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"Demam neutropenia merupakan salah satu kegawatan yang terjadi pada kasus anak kanker yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi. Demam neutropenia dapat meningkatkan risiko infeksi pada anak dan dapat memperburuk keadaan umum anak. Perawat berperan dalam meningkatkan kapasitas anak dan keluarga untuk upaya pengendalian infeksi selama di rumah sakit dan sebagai persiapan perawatan di rumah. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan kuasi-eksperimen dengan pendekatan pre-post without control group. Sampel penelitian ini berjumlah 30 anak dengan kanker yang dirawat dengan demam neutropenia. Intervensi manajemen pengendalian infeksi terdiri dari edukasi dan pemantauan perilaku pengendalian infeksi selama lima hari. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang bermakna pada tingkat pengetahuan orang tua dan ada perubahan perilaku setelah diberikan intervensi manajemen pengendalian infeksi pada anak dengan demam neutropenia. Penelitian selanjutnya dapat dilakukan dengan metode pemantauan yang lebih efektif sehingga manajemen pengendalian infeksi dapat berjalan optimal.

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Febrile neutropenia is one of the main causes of cancer children who are undergoing chemotherapy. Febrile neutropenia can increase the risk of infection in children and can worsen the general condition of children. Nurses play a role in increasing the capacity of children and families for infection control efforts while in the hospital and as preparation for home care. This study used a quasi-experimental design with a pre-post without control group approach. The study sample consisted of 30 children with cancer who were treated with febrile neutropenia. The infection control management intervention consisted of education and monitoring of infection control behavior for five days. The results showed a significant difference in the level of knowledge of parents and there was a change in behavior after being given an infection control management intervention in children with febrile neutropenia. Further research can be carried out with more effective monitoring methods so that infection control management can run optimally."

"Thoroughly revised and updated for its Fourth Edition, a comprehensive reference on hospital epidemiology and infection control. Written by over 150 leading experts, this new edition examines every type of hospital-acquired (nosocomial) infection and addresses every issue relating to surveillance, prevention, and control of these infections in patients and in healthcare workers. This new edition features new or significantly increased coverage of emerging infectious diseases, avian influenza, governmental regulation of infection control and payment practices related to hospital-acquired infections, molecular epidemiology, the increasing prevalence of community-acquired MRSA in healthcare facilities, system-wide infection control provisions for healthcare systems, hospital infection control issues following natural disasters, and antimicrobial stewardship in reducing the development of antimicrobial-resistant organisms."

"ABSTRAK Ketidakseimbangan nutrisi dan penyakit infeksi merupakan faktor yang saling mempengaruhi. Ketidakseimbangan nutrisi akan menyebabkan penyakit infeksi, sebaliknya penyakit infeksi juga akan menyebabkan anak mengalami ketidakseimbangan nutrisi. Karya ilmiah akhir ini bertujuan untuk memberikan gambaran asuhan keperawatan pada anak yang mengalami ketidakseimbangan nutrisi melalui pendekatan model konservasi Levine serta mengetahui gambaran skrining malnutrisi menggunakan Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score PYMS . Model konservasi Levine diaplikasikan pada lima kasus kelolaan. Intervensi yang diberikan berdasarkan prinsip konservasi Levine untuk mengatasi masalah yang ditemukan. Hasil evaluasi akhir perawatan dari tropichognosis ketidakseimbangan nutrisi pada kelima kasus menunjukkan masalah dapat teratasi. Metode Evidence Based Nursing Practice menggunakan pendekaatan PICO. Hasil skrining PYMS menggambarkan nilai sensitivitas dan spesifisitas lebih tinggi yaitu 95,7 dan 66,7 . PYMS dapat disarankan untuk digunakan dalam melakukan skrining anak dengan ketidakseimbangan nutrisi.

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ABSTRACTNutrition imbalances and infectious diseases are mutually influencing factors. Nutritional imbalances will lead to infectious diseases, otherwise infectious diseases will also cause the child to experience nutritional imbalances. This final study was to provide an illustration of nursing care in children with nutritional imbalances through the Levine conservation model approach and know the malnutrition screening using Paediatric Yorkhill Malnutrition Score PYMS . Levine 39 s conservation model was applied to five cases of management. Interventions are given based on Levine 39 s conservation principles to address the problems found. The final evaluation result of treatment of tropichognosis nutritional imbalances in the five cases indicates the problem can be resolved. The Evidence Based Nursing Practice method used the PICO approach. PYMS screening results illustrated a higher sensitivity and specificity of 95.7 and 66.7 . PYMS may be recommended for use in screening children with nutritional imbalances."

"ABSTRAK Penyakit infeksi erat kaitannya dengan masalah cairan dan elekrolit. Anak dengan masalah cairan dan elektrolit mayoritas akan diberikan terapi cairan dan elektrolit melalui terapi intravena. Pemberian cairan dan terapi melalui jalur intravena memiliki risiko komplikasi, salah satu komplikasi yang paling sering terjadi adalah flebitis. Model asuhan keperawatan konservasi Levine menawarkan konsep yang holistik yang mampu mengatasi masalah tersebut. Asuhan keperawatan model konservasi Levine bertujuan untuk mempertahankan keutuhan individu dengan cara beradaptasi melalui aspek konservasi energi, konservasi integritas struktur, integritas personal dan sosial. Pada masalah flebitis, residen menerapkan penyelesaian masalah dengan pendekatan PICO, menggunakan intervensi kompres air hangat pada anak yang mengalami flebitis. Hasil penerapan EBNP didapatkan bahwa kompres hangat mampu menurunkan derajat flebitis dengan efektif. Model asuhan keperawatan konservasi Levine mampu mengeksplorasi data yang diperlukan untuk masalah cairan dan elektrolit dan dapat diterapkan pada pasien anak di ruang infeksi.

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ABSTRACTInfectious diseases are closely related to fluid and electrolyte problems. Children with fluid and electrolyte problems will be given fluid and electrolyte therapy through intravenous therapy. Giving fluids and intravenous therapy have a risk of complications, one of the most common complications is phlebitis. Levine 39 s conservation nursing care model offers a holistic concept that addresses the problem. This model aimed to maintain the integrity of the individual by adaptation through the conservation of energy, structure, and personal and social integrity. In phlebitis problem, the resident used PICO method approach, using warm water compress in children with phlebitis. The results of EBNP implementation found warm compress can reduce the degree of phlebitis effectively. This model was able to explore the data needed for fluid and electrolyte problems and can be applied to pediatric patients in the infection ward."

"Intensive care is a rapidly changing area of medicine, and after four years from the 2nd edition the volume editors and authors have deemed necessary to update it. In the recent years, in fact, five new randomised controlled trials and five new meta-analyses demonstrate that selective decontamination of the digestive tract [SDD] is an antimicrobial prophylaxis to prevent severe infections of not only lower airways but also of blood. Additionally, SDD has been shown to reduce inflammation including multiple organ failure and mortality. An intriguing observation is the evidence that SDD using parenteral and enteral antimicrobials reduces rather than increases antimicrobial resistance. Moreover, a new chapter on microcirculation had been added."

"This book is unique in approaching multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) from the perspective of its pathophysiological mechanism, and addressing aspects that are overlooked in most of the available literature. Eminent experts in the field from Europe and beyond offer new insights into risk stratification, severity assessment, and management of critically ill patients with sepsis. The principal focus is on recently developed concepts in infection management and in antibiotic use, bearing in mind that in these patients the pharmacokinetics of antibiotics are altered, affecting renal clearance and requiring dosage adjustments. The significance of the PIRO (predisposing factors, infection, response, organ dysfunction) model in the development of effective treatment strategies is emphasized. "

"[Ilmu Kedokteran Gigi merupakan salah satu bidang yang rawan untukterjadinya kontaminasi silang antara pasien-dokter gigi, pasien-pasien dan pasien perawat. Kontrol Infeksi dapat mencegah terjadinya infeksi silang. Tujuan: Melihat hubungan Pengetahuan, Perilaku dan Faktor Lingkungan terhadap keberhasilan upaya Kontrol infeksi pada Mahasiswa Program Profesi Fakultas Kedokteran gigi Univesritas“x” di Jakarta. Metode: Metode penelitian yang digunakan cross sectional dengan Model penelitian Sequential Explonatory design. Penelitian dilakukan pada Mahasiswa Program Profesi Fakultas Kedokteran Gigi Universitas “X” di Jakarta yang sudah melewatipendidikan profesi selama 2 (dua) semester, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 101 mahasiswa. Hasil: Upaya Kontrol Infeksi pada Mahasiswa Program Profesi Fakultas Kedokteran gigi universitas “X” di Jakarta masih kurang baik.Ini dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan, perilaku dan faktor lingkungan masih kurang baik dan mempunyai p value< 0,05 sehingga mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan terhadap upaya kontrol infeksi. Kesimpulan: Pengetahuan dan Perilaku dapat ditingkatkan dengan membentuk program yang berisikan promosi kesehatan dalam bentuk poster-poster, standart operasional prosedur berdasarkan standard precautions dan seminar-seminar bagimahasiswa program profesi fakultas kedokteran gigi;Background: Dentistry is one of a science which has a high sensitivity to causedcross-contamination between the patient-dentist, patient-patient and patient-nurse. Infection control may prevent cross-infection. Objective: Knowing the relationship between Knowledge, Behavior and Environmental Factors with successfull of Infection Control by the students of Professional Program Study of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas "x" in Jakarta. Methods: The method used is cross sectional with research model Sequential Explonatory Design. The study which has the total sample of 101 students was conducted and involved thestudents of Professional Program Study of the Faculty of Dentistry, University "X" in Jakarta, which has passed the professional education for two (2) semesters. Results: Infection Control Efforts conducted by the student of Professional Program Study Faculty of Dentistry, University "X" in Jakarta is not maximal. It was affected by the Knowledge, Behavior and Environmental Factors which not good enough and has a p value <0.05 and therefore has a significant relationship which infection control effort. Conclusion: Knowledge and Behavior can be improved by establishing a program containing health promotion in the form of posters, standard operating procedures based on standard precautions and seminars for the students of Professional Program Study of the faculty of dentistry., Background: Dentistry is one of a science which has a high sensitivity to causedcross-contamination between the patient-dentist, patient-patient and patient-nurse.Infection control may prevent cross-infection. Objective: Knowing therelationship between Knowledge, Behavior and Environmental Factors withsuccessfull of Infection Control by the students of Professional Program Study ofthe Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas "x" in Jakarta. Methods: The method used iscross sectional with research model Sequential Explonatory Design. The studywhich has the total sample of 101 students was conducted and involved thestudents of Professional Program Study of the Faculty of Dentistry, University"X" in Jakarta, which has passed the professional education for two (2) semesters.Results: Infection Control Efforts conducted by the student of ProfessionalProgram Study Faculty of Dentistry, University "X" in Jakarta is not maximal. Itwas affected by the Knowledge, Behavior and Environmental Factors which notgood enough and has a p value <0.05 and therefore has a significant relationshipwhich infection control effort. Conclusion: Knowledge and Behavior can beimproved by establishing a program containing health promotion in the form ofposters, standard operating procedures based on standard precautions andseminars for the students of Professional Program Study of the faculty ofdentistry.]"

"Recurrent abdominal pain (RAP) is a very common presenting complaint in pediatric population. There is still a debate regarding the role of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection as an etiology of RAR Typically the inflammatory process in the gastric mucosa of infected individuals is chronic gastritis. Serologic and histologic examination are widely used for the diagnosis. This study was aimed to determine the role of H.pylori infection in Indonesian children with RAR The presence of serum IgG antibody to H. pylori and upper gastrointestinal endoscopy were performed on the 101 children with RAR Mztcosal biopsies were obtained for histologic analysis. The prevalence of H. pylori infection indicated by serology was 32.7% and by histology was 27. 7%. Histologic evidence of gastritis was present in 94.1 % children and 45% of them had chronic atrophic and active gastritis. Seventy percent children with H. pylori positive were found abnormal through endoscopy and all of the infected children were revealed abnormal through histological examination. Forty eight percent of seropositive children were found H. pylori positive and 80% of seronegatives children were found to be H pylori negative through histologic examination. Conclusion: H. pylori infection can be a cause of RAP in children. Work up for H. pylori infection should be performed when symptoms are suggestive of organic disease. Larger prospective studies are needed to be perforated for a longer time of period to clarify this issue."