Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Latar Belakang: Pembedahan dikatakan sebagai penyebab 40% kasus AKI di rumah sakit. Penelitian difokuskan pada pengaruh ekstravasasi cairan ke interstitial yang disebabkan karena kebocoran kapiler. Kebocoran kapiler juga mengakibatkan terjadinya mikroalbuminuria. Peningkatan CVP atau tekanan intraabdominal (IAP) akan menghasilkan penurunan filtrasi ginjal sesuai dengan derajat transmisi tekanan ke glomeruli. Penelitian ini dimaksudkan untuk melihat hubungan antara indeks kebocoran kapiler (CLI), mikroalbuminuria (ACR) dan efektif renal perfusion pressure (eRPP) sebagai prediktor AKI pada pasien pasca bedah abdomen mayor.Pasien dan metode: Penelitian merupakan studi kohort prospektif observasional pasien usia 18-65 tahun yang menjalani operasi bedah abdomen mayor sejak tanggal 29 Agustus sampai 21 Desember 2021 di RSUD Provinsi NTB dan mendapatkan total 76 subjek penelitian, dengan 2 pasien drop out. CLI, ACR, dan eRPP diukur pra-operasi, 12 jam dan 36 jam pasca bedah dengan kejadian AKI diamati hingga hari keempat pasca bedah. Uji statistik menggunakan uji chi square dilanjutkan cox- regresi.Hasil: Data observasi CLI pada jam ke-0 diperoleh RR 1,29 pada titik potong ROC CLI >50. Data observasi ACR pada jam ke-0 dan jam ke-12 masing-masing memperoleh RR 1,261 (p=0,104; 95% CI 1,003-1,586) dan RR 1,211 (p=0,10; 95% CI 1,017-1,444). Data eRPP pada setiap jam pengukuran pada analisis bivariate tidak bermakna secara statistik namun pada analisis multivariate menggunakan cox regresi untuk mengetahui hubungan CLI, ACR, dan eRPP terhadap kejadian AKI setelah di-adjusted variabel perancu pada jam ke-0 diperoleh nilai RR dari variabel eRPP sebesar 9,125 dengan p= 0,037; CI 95% = 1,141293 - 72,95725. Subyek dengan AKI mengalami mortalitas sebesar 31,58% dan berisiko 2,384 kali untuk mengalami kematian (p = 0,0351, CI 95% = 1,133-5,018).Kesimpulan: Subjek dengan nilai eRPP <40 berisiko 9,125 kali untuk mengalami AKI. Subyek yang mengalami AKI berisiko 2,384 kali untuk mengalami kematian.

---

Background: Surgery caused of 40% of AKI cases in hospital which often occurs in the early days up to 4 days after surgery. The pathophysiology of postoperative AKI is multifactorial, the study focused on the effect of extravasation of fluid into the interstitium caused by capillary leakage. Capillary leakage also results in microalbuminuria. An increase in CVP or intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) will result decrease in renal filtration according to the degree of pressure transmission to the glomeruli. This study was intended to examine the relationship between capillary leakage index (CLI), microalbuminuria (ACR) and effective renal perfusion pressure (eRPP) as predictors of AKI in patients after major abdominal surgery.

Patients and method: This is an observational analytic study with a prospective longitudinal cohort design with consecutive sampling of patients aged 18-65 years who underwent major abdominal surgery from August 29, 2021 to December 21, 2021. The study included a total of 76 subjects, with 2 patients dropped out. The variables were CLI, ACR, and eRPP were measured preoperatively, 12 hours postoperatively, and 36 hours postoperatively and the incidence of AKI was observed until the fourth postoperative day. Statistical test using chi square test then followed by logistic regression to assess multivariately if it meets the requirements.

Results: CLI observation data at hour 0 obtained RR 1.29 at the point of intersection ROC CLI >50. ACR observation data at hour 0 and hour 12 each obtained RR 1.261 (p=0.104; 95% CI 1.003-1.586) and RR 1.211 (p=0.10; 95% CI 1.017-1.444). The eRPP data at each hour of measurement in bivariate analysis was not statistically significant, but in multivariate analysis using cox regression to determined relationship between CLI, ACR, and eRPP on the incidence of AKI after adjusting confounding variables at 0th hour the RR value of the eRPP was 9.125 with p = 0.037; 95% CI = 1,141293 - 72,95725. Subject with AKI experience a mortality of 31,58% and 2.384 times risk of mortality (p = 0,0351, CI 95% = 1,133-5,018).

Conclusion: Subjects with eRPP value <40 have 9,125 times experiencing AKI. Subjects who experienced AKI had a 2,384 times risk of mortality."

"Latar belakang : Pembedahan abdomen secara laparotomi menyebabkan penurunan kadar albumin. Kadar albumin di bawah 3,00 g/dL berperan dalam terjadinya mortalitas dan morbiditas pasca-operasi.Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara kadar albumin pre-operasi dan pasca-operasi terhadap luaran klinis pasca-operasi laparotomi.Metode : Penelitian ini dengan desain kohort retrospektif menggunakan data rekam medis Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak tahun 2015-2017. Total sampling pada pasien pasca-laparotomi di PICU dengan rentang usia 1 bulan hingga 18 tahun, dikelompokan ke dalam dua kategori, yaitu: albumin ≤ 3,0 g/dL dan > 3,00 g/dL. Subyek diambil data luaran klinis pasca-operasi seperti sepsis pasca-operasi, infeksi luka operasi, dehisens, relaparotomi, dan lama rawat di PICU.Hasil : Dua ratus satu subyek pasca-laparotomi diikutsertakan dalam penelitian ini. Kadar albumin pre-operasi ≤ 3,0 g/dL meningkatkan risiko terjadinya sepsis pasca-operasi (RR 3,40(95%IK: 1,54-7,51), relaparotomi (RR 3,84(95%IK: 1,28-11,49), dan lama rawat PICU 2 kali lebih lama daripada normoalbuminemia. Kadar albumin pasca-operasi ≤ 3,0 g/dL meningkatkan risiko terjadinya sepsis pasca-operasi (RR 2,55(95%IK: 1,40-4,63) dan lama rawat PICU 1 hari lebih lama daripada normoalbuminemia. Mortalitas pada kelompok hipoalbuminemia sebesar 19,2% dengan RR 3,44(95%IK: 1,07-11,07).Simpulan : Hipoalbuminemia pre-operatif atau pasca-operatif meningkatkan risiko kejadian sepsis pasca-operatif. Hipoalbuminemia pre-operatif atau pasca-operatif tidak berhubungan dengan infeksi luka operasi. Hipoalbuminemia pre-operatif atau pasca-operatif tidak berhubungan dengan risiko kejadian dehisens. Hipoalbuminemia pre-operatif meningkatkan risiko untuk menjalani relaparotomi. Hipoalbuminemia pre-operatif atau pasca-operatif memperpanjang lama rawat di PICU. Hipoalbuminemia pre-operatif meningkatkan angka mortalitas.

---

Backgrounds : Laparotomy abdominal surgery decreasing serum albumin. Serum albumin concentration below 3,00 g/dL associated with postoperative morbidity and mortality.

Aim: To determine the relationship between serum albumin (preoperative and postoperative) and postoperative clinical course.

Methods : Retrospesctive observational study in pediatric patients undergoing laparotomy and hospitalized in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit during January 2015- December 2017. Post-laparotomy patients over the age range 1 month to 18 years, classified according to serum albumin concentration: ≤ 3,0 g/dL and > 3,00 g/dL. Postoperative outcome measured by postoperative sepsis, surgical site infection, dehiscence, relaparotomy, PICU length of stay, and mortality.

Results : Two hundred and one subjects undergone laparotomy participated. Preoperative serum albumin ≤ 3,0 g/dL increase risk of postoperative sepsis (RR 3,40 (95%CI: 1,54-7,51)), relaparotomy (RR 3,84 (95%CI: 1,28-11,49)), and twice longer in Pediatric Intensive Care Unit length of stay. Postoperative albumin ≤ 3,0 g/dL increase risk of postoperative sepsis (RR 2,55(95%CI: 1,40-4,63)) and Pediatric Intensive Care Unit length of stay. Mortality rate in hypoalbuminemic group is 19,2% with RR 3,44(95%CI: 1,07-11,07).

Conclusions : Preoperative and postoperative hypoalbuminemia increase risk of postoperative sepsis. Preoperative and postoperative hypoalbuminemia not associated with risk of surgical site infection and wound dehiscense. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia increase risk of relaparotomy. Preoperative and postoperative albumin concentration inversely related with Pediatric Intensive Care Unit length of stay. Preoperative hypoalbuminemia increase mortality rate."

"Latar Belakang: Bedah abdomen merupakan salah satu tindakan yang memiliki persentase mortalitas dan morbiditas yang tinggi. Pemberian cairan sebagai kompensasi hipotensi dan kehilangan darah yang menyebabkan gangguan hemodinamik pada pasien bedah mayor abdomen menjadi faktor resiko utama dalam terjadinya morbiditas dan mortalitas. Hipotensi dan gangguan hemodinamik dapat dipertahankan dengan pemberian vasopressor. Norepinefrin merupakan vasopressor lini pertama yang diberikan untuk mempertahankan hemodinamik. Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan sistem random sampling, 196 subjek dipilih berdasarkan kriteria inklusi dan dilakukan randomisasi untuk dikategorikan menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok terapi standar dan kelompok norepinefrin. Hasil: Hasil penelitian dengan Chi-square menunjukkan bahwa durasi hipotensi dan laktat serta profil hemodinamik (index contractility, mixed vein, stroke volume variation) tidak memiliki perbedaan yang bermakna antara kelompok norepinefrin dan kelompok terapi standar (OR 1.00;95% CI = 0.062 - 16.217; OR 1.18;95% CI = 0.670-2.095; OR 1.09;95% CI = 0.611 – 1.952; OR 0.94;95% CI = 0.472- 1.872; OR 1.54;95% CI = 0.863-2.746). Kesimpulan: Pada penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa dengan pemberian norepinefrin dini pada awal fase hipotensi memiliki efek yang sama baiknya dengan terapi cairan, sehingga dapat menjadi alternatif dalam mempertahankan hemodinamik perioperatif.

---

Introduction: Major abdominal surgery is one of the actions that have a percentage of high mortality and morbidity. Giving fluid as compensation for hypotension and loss of blood causes disturbance in hemodynamics in patients with major abdominal surgery factor risk main in happening morbidity and mortality. Hypotension and disorders in hemodynamics could be maintained with the administration of vasopressors. Norepinephrine is a first-line vasopressor for maintaining hemodynamics. Method: In this experimental study with systematic random sampling, 196 subjects were chosen based on criteria inclusion and randomization for categorized into two groups that is group therapy standard and group norepinephrine. Result: This experiment analyzed with Chi-square shows that duration hypotension and lactate as well as profile hemodynamics (index contractility, mixed vein, stroke volume variation) do have meaningful differences _ Among group norepinephrine and group therapy standard OR 1.00;95% CI = 0.062 - 16.217; OR 1.18;95% CI = 0.670-2.095; OR 1.09;95% CI = 0.611 – 1.952; OR 0.94;95% CI = 0.472- 1.872; OR 1.54;95% CI = 0.863-2.746). Conclusion: This experiment obtained that given norepinephrine at the beginning phase of hypotension has the same effect as fluid therapy, so that could be an alternative in maintaining hemodynamics perioperativ"

"ABSTRAKNyeri pasca bedah abdomen adalah gabungan dari beberapa pengalaman sensori, emosional, dan mental yang tidak menyenangkan akibat trauma bedah. Walaupun nyeri telah dikelola dengan baik, kira-kira 86% pasien mengalami nyeri sedang ke hebat pasca bedah meskipun analgesik ditingkatkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan karakteristik responden (exploratory study) dan selanjutnya menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi intensitas nyeri pasca bedah abdomen (explanatory study). Desain penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan cross sectional pada 67 orang responden pasca bedah abdomen. Pada penelitian ini digunakan instrumen State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI) Form Y untuk menilai keadaan cemas pasien pasca bedah abdomen, sikap dan keyakinan terhadap nyeri, dan skala nyeri untuk menilai intensitas nyeri pasca bedah menggunakan kombinasi Visual Analog Scale (VAS) dan Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi secara signifikan terhadap intensitas nyeri pasca bedah abdomen adalah jenis kelamin (p value = 0,005), letak insisi (p value = 0,0005), dan tingkat kecemasan (p value = 0,0005). Faktor yang paling mempengaruhi intensitas nyeri pasca bedah abdomen adalah tingkat kecemasan (standardized coefficient β 0,501). Hasil penelitian ini bermanfaat bagi praktisi keperawatan sebagai acuan asuhan keperawatan dalam melakukan pengelolaan nyeri pasca bedah abdomen untuk mempertimbangkan faktor tingkat kecemasan, jenis kelamin, dan letak insisi. Rekomendasi hasil penelitian ini perlu adanya penelitian lebih lanjut dengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dan faktor-faktor lain yang dapat mempengaruhi nyeri.

---

ABSTRACT

Abdominal postoperative pain is a combined of several unpleasant sensory, emotional, and mental experience precipitated by the surgical trauma. Pain experience are influenced by many factors and it is difficult to understand and about 86% of patients experience moderate to severe pain following surgery in the hospital. The purpose of this study was to identify the characteristic of respondent (exploratory study) and to explain influencing factors of abdominal postoperative pain intensity (explanatory study). The design was an analytic description using a cross sectional for 67 respondents abdominal postoperative. In the study using State Anxiety Inventory (S-AI) Form Y instrument was used to measure the abdominal postoperative state anxiety, attitudes and beliefs about pain, and pain scale using a combined Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) was used to measure postoperative pain intensity. The finding showed that gender (p value = 0,005), incision site (p value = 0,0005), and anxiety levels (p value = 0,0005) were significantly influencing factors of abdominal postoperative pain intensity. The most influencing factor of abdominal postoperative pain intensity was anxiety levels (standardized coefficient β 0,501). This study information for nursing practitioner as reference in nursing care planning should be considered anxiety levels, gender, and incision site to management of patients with postoperative pain relief. It is recommended to conduct further research using more samples and other factors that also may alter pain reaction."

"Tesis ini membahas mengenai performa skor V-POSSUM sebagai prediktor mortalitas 30 hari pasca tindakan EVAR TEVAR pada pasien AAA dan TAA di RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo.Penelitian ini merupakan studi kohort retrospektif menggunakan data dari rekam medis. Data yang diambil sesuai variabel yang terdapat dalam sistem skoring dalam bentuk kategorik lalu diolah secara statistik untuk menguji validitas skor V-POSSUM. Hasil penelitian melibatkan 85 pasien yang memenuhi syarat penerimaan penelitian. Dari pengolahan data statistik diketahui bahwa skor fisiologis, risiko morbiditas, dan risiko mortalitas dapat digunakan sebagai model untuk memprediksi luaran kematian karena memiliki performa akurasi dan diskriminasi yang baik, sedangkan skor kepelikan operasi tidak dapat digunakan karena secara statistik tidak menunjukkan hal yang sama. Nilai P hasil perhitungan 'Goodnes of Fit Model' skor fisiologis, risiko morbiditas, risiko mortalitas masing-masing adalah 0.00, sedangkan skor kepelikan operasi 0.18 (>0.05). 'Area Under the Curve' (AUC) masing-masing adalah 94%, 93%, 93%, dengan titik potong masing-masing berada di angka 31, 68.8, dan 10.6. Sebagai kesimpulan adalah bahwa skor V-POSSUM memiliki akurasi dan diskriminasi yang baik bukan hanya pada skor risiko mortalitasnya saja, namun pada skor fisiologis dan skor risiko morbiditasnya.

---

This thesis discusses the performance of V-POSSUM score as a predictor of 30 days mortality after EVAR TEVAR in AAA and TAA patients at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. This study is a retrospective cohort method using data from medical records. Data taken according to the variables contained in the scoring system in categorical form then processed statistically to test the validity of the V-POSSUM score. The results of the study involved 85 patients who met the research acceptance requirements. From the processing of statistical data it is known that physiological scores, morbidity risk, and mortality risk can be used as a model to predict the outcome of death because it has good performance in accuracy and discrimination, while the severity score of surgery cannot be used because it does not show the same result statistically. The P value calculated by the Goodnes of Fit Model physiological score, the morbidity risk, the mortality risk of each was 0.00, while the severity score of the operation was 0.18 (> 0.05). Area Under the Curve (AUC) are 94%, 93%, 93%, respectively, with points 31, 68.8 and 10.6. The conclusion is that the V-POSSUM score has good accuracy and discrimination not only on the mortality risk score, but also on the physiological score and the morbidity risk score."

"Although there has been a slow but steady decrease in incidence, gastric cancer remains the second leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Several aspects of the oncological and surgical management are still controversial and so gastric cancer represents a challenge for the surgeon. This book aims to delineate the state of the art in the surgical and oncological treatment of gastric cancer, describing the new TNM staging system, the extent of visceral resection and lymphadenectomy focusing on the different open and minimally invasive surgical techniques and discussing intraoperative chemohyperthermia and neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment. Operative endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography are also discussed, as these now have an important role in both diagnostic work-up and palliative care of gastric cancer patients. Only a multidisciplinary approach involving the surgeon, gastroenterologist, and oncologist can produce the comprehensive and integrated overview that today constitutes a winning strategy for the optimization of results.What we hope we have achieved is a flexible, up-to-date, exhaustive publication, rich in illustrations and consistent with evidence-based medicine."

"Latar Belakang: Laparoskopi nefrektomi merupakan teknik pembedahan pilihan untuk pasien donor ginjal di RSCM karena memiliki beberapa keunggulan dibandingkan laparotomi. Pembedahan akan mengaktivasi respon stress yang mempengaruhi perubahan hemodinamik intraoperatif. Kombinasi anestesi regional epidural dengan anestesi umum dapat mengurangi respon stress intraoperatif. Teknik yang digunakan adalah epidural. Blok Quadratus Lumborum (QL) merupakan blok interfasia efektif sebagai analgesia pasca bedah abdomen. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai respon stress hemodinamik intraoperatif antara blok QL dan epidural pada pasien laparoskopi nefrektomi. Parameter yang dinilai adalah tekanan arteri rata-rata (MAP), laju nadi, indeks kardiak (CI), dan gula darah. Kebutuhan fentanyl intraoperatif juga turut dinilai. Metode: Penelitian ini adalah uji klinis acak tidak tersamar terhadap pasien donor ginjal yang menjalani laparoskopi nefrektomi di RSCM selama bulan Juni hingga September 2018. Dilakukan randomisasi sebanyak 36 subjek menjadi 2 kelompok. Setelah induksi, kelompok epidural diberikan epidural kontinyu bupivacain 0.25% sebanyak 6 ml/jam dan pada kelompok QL diberikan 20 ml bupivacain 0.25% secara bilateral. Variabel MAP, laju nadi, CI, gula darah dan kebutuhan fentanyl intraoperatif dicatat. Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji bivariat t-test tidak berpasangan, Mann-Whitney serta uji multivariat general linear model. Hasil: Perubahan MAP pada kelompok QL lebih baik secara signifikan dibandingkan dengan epidural. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna pada variabel laju nadi, CI, gula darah dan kebutuhan fentanyl intraoperatif. Kesimpulan: Blok QL tidak lebih baik dari epidural dalam menurunkan respon stress intraoperatif pada laparoskopi nefrektomi. Akan tetapi perubahan MAP pada blok QL lebih stabil.

---

Background: Laparoscopic nephrectomy is a surgical technique preferred for renal donor in RSCM because of its advantages over laparotomy. Surgery activated stress responses thus affected intraoperative hemodynamics. Regional epidural anesthesia often combined with general anesthesia to reduce stress responses. Quadratus Lumborum (QL) block is an interfacial block and effective as abdominal surgery analgesia. This study was aimed to assess intraoperative hemodynamic stress response between QL and epidural block in laparoscopic nephrectomy patients. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), pulse rate, cardiac index (CI), and blood sugar was collected. Intraoperative fentanyl consumption also noted.

Methods: This was a randomized clinical trial of renal donor patients who underwent laparoscopic nephrectomy at RSCM during June to September 2018. A total of 36 subjects were randomized into 2 groups. After induction of general anesthesia, the epidural group received continuous epidural infusion of 0.25% 6 ml / hour of bupivacaine and QL group received 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine. MAP variables, pulse rate, CI, blood sugar and intraoperative fentanyl consumption were recorded in both groups. Data was analyzed with bivariate paired t-test, Mann-Whitney and multivariate general linear model test.

Results: MAP changes in QL group is significantly better than epidural group. There was no difference in heart rate, CI, blood glucose and fentanyl consumption intraoperative between two groups.

Conclusion : QL block compared to epidural did not have better result in reducing intraoperative stress response. However, MAP changes in QL group have better stability than epidural group."

"Recurrent abdominal pain is one of the most common symptoms found in children. Description of abdominal pain is important in determining the etiologic cause. Organic pain must be ruled out first before suspecting psychogenic cause of pain. However; Children and infant are likely having difficulties in describing abdominal pain. Referred pain may lead to misdiagnosis. Alarm symptoms of abdominal pain are important indices and must be recognized. Careful and complete anamnesis and physical examination play critical role in management approach of recurrent abdominal pain in children and determine whether medical therapy only or combination with surgical intervention is considered necessary."

"Kecemasan pada pasien yang menjalani kateterisasi jantung dapat mengakibatkan proses kateterisasi jantung terganggu, meningkatkan risiko penyakit dan serangan jantung berulang, serta meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi guided imagery dan abdominal breathing terhadap respon psikofisiologis kecemasan. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain randomisasi controlled trial. Sampel penelitian berjumlah 78 orang pasien CAD yang menjalani kateterisasi jantung elektif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan signifikan respon psikofisiologis kecemasan setelah pemberian kombinasi guided imagery dan abdominal breathing (p<0,05). Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah kombinasi guided imagery dan abdominal breathing menurunkan respon psikofisiologis kecemasan. Rekomendasi untuk manajemen rumah sakit agar menggunakan kombinasi guided imagery dan abdominal breathing sebagai standar operasional prosedur ruangan kateterisasi jantung.

---

Anxiety in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization can lead to impair cardiac catheterization process, increase the risk of recurrent disease and heart attacks, as well as increase morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to determine the effect of a combination of guided imagery and abdominal breathing on psychophysiological response anxiety. This study used a randomized controlled trial design. These samples included 78 patients with CAD who underwent elective cardiac catheterization.

The results showed that a significant decrease in anxiety psychophysiological response after the administration combination of guided imagery and abdominal breathing (p <0.05). The conclusion of the study is a combination of guided imagery and abdominal breathing reduce anxiety psychophysiological responses. A recommendation is directed foward the hospital management to use a combination of guided imagery and abdominal breathing can be used as a standard operating procedure cardiac catheterization room."