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The United Nations Climate Change Conference of the Parties (COP26) has a main agenda, namely evaluating COP21, where the main target of COP21 is to maintain global temperature changes below 2 degrees Celsius (MoEF, 2021). Indonesia itself is committed to zero carbon emissions by 2060, and the target of a renewable energy mix by 2025 is 23%. Indonesia's own renewable energy potential is 443 GW (Indonesia Energy Outlook 2019, DEN), but not all renewable energy can be used in some areas that have terrain problems. Picohydro turbines are suitable for choice, because these turbines have a relatively constant supply, can be placed in reservoirs and rivers, and are also not dependent on weather. Among several types of picohydro, the Turgo turbine is a suitable turbine to choose because it has cheap construction and maintenance costs, and only requires a low head. This study aims to determine the effect of changes in the inlet angle and nozzle distance on the hydraulic efficiency of turgo turbines with coconut shell blades. Variations in the entry angle are carried out, namely 10°, 20°, 30° and distance variations, namely 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm. Based on the results of the study, it can be concluded that the greatest hydraulic efficiency is at a variation in the entry angle of 10° with a nozzle distance of 100 mm, that is, numerically by 49%, and experimentally by 41.8%"

"Pada tahun 2016, terdapat 2.519 desa di Indonesia yang belum mendapatkan kebutuhan energilistrik. Turbin Pikohidro dapat menjadi salah satu solusi yang memungkinkan karena biayainvestasi yang murah, pekerjaan sipil yang sedikit, dan perawatan yang mudah dibandingkanSolar PV dan turbin angin. Turbin cross-flow adalah turbin impuls yang memiliki kelebihanseperti efisiensi yang stabil dalam berbagai kondisi debit, konstruksi sederhana, dan baik dalamskala portabilitas. Studi ini akan mengkaji pengaruh kelengkungan sudu terhadap performaturbin menggunakan metode Computational Fluid Dynamic. Variasi sudu dibuat menjadi rasiokelengkungan terhadap panjang sudu Rs/Ts diantaranya 0 ; 0,08 ; 0,17 ; dan 0,26. Berdasarkanhasil verifikasi, model turbulen RNG k - dipilih untuk mempredikasi pola aliran yang terjadikarena memiliki error yang lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan yang lain. Selain itu, modelturbulen k - RNG banyak dikembangkan pada studi impeler cross-flow baik mesin tenagamaupun kerja. Hasil komputasi mendapatkan sudu dengan rasio Rs/Ts = 0,08 menghasilkanefisiensi yang lebih stabil dan tinggi diduga karena olakan yang terjadi lebih kecil dibandingkanyang lain, sehingga sudu dengan rasio Rs/Ts = 0,08 direkomendasikan untuk digunakan padakondisi tinggi jatuh 2,71 meter dan debit 41 l/s.

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In 2016, approximately 2.519 village in Indonesia still didn rsquo t have sufficient access toelectricity. Picohydro turbine can be a proper solution because it has a low investation cost, few civil work, and easy to maintain compared to Solar PV and Wind Turbine. Cross flow isan impulse turbine that has an advantage such as stable efficiency in variable dischargecondition, simple construction, and high portability. To increase cross flow turbineperformance, this study will investigate the effect of blade curvature to the turbine efficiencywith CFD method. The blade variation will be stated as blade curvature to chord length ratio Rs Ts which consist of 0 0,08 0,17 and 0,26. Based on verification test, the k RNGturbulence model was chosen to predict flow pattern because it has a lower error compared toother turbulence model and the turbulence model has been commonly used in cross flowimpeller both on fan and turbine. The Resulted showed that blade with Rs Ts 0,08 yield thehighest efficiency because the it has the lower vortex compared to others. Therefore, the bladewith Rs Ts equal to 0,08 is recomended to use in condition of head 2,71 meter and discharge41 l/s."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini akan membahas mengenai kemampuan mahasiswa Fakultas Teknik Mesin Universitas Indonesia angatan 2012 dalam menganalisa dinamika fluida pada sudu turbin uap yang terdapat pada Laboratorium Departemen Teknik Mesin Universitas Indonesia. Penulisan skripsi ini akan membahas mengenai analisa perhitungan jumlah energi yang terjadi sejak sesaat masuk nosel hingga kepada keluar turbin yang nantinya akan digunakan sebagai pembangkit listrik dengan superheater pemanas lanjut dan aspek variable beban pada turbin yang berbeda. Selengkapnya variable beban yang terdapat pada turbin ini di Laboratorium Departemen Teknik Mesin lantai 1, terdapat 4 jenis beban pada turbin. Namun perhitungan dan pengolahan data yang dilakukan dalam pembahasan skripsi ini hanya dibatasi untuk variable beban 350 watt dan 450 watt. Tujuan pembuatan skripsi ini adalah penulis mampu menjelaskan tentang instalasi sistem turbin uap, prinsip kerja pesawat penggerak mula bertenaga uap, menghitung potensial energi uap keseluruhan yang masuk turbin dan keluarannya dalam bentuk yang sudah dikonversi energi listrik , serta dapat menjelaskan diagram T-s dan membandingkan entalpi total sesaat masuk dan keluar turbin, dengan energi kinetik yang terjadi pada sudu turbin/nosel. Dari hasil perhitungan yang dilakukan pada skripsi ini akan didapatkan beberapa kesimpulan mengenai nilai efisiensi pada sudu turbin dan nilai efisiensi turbin dan generator.Kata kunci : Turbin Uap, Segitiga Kecepatan, Energi Kinetik, Efisiensi.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis will discuss the ability of students of Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Indonesia Rear 2012 to analyze the fluid dynamics in the steam turbine blade contained in the Department of Mechanical Engineering Laboratory of the University of Indonesia. This paper will discuss the analysis of the calculation of the amount of energy going on since just sign up to the exit nozzle turbine, which will be used as a power plant with superheater heating up and variable aspects of different loads on turbines. variable load contained on this turbine at the Laboratory Department of Mechanical Engineering 1st floor, there are four types of loads on the turbine. However, calculations and data processing is done in the discussion of this paper is limited to a variable load of 350 watts and 450 watts. The purpose of making this paper is the authors were able to explain about the installation of steam turbine systems, the working principle of the best prime movers steam powered, calculate the potential energy of steam overall turbine inlet and output in the form of the already converted electrical energy , and can explain the T s diagram and comparing the enthalpy total moment in and out of the turbine, the kinetic energy that occur on turbine blades nozzle. From the results of calculations performed in this thesis will be obtained several conclusions regarding the efficiency of the turbine blade and the efficiency of the turbine and generator.Keyword Steam Turbine, Triangle Speed, kinetic energy, efficiency."