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"ABSTRAKSauromatum and Typhonium are two genera belonging to the Araceae family. The genera have similarities in morphology. Since the genera were erected by Schott in 1832, they have often been reduced to one genus, i.e. Typhonium, by many taxonomists, only to be separated again by others. This dispute has now been resolved after research on chlorophast and DNA molecular sequences, conducted in 2010 by Cusimano et al. This research demonstrated that the two genera do differ significantly. Therefore, they should be separated taxonomically, as Typhonium and Sauromatum. Soon after the publication of this research, the name Sauromatum horsfieldii was restored, replacing Typhonium horsfieldii which now is reduced to status of a synonym."

"Senyawa kimia antioksidan yang terkandung dalam asam kandis, yaitu kulit buah kandis (G. parvifofia) yang dikeringkan, dicari dengan membuat ekstraknya dalam EtOAc. Ekstrak tersebut difraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom, menggunakan cellte dan pelarut berturut-turut n-heksana, diklorometana, dan EtOAc. Senyawa dalam fraksi diklorometana diisolasi dengan cara kromatografi kolom, dengan pengembang campuran n-heksana : EtOAc yang polaritasnya dinaikkan secara bertahap. Dari fraksi 5 didapatkan senyawa GB secara kromatografi kolom menggunakan pengembang EtOAc: n-heksana =2 : 1.Senyawa GB berupa kristal warna putih kecoklatan, titik leteh 172° C, mudah larut dalam EtOAc dan CHCI3.Hasil uji dengan metoda thiosianat, menggunakan antioksidan pembanding BHT,BHA, dan Tokoferol, ternyata senyawa GB menunjukkan kemampuan aktivitas sebagai antloksidanStruktur molekul senyawa GB ditentukan berdasarkan data spektroskopi (UV, Infra Merah, El-MS, 1H-NMR, dan 13C-NMR ). Dari data spektroskopi dlketahui bahwa senyawa GB adalah senyawa prenil depsidon dengan rumus molekul C₂₄H₂₆O₇ (M = 426 )

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Antioxidant Compound of Kandis [Garcinia Parvifolia (Miq.) Miq.] A searching of antioxidant compound of sundried pericarp of Garcinia p a r v i f o l i a fruit, or well-known as ?a s a m k a n d i s?, were done to its EtOAc extracts. The EtOAc extracts were prefractionated by cellte coloumn chromatography, eluting with n-hexana, methylene chloride and EtOAc respectively.Isolation of methylene chloride fraction's compounds were done by coloumn chromatography, using silica gel eluted with n-hexana and EtOAc Increased stepwise, yielded a crystal compound.A substance named GB was isolated by using EtOAc : n-Hexana= 1 : 2. The GB compound was a brownish white crystal and its melting point was 172° C, and the crystal was EtOAc and CHCI3 soluble.It was evident that GB compound has antioxidant activity as well as BHT, BHA and Tocopherol by means of thiocyanate method. Using data from spectroscopy of UV, Infrared, El-MS, 1 H-NMR, and 13 C-NMR, It was found out that the GB compound was a prenil depsidone, and Its molecular structure was C24H₂₆O₇ ( M=426 )."

"Gonatopus boivinii (Decne.) Engl., or 'Giraffe's Knees', is a unique plant belonging to the araceae family. The genus Gonatopus comprises five species, all of which are endemic to tropical and subtropical south eastern Africa. Amongst the species, G. boivinii is held in the collections of many botanical gardens in the world including the Bogor Botanic Gardens, Indonesia. Gonatopus ids often mistakenly named as an Amorphophallus species, due to the close similarities in appearance of the leaf of the two genera. G. boivinii was at one time recorded in the collection of the Bogor Botanic Gardens, having been documented in the garden's cataloque for the year 1930 and 1957 as planted in location Vak 11.B. VIII.152. Subsequently, the apparent loss of the species had been uncertain until recently, when G. boivinii was again found growing in another location, in Kenari Avenue 1, I.E. IN vak Z of the Gardens. The finding of the species has been reported to the Garden Registration. It is registered as a spontaneous in the garden's collection."

"ABSTRACTThe genus Amydrium belongs to the Araceae family, consists of five species that is A. hainanense H.Li, Y.Shiao & S.L. Tseng, A. sinense (Engl.) H.Li, A. humile Schott, A. medium (Zoll. & Moritzi) Nicolson and A. zippelianum (Schott) Nicolson. The last three species are found in Indonesia whereas the first two species occurs in Vietnam and China. Amydrium humile is found restrictly in Sumatera and Malay Peninsula and considered rare in the wild due to habitat loss by human activities. Bearing no flowers on its climbing shoot A. humile is unique among other member of the genera. The species is collected from Regist 9B Seminung, Mount Lumbok Seminung Protected Forest, West Lampung Regency and cultivated in Bogor Botanic Gardens. "

"ABSTRAKMysritiqa tesysmanii Miq. (Mysriticaceae or nutmeg family) is locally named Durenan, Kayu Palan, Kosar, or Kayu Resep. This species is categorized as edangered species under the IUCN category and criteria Herbarium on information gathered from herbarium collections in herbarium Bogoriense and Natio0nal Herbarium the Netherlands, this species was found only in eastern part of java island, indicating the distinctiveness of its geographic distribution. its morhological characters, current population status, potential threats and human values, as well as amplications for its conservation are described."

"Dua senyawa triterpenoid telah berhasil diisolasi dari ekstrak n-heksana dengan metoda kromatografi kolom cepat dari kulit batang Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq.(Cluciaceae). Senyawa hasil isolasi teridentifikasi sebagai asam-3okso-7,24-euphadien-26oat dan asam 3β-hidroksi-7,24-euphadien-26-oat. Penentuan struktur ditentukan dengan UV-vis, FT-IR, tehnik 1D dan 2D NMR.

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Triterpenoids from n-hexane extract of Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq. stem bark. Chromatographic separation of n-hexane extract of dried Garcinia picrorrhiza Miq. stem bark (Cluciaceae) furnished two triterpenoids, identified as 3oxo-7,24-euphadien-26oic acid (1), 3β-hydroxy-7,24-euphadien-26 oic acid (2). The structure of compounds were determined by using UV-vis, FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR techniques."

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui daya antibakteri ekstrak n-heksana dan ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang manggis hutan (Garcinia rigida Miq.) terhadap kuman Salmonella typhosa ATCC 14028,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 dan Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Penelitian dilakukan melalui penentuan zona hambatan pertumbuhan dengan metode difusi silinder dan kadar hambat minimal (KHM) denganmetode dilusi penapisan lempeng. Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak n-heksana kulit batang Garcinia rigida Miq. Tidak memberikan zona hambatan terhadap pertumbuhan kuman Salmonella typhosa ATCC 14028,Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 dan Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, tetapi memberikan nilai kadar hambat minimal pada konsentrasi 500 mg/ml untuk Salmonella typhosa ATCC 14028, 250 mg/ml untukStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 dan 125 mg/ml untuk Bacillus subtilisATCC 6633, sedangkan ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang Garcinia rigida Miq. memberikan zona hambatan terhadap pertumbuhan pada konsentrasi 500, 250 dan 125 mg/ml berturut-turut untuk Salmonella typhosaATCC 14028 adalah 11,15; 9,05; 7,55 mm sedangkan untuk Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 adalah 14,25; 11,10; 8,95 mm dan untuk Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 adalah 20,97; 15,00; 10,07 mm. Kadar hambat minimal untuk kadar ekstrak etil asetat berturut-turut untuk kumanSalmonella typhosa ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 danBacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 adalah 250, 62,5 dan 31,25 mg/ml. Disimpulkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang manggis hutan (Garcinia rigida Miq.) memiliki daya antibakteri lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ekstrak n-heksana kulit batang manggis hutan (Garcinia rigida Miq.)

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AbstractA research on the antibacterial activity of n-hexane extract and the ethyl acetate Garcinia rigida Miq. Bark against Salmonella typhosaATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 dan Bacillus subtilisATCC 6633 has been carried out. The research was included the determination of the growth inhibition zona with the cylinder diffusion method and the minimum inhibitory concentration with the petri dish dilution method. The result of this study showed that the n-hexane extract of Garcinia rigida Miq.bark did not give the growth inhibition zona to Salmonella typhosa ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633, but gave the minimum inhibitory concentration at 500 mg/ml for Salmonella typhosaATCC 14028, 250 mg/ml for Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 and 125 mg/ml for Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633. Whereas the ethyl acetateextract of Garcinia rigida Miq. bark gave the growth inhibition zona of concentration 500, 250 and 125 mg/ml with average diameter toSalmonella typhosa ATCC 14028 were about 11.15, 9.05, 7.55 mm, toStaphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213 were about 14.25, 11.10, 8.95 mm and to Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 were about 20.97, 15.00, 10.07 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentration to ethyl acetate extract toSalmonella typhosa ATCC 14028, Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213and Bacillus subtilis ATCC 6633 were about 250, 62,5 and 31,25 mg/ml respectively. As a conclusion, the ethyl acetate extract ofGarcinia rigida Miq. bark hadmore better antibacterial activity than the n-hexane extract of Garcinia rigida Miq. Bark"

"ABSTRACTKokoleceran ( Vatica bantamensis) is the floral emblem of Banten, but its existence is worrying because (1 ) its has been endangered, (2) in natural habitat although still exist but low population, (3) collection at Bogor Botanical Garden is getting old and difficult to bear fruit, (4) propagation has not been successful, and (5) despite reintroduction but not yet monitored. If this condition is left then it will be more worrisome. We will be sorry if the used plant it becomes extinct. May many people care and immediately take meaningful action to save V. bantamensis from extinction."

"ABSTRAKTanaman Garcinia latissima Miq. yang tumbuh di Pulau Seram Maluku dan Papua dan dibudidayakan di Kebun Raya Bogor kemungkinan mempunyai potensi sebagai antimikroba. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan isolat senyawa aktif dari fraksi aktif sebagai antibakteri atau antifungi dan mendapatkan struktur senyawa aktif dari tanaman G. latissima Miq. Bahan tanaman kulit buah, kulit batang, dan daun Garcinia latissima Miq. masing-masing dimaserasi secara bertingkat dengan menggunakan tiga macam pelarut n-heksana, etil asetat, dan metanol sehingga diperoleh sembilan ekstrak. Uji antimikroba 9 ekstrak ini dilakukan terhadap dua bakteri gram positif Staphylococcus aureus dan Bacillus subtilis , dua bakteri gram negatif Pseudomonas aeruginosa dan Escherichia coli dan dua jamur Candida albicans dan Trichophyton mentagrophytes dengan menggunakan uji zona hambat. Ekstrak yang memberikan zona hambat, dilakukan uji zona hambat kembali dengan menggunakan 2 ekstrak dalam DMSO. Ekstrak yang memberikan zona hambat pada konsentrasi 2 dilakukan uji konsentrasi hambat minimal KHM menggunakan metode dilusi dan kemudian difraksinasi menggunakan kromatografi kolom. Fraksi-fraksi yang diperoleh diuji zona hambat dan penetapan nilai KHM secara mikrodilusi. Fraksi yang memberikan penghambatan terhadap bakteri kemudian diuji secara bioautografi sehingga dapat diketahui ada tidaknya komponen dari fraksi yang dapat memberikan zona hambat. Fraksi yang mempunyai KHM 2.500 ppm atau kurang dan yang mempunyai bobot fraksi yang memungkinkan kemudian dilakukan isolasi dengan menggunakan kromatografi kolom, kromatografi lapis tipis preparatif KLTP , dan rekristalisasi. Isolat yang diperoleh diidentifikasi menggunakan spektrometri UV-Vis, FTIR, LCMS Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrofotometry , spektrometri 1HNMR, 13CNMR, HMQC, dan HMBC. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etil asetat kulit buah dan ekstrak etil asetat kulit batang pada konsentrasi 2 memberikan zona hambat terhadap B. subtilis dan P. aeruginosa. Ekstrak metanol kulit buah 2 dan ekstrak metanol kulit batang 2 memberikan zona hambat terhadap B. subtilis dan S. aureus. Ekstrak metanol kulit buah 2 juga memberikan zona hambat terhadap P. aeruginosa. Ekstrak etil asetat daun dan ekstrak metanol daun pada konsentrasi 2 memberikan zona hambat terhadap B. subtilis. Dari hasil isolasi fraksi yang mempunyai KHM le; 2.500 ppm diperoleh empat senyawa yang baru pertama kali diisolasi dari G. latissima yaitu 6-deoksijakareubin dari fraksi C ekstrak etil asetat kulit buah G. latissima Miq. , senyawa friedilin dari fraksi A ekstrak etil asetat daun , senyawa robustaflavon dari fraksi D ekstrak etil asetat daun , dan senyawa amentoflavon dari fraksi B dan fraksi C ekstrak metanol daun . Hasil uji KHM 6-deoksijakareubin terhadap B. subtilis 156,25 ppm lebih aktif dari fraksi C ekstrak etil asetat kulit buah 1.250 ppm.

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ABSTRACTGarcinia latissima Miq. which grows on the island of Seram Maluku and Papua and cultivated in the Bogor Botanical Gardens may have potential as an antimicrobial. The purpose of this study was to obtain isolates of active compounds from the active fractions as antibacterial or antifungal and to obtain the structure of the active compound of the G. latissima Miq plant. Each plant material fruits, stembark, and leaves were macerated succesively by using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol subsequently obtaining 9 extracts. Antimicrobial tests of 9 extracts were performed on two Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis , two Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli and two fungi Candida albicans and Trichophyton mentagrophytes using inhibitory zone tests. Extracts that provide inhibition zone, retard zone test conducted using 2 extract in DMSO. Extracts that gave the inhibition zone at 2 concentration were tested for minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC using the dilution method and then fractionated using column chromatography. The fractions were tested inhibit zone and stipulation of MIC values ?? ??by microdilution. Fractions that gave inhibition to the bacteria were then tested by performing bioautography assay to determine which component of the fraction that able to inhibit bacteria growth. A fraction having MIC of 2500 ppm or less and having a feasible fractional weight is then isolated by column chromatography, preparative thin layer chromatography Prep-TLC , and recrystallization. The isolates obtained were identified using UV-Vis spectrophotometry, FTIR, LCMS Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrophotometry , 1H-NMR spectrophotometry, 13C-NMR, HMQC, and HMBC. The results showed that the fruits ethyl acetate extract and the stembark ethyl acetate extract at 2 concentration gave inhibition zone against B. subtilis and P. aeruginosa. The fruits methanol extract 2 and stembark methanol extract 2 gave inhibition zone against B. subtilis and S. aureus. The fruits methanol extract 2 also provided inhibitory zone against P. aeruginosa. The leaves ethyl acetate extract and the leaves methanol extract at 2 concentration gave inhibition zone against B. subtilis. The isolation result from fractions having MIC le; 2,500 ppm obtained four compounds which were first isolated from G. latissima, 6-deoxijacareubin from fraction C of fruit ethyl acetate extract , friedelin from fraction A of leaves ethyl acetate extract , robustaflavone from fraction D of leaves ethyl acetate extract , and amentoflavone from fraction B and fraction C of leaves methanolic extract . The MIC of 6-deoxijacareubin against B. subtilis was 156.25 ppm more active than fraction C of fruits ethyl acetate extract of 1250 ppm ."